Rat Dissection

• The following �slides are �intended to help�you with dissection �of the rat and then �to review for the lab practical that will follow.

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RATS

Rat Dissection

• Scientific Name: � Rattus norvegicus
• Common Name: Rat�
• Kingdom- Animalia
• Phylum- Chordata
• Subphylum- Vertebrata
• Class- Mammalia
• Order- Rodentia

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RATS

Rat Dissection

• The following web sites were used to obtain various dissection pictures.

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(1) http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab�15/biolab15_1.html

(2) http://www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/home/rat.htm

(3) http://www.biologycorner.com/bio3/rat_guide.html

(4) http://www.biologymad.com/ratphotos/ratphotos.htm

(5) http://www.baa.duke.edu/companat/BAA_289L_2004/heart/Rat/rat_thorax.htm

(6) http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog105/images/ratpics/unit6/

(7) http://www.victoriacollege.edu/dept/bio/RatDissection/index.htm �This has an excellent self quiz!

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Urogenital Tutorial- http://www.biolsci.monash.edu.au/undergrad/erat/index.html

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SOURCES

Rat Dissection

REMOVING SKIN

Source #4

Rat Dissection

REMOVING SKIN

Source #7

Rat Dissection

REMOVING SKIN

Source #4

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #1

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #1

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #1

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

MUSCLES

Source #5

Rat Dissection

ORAL CAVITY

Source #6

Rat Dissection

ORAL CAVITY

Source #6

Rat Dissection

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Source #4

Rat Dissection

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Source #4

Rat Dissection

Source #7

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Rat Dissection

DIGESTIVE� ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

Source #6

DIGESTIVE� ORGANS

Rat Dissection

Source #6

DIGESTIVE� ORGANS

Rat Dissection

DIGESTIVE �ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

DIGESTIVE� ORGANS

Source #5

Rat Dissection

DIGESTIVE �ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

Source #6

DIGESTIVE �ORGANS

Rat Dissection

DIGESTIVE� ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

Source #1

THORACIC CAVITY

Rat Dissection

HEART + LUNGS

Source #5

Rat Dissection

RESPIRATORY ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

CIRCULATORY ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

HEART

Source #5

Rat Dissection

CIRCULATORY ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

UROGENITAL ORGANS

Source #1

Rat Dissection

Source #5

EXCRETORY ORGANS

Rat Dissection

Source #5

UROGENITAL ORGANS

Rat Dissection

1. Trachea
2. Heart
3. Lung
4. Diaphragm

Source #2

THORACIC CAVITY

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

1. Right � Atrium
2. Right � Ventricle
3. Left Atrium
4. Left� Ventricle

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Source #2

HEART

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

1. Jugular Vein
2. Carotid Artery
3. Superior Vena Cava
4. Ascending�Aorta
5. Atrium (right)
6. Ventricles

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THORACIC CIRCULATION

Source #2

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

• You should be familiar with the order of the parts of the alimentary canal. Following the path that food would take, we would pass through:
• Oral Cavity
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Pyloric Sphincter
• Small Intestine
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
• Large Intestine
• Cecum
• Colon �- Ascending Limb �- Transverse Limb �- Descending Limb
• Rectum
• Anus

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Source #1

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Rat Dissection

1. Liver

2. Stomach

3. Pancreas

4. Duodenum

5. Small � Intestines

6. Cecum

7. Urinary� Bladder

Source #2

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

1. Abdominal Aorta

2. Renal Artery (left)

3. Renal Vein (left)

4. Inferior Vena Cava

5. Hepatic Portal�Vein

ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION

Source #2

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

1. Coagulating Gland

2. Urinary Bladder

3. Vas Deferens

4. Epididymis

5. Small Intestines

6. Seminal Vesicle

7. Prostate Gland

8. Penis

9. Testis

10.Scrotum

MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

Source #2

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

1. Stomach
2. Kidney
3. Ovary
4. Oviduct
5. Uterine Horn
6. Large Intestine
7. Urinary Bladder

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

Source #2

Review and Quiz Yourself

Rat Dissection

10.

13.

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15.

TAGGED ORGANS

Source #7

Review and Quiz Yourself

Biceps�Brachii

Masseter

Rib Cage

Rat Dissection

5.

9.

22.

27.

TAGGED ORGANS

Source #7

Review and Quiz Yourself

Heart

Trachea

Lung

Esophagus

Rat Dissection

3.

