Lesson 6 : Law�Leviticus 16:1-28

Beginning Discussion

1. Briefly discuss any questions or comments about reading.

2. Discuss observations and questions about Leviticus 16:1-28
3. Find divisions of instructions / structure of the commands.
4. What is the tone of this law?
5. Repetitions or emphasis?

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The Word of God

Experience

Conscience and reason

Feelings | Fear

Tradition

Authority Figure

Impressions or Mystical

Secular Knowledge & Logic

Philosophical systems

Culture

Peer Pressure

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REVIEW : Elements of Narratives

Review

• Judges & Kings
• Prophets
• Covenants

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LAW was given under the Mosaic Covenant

1. A blessing to Israel to dwell and walk with God.
2. Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers. Re-iterated in Deuteronomy.
3. The Law was good and holy and will not be changed. But it showed us how sinful we are. ( Rom 7)
4. Temporary tutor, to lead us to Christ. Now completely fulfilled in Christ for NT believer.

Hermeneutical Rule

OT LAW

We first interpret the OT Law by its original author’s intent to the original audience.

Only after, we understand the progress nature of revelation and understand the NT fulfillment/ application / renewal of the OT Law.

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STEP #1 : OVERVIEW

What is the tone?

STEP #1 : OVERVIEW

1 Now the Lord spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they had approached the presence of the Lord and died. Do not enter holy place. 2 The Lord said to Moses: “Tell your brother Aaron that he shall not enter at any time into the holy place inside the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, or he will die; for I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat.

STEP #1B : OVERVIEW

How would Aaron & moses have taken these commands?

STEP #2 : Outline & Identify Purpose

What’s the Order / Structure?

What’s the purpose?

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Examples: Set apart, Consecration, Loving the Neighbor, Justice etc.

STEP #2 : Outline & Identify Purpose

• Preparation of the high priest (v. 2–4)
• Sacrifices for himself (v. 5–11)

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• Atonement for the people (v. 12–19)***

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• ‘ Release of the scapegoat (v. 20–22)
• ‘Final cleansing (v. 23–28)

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Leviticus 16:29–34 “This shall be a permanent statute for you: in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall humble your souls and not do any work, whether the native, or the alien who sojourns among you; 30 for it is on this day that atonement shall be made for you to cleanse you; you will be clean from all your sins before the Lord. 31 “It is to be a sabbath of solemn rest for you, that you may humble your souls; it is a permanent statute. 32 “So the priest who is anointed and ordained to serve as priest in his father’s place shall make atonement: he shall thus put on the linen garments, the holy garments, 33 and make atonement for the holy sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tent of meeting and for the altar. He shall also make atonement for the priests and for all the people of the assembly. 34 “Now you shall have this as a permanent statute, to make atonement for the sons of Israel for all their sins once every year.” And just as the Lord had commanded Moses, so he did.

PURPOSE: The Day of Atonement was a constant & solemn reminder that sin was constantly in their midst and needed atonement. Walking before a Holy God required humbling and covering.

STEP #3 : Observation & Inductive Study

Practice all the observation skills (repetition etc) +

Pay attention to key terms & theologically packed terminology.

Preparation of the High Priest (2-4)

High Priest – Sacrifices for Himself (v5-11)

15 “Then he shall slaughter the goat of the sin offering which is for the people, and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat.

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16 “He shall make atonement for the holy place, because of the impurities of the sons of Israel and because of their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and thus he shall do for the tent of meeting which abides with them in the midst of their impurities.

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Identifying Themes :

1. Repeat: Impurities, transgression, all their sins, impurities

2. Atonement: “Cover” or Make propitiation by blood.

Release of the scapegoat (v. 20–22)

“When he finishes atoning for the holy place and the tent of meeting and the altar, he shall offer the live goat. 21 “Then Aaron shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and he shall lay them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who stands in readiness. “The goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to a solitary land; and he shall release the goat in the wilderness.

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Identifying Themes :

1. Azazel : scapegoat**

2. The New Testament idea of atonement is that our sin is not merely covered, but also removed or taken away.

3. Propitiation VS Expiation

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‘ Final cleansing (v. 23–28)

• Bathing
• Burnt offering
• Everything left was burned outside the camp.

STEP #4 : Summarize the principles

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Principles are timeless revelation of God (holiness)

Truths about man (sinfulness)

Truth of redemption (relationship dilemma)

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STEP #4 : Summarize the principles

1. The pervasive nature of sin and impurity.
2. God’s provision of substitutionary atonement = Propitiation & Expiation.
3. Subpoints
1. High Priest, tabernacle, elements are all impure themselves.

Additional Summary

Leviticus 23:26–32 (NASB95) The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “On exactly the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement; it shall be a holy convocation for you, and you shall humble your souls and present an offering by fire to the Lord. 28 “You shall not do any work on this same day, for it is a day of atonement, to make atonement on your behalf before the Lord your God. 29 “If there is any person who will not humble himself on this same day, he shall be cut off from his people. 30 “As for any person who does any work on this same day, that person I will destroy from among his people. 31 “You shall do no work at all. It is to be a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all your dwelling places. 32 “It is to be a sabbath of complete rest to you, and you shall humble your souls; on the ninth of the month at evening, from evening until evening you shall keep your sabbath.”

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? The people already have the sin offering and the burnt offering? Why do they need to have another day of atonement? �

Priest Enters the Holy of Holies 1x representing the sacrifice of the people.

STEP #5 Cross Ref with rest of Scripture

Hebrews 9:11–14 But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things to come, He entered through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation; 12 and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy place once for all, having obtained eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh, 14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

STEP #5 Cross Ref with rest of Scripture

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Greater tabernacle

Greater priest

Greater sacrifice / blood

NEXT WEEK

1. Study Jeremiah 31:27-37- Prophets.

2. Read short article : Order of Interpretation that guides doctrine & theological conclusions.

1. Discuss any principles learned or questions on OT Law. Are we, as NT Christians, supposed to obey any of the OT Law?

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• Leviticus 16 emphasizes the seriousness and pervasiveness of sin. How would you respond to someone who falsely believes that in the NT, God cares more about love than he does sin?

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• In what way do our individual sins affect the church? What instructions are given for cleansing of impurity when it comes to the corporate body? Use specific references.

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• Christ fulfilled the law in both the propitiation & expiation for sin. Please review and describe how both elements deepen our gratitude for our salvation in Christ.

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• Spiritual fruit and maturity can be seen in our attitudes. From properly understanding Lev 16, what spiritual attitudes should we exhibit?

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