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Trash-Pot : Waste Management System for Handle Garbage � Collection Process with Service Rating System. �

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is regarded as a challenging matter for contemporary cities due to quick growth in the amount of waste, high waste collection costs , limited treatment capacities and environmental problems [1].

Increasing waste generation has become a significant challenge in developing countries due to unprecedented population growth and urbanization. [10]

This paper presents a case study conducted in a municipality in Sri Lanka. Officials, More than 300 householders of different income groups and landfill operators were interviewed to examine current practices and environmental problems [6]

INTRODUCTION

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The main objective of the project is to design and develop a “Waste Management System for handling garbage collection process for efficiency ” as a web-based system which will assist in predicting illegal waste hotspots, scheduling waste collection process, identify filled up garbage bins and and rating employees for their service.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

MAIN

OBJECTIVE

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Develop a software component to provide the city council with a map to identify predicted illegal waste hotspots based on the location type using predictive analysis in data-driven approach.

Trash Pot-Hub

Develop a software component to create a dynamic schedule for manage overall garbage collection process with in given geographical area.

Develop an IoT based software component to indicate the level of garbage bins located around housing complexes to inform the council and identify waste generation in those area.

Identify the factors, design and develop an algorithm to evaluate the services of the garbage collectors.

schedule

Garbage collection

Illegal Garbage Dumps

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System Diagram

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IT19207896 BADDEGAMA D.T.

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Student Must add a professional photo to this cage

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Specific Objective

Develop a map that can be used to display predicted garbage dumps based on the location type.

Sub Objectives
Data Preprocessing

Data collection and processing for features
Identifying the most frequently occurring location types in the dataset

Model Training
Develop a city map to plot area
Provide an option to filter the map by area name.
Spot the predicted garbage dumps according to the selected location type.

Specific and Sub Objective

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Research Questions

How can illegal waste dumps be predicted?
How to identify location types that can occur garbage dump sites?
How to display the predicted illegal waste dumps in a map based on the location type?
How to notify the garbage collectors about the hotspots?

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High –level System Diagram

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Methodology

Data Preprocessing

Data collection and processing for features :

Collect Data from the District 3-Colombo Municipal Council

Illegal dump records around the District 3
Legal Dump sites in District 3

Processing of data for features

location type

Ward name (CMC Website)
Distance to Nearest Road (Google map )
Ward Population (sensors and statistics department sri lanka)
Population Density(m^2)
Distance to Nearest Venue(m) (Google map )
Number of Venues (Google map )
Average Distance of Venues
Lable (1-Illegal , 0 - Legal)
Status (Illegal , Legal)

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Completion of the Project

Data Preprocessing– Completed

Data collection and processing for features

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Methodology

Identifying the most frequently occurring location types in the dataset :

Using municipal data, we classified the location types of illegal and legal garbage and discovered the most frequently occurring location types in the dataset.
The most frequently occurred location types are,

Restaurant
Shop
Religious Places
School
Office
Ground

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Completion of the Project

Data Preprocessing– Completed

Identifying the most frequently occurring location types in the dataset

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Methodology

Model Training :

Implement a Random Forest algorithm classification mode

Random Forest Algorithm has chosen an accuracy of 95 %..

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Completion of the Project

Predicted Data– Completed

Predicted output for Test Data

Status: [0] -> Illegal dump spot

Status: [1] -> Legal dump spot

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Completion of the Project

Predicted Data– Completed

Test Dataset

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Completion of the Project

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Completion of the Project

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IT19180380 ARIYASENA P.G.H.S

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Student Must add a professional photo to this cage

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Specific Objective :

Develop a software component to create a dynamic schedule for managing the overall garbage collection process.

Sub Objectives :

Develop a method to detect the public events which are published on selected websites to recognize the uninformed events within given geographical area
Develop a method to generate weather forecasting report for a day/week according to the weather condition of a selected geographical area.
Create a dynamic schedule which can update dynamically according to some selected internal and external factors.

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Specific and Sub Objective

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Research Questions

1. How to identify the public events / gatherings which are happening without informing to the CMC , within selected geographical area.

2. How to create weather forecasting report for identify most suitable time (Morning or Afternoon) for collecting garbage.

3. How to create a dynamic schedule which can update dynamically according to some selected internal and external factors.

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System Overview Diagram

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Methodology

Develop a method to detect the public events which are published on selected websites to recognize the uninformed events within given geographical area.