7.

8.

11.

17.

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18.

TAGGED ORGANS

Source #7

Review and Quiz Yourself

Cecum

Small Intestine

Ovary

Diaphragm

Liver

Spleen

Rat Dissection

24.

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26.

TAGGED ORGANS

Source #7

Review and Quiz Yourself

Uterine�Horn

Urinary Bladder

Rat Dissection

1.

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6.

20.

23.

25.

TAGGED ORGANS

Source #7

Review and Quiz Yourself

Ureter

Kidney

Adrenal �Gland

Rectum

Stomach

Rat Dissection

• Toward the midline
• Toward the back (upper surface of body)
• Toward the tail
• Toward the side
• Farthest from the point of attachment
• Toward the belly (underside of body)
• Closest to the point of attachment
• Toward the head

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ANATOMICAL TERMS

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT FUNCTION:

Caudal

Lateral

Cranial

Proximal

Ventral

Distal

Dorsal

Medial

Rat Dissection

• The term referring to bending of a joint
• The term referring to movement of an appendage toward the long axis of the body
• The term referring to straightening of a joint
• The term referring to movement of an appendage away from the long axis of �the body

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ANATOMICAL TERMS

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT FUNCTION:

Adduction

Flexion

Abduction

Extension

Rat Dissection

• The whiskers, which have a sensory function
• The flap-like external ear that directs sound waves into the ear opening
• Paired openings leading into the nose
• Organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities
• A partition or wall separating 2 cavities
• A membrane which suspends the organs
• Shiny membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

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ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT ORGAN:

Pinna

Nares

Mesentery

Septum

Viscera

Peritoneum

Rat Dissection

• Abducts the thigh
• Extends the forelimb
• Constricts the abdomen
• Closes the jaw
• Adducts the thigh
• Flexes the forelimb
• Draws the forelimb toward the chest
• Extends the foot
• Moves the forelimb dorsally + caudally

ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT MUSCLE:

Biceps Femoris

Triceps Brachii

External Obliques

Biceps Brachii

Gracilis

Masseter

Pectoralis Major

or

Gluteus Maximus

Gastrocnemius

Latissimus Dorsi

Rat Dissection

• Produces WBC’s (White blood cells)
• Moves food in mouth and tastes
• Organs for gas exchange
• Windpipe leading from pharynx to lungs
• Bony anterior roof of mouth
• Muscular sheet that separates the �thoracic and abdominal cavities
• Incisors (biting) and molars (grinding)
• Muscular posterior roof of mouth
• Affects metabolic rate and body growth

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ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT ORGAN:

Tongue

Lungs

Diaphragm

Hard Palate

Trachae

Teeth

Thymus Gland

Soft Palate

Thyroid Gland

Rat Dissection

• Produces insulin for glucose metabolism
• Aids in digestion of proteins
• Food tube from pharynx to stomach
• Digests and absorbs nutrients
• Folds in stomach that help mix food
• Secretes bile, cleans blood, stores glycogen
• Cleans blood, removes old RBC’s
• Reabsorption of water
• Blind pouch where ileum joins colon
• End of intestines, compaction of feces

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ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT ORGAN:

Stomach

Esophagus

Liver

Rugae

Small Intestines

Spleen

Pancreas

Large Intestine

Cecum

Rectum

Rat Dissection

• Removes wastes + excess H₂0 from blood
• Houses developing fetuses
• Produces and stores sperm
• Stores urine before excretion
• Secretes a fluid that aids sperm�survival and motility
• Produces eggs
• Carry urine from kidney to bladder
• Secretes a fluid that nourishes sperm
• Sac that holds the testes

ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT ORGAN:

Uterine Horn

Testes

Ovary

Prostate

Bladder

Ureter

Kidney

Seminal Vesicle

Scrotum

Rat Dissection

• Takes blood from heart to lungs
• Large veins take blood to right atrium
• Top chambers, receive blood
• Membrane around heart
• Artery taking blood to head
• Bottom chambers that pump blood out
• Largest artery taking blood from left ventricle
• Lower descending aorta takes �blood to lower trunk and legs
• Takes blood to kidneys

ORGAN FUNCTION

Review and Quiz Yourself

NAME THAT ORGAN:

Vena Cava

Atria

Ventricles

Common Carotid

Pericardial Sac

Aorta

Pulmonary Artery

Abdominal Aorta

Renal Artery