Recognize the uninformed public events:

Find the URL that you want to scrap the details of the events which will be held within a selected geographical area
Inspecting the relevant Page.
Find the events that needed to extract.
Write the code to create the crapper and run the code to extract the relevant data to the system.
Store the filtered data in a required format
Selenium , Beautiful Soup and Pandas library.

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Completion of the Project

Recognize the uninformed public events in Colombo area using web scrapping – 100%
Public events which are scrapped from 10Times.com and Meetups.com

Api call for get all the event details

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Methodology

Develop a method to generate weather forecasting report for a day/week according to the weather condition of a selected geographical area - 100%.

PIL: this model is used to handle Json files and comes built in with python.
Requests: It is used for making HTTP requests to a specified URL
use Open Weather Map API to get weather data, including current weather data, forecast , and historical data.

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Completion of the Project

Develop a method to generate weather forecasting report for a day/week according to the weather condition of a selected geographical area – 100%

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Api call for get weather furcating report for week

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Completion of the Project

Internal Factors : -

Employee Leave Management – 100%

Vehicle Condition Monitoring – 100%

Additional Garbage Requests – 100 %

Employee Leave Management – 100 %

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Completion of the Project

Internal Factors : -

Employee Leave Management – 100%

Vehicle Condition Monitoring – 100%

Route Condition Monitoring – 100 %

Vehicle Condition Monitoring – 100 %

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Completion of the Project

Internal Factors : -

Employee Leave Management – 100%

Vehicle Condition Monitoring – 100%

Additional Garbage Requests – 100 %

Additional Garbage Requests – 100 %

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Completion of the Project

Create a dynamic schedule which can update dynamically according to some selected internal and external factors – 90%

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Functional Requirements

Should have functionality to inform the condition of the vehicle to the system in a emergency situation.
Should have functionality to get the details about drivers and assistants leave plan.
Should have a functionality to inform about the event details to the system.
Should have a functionality to inform the condition of the route to the system in an emergency situation.

User Requirements

Municipal Council and Customers :

– Ability to view the dynamic schedule of particular week.

Customers - Ability to collect extra rounds of garbage.

Requirements

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IT19155494 WIJETHUNGA S.H.

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Student Must add a professional photo to this cage

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Specific and Sub Objective

Main Objective

Develop an IoT-based smart bin to identify the garbage level of the bin, lock the bin when it has filled up and unlock it and notify the authority about the status of the bin and its location.

Sub Objectives

Develop a feature to open and close the lid automatically.
Develop the smart bin to identify the garbage level and lock the bin when it has filled up.
Develop a feature to lock the bin whenever it’s going to fall before filling up.
Develop a feature to unlock the bin.
Develop a platform to display the status of the bin and its location to the authority.

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Research Questions

What are the issues in the current garbage bin clearance process?
How can IoT be used in a smart garbage monitoring system?
How to notify the municipal council about filled-up garbage bins to be cleared with help of a smart bin?

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System Overview Diagram

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Methodology

Develop a feature to open and close the lid automatically.

Open and Close the lid automatically

Check the front distance of an object using Ultrasonic Sensors.

Condition – garbage level > 10cm , front distance < 30cm

Open when the bin is not filled up and wait for a two seconds

and close using Servo Motors.

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Completion of the Project

Open and Close the lid automatically - Completed

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Methodology

Develop the smart bin to identify the garbage level and lock the bin when it has filled up.

Identify levels and indicate with LEDs

Check garbage levels using Ultrasonic Sensors.
Indicate each level using LEDs.

Lock the bin when it has filled up.

Check whether the bin is filled up.
Lock the bin using the lid lock.

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Completion of the Project

Identify levels and indicate with LED indicators – Completed
Lock the bin when it has filled up - Completed

Level 1 – Bin unlocked Level 2 - Bin unlocked Level 3 – Bin locked

20cm < level 1< 30cm 10cm< level 2< 30cm level 3 < 10cm

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Lid Lock

Indicators

Ultrasonic Sensors

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Methodology

Develop a feature to lock the bin whenever it’s going to fall.

Identify the position of the bin using the ADXL345 accelerometer.

Check the Accelerometer values and get values for the x-axis and y-axis.
According to the values got for x_out and y_out check whether the bin is going to fall or not and lock the bin.

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Completion of the Project

Develop a feature to lock the bin whenever it’s going to fall - Completed

The bin is half-filled up and in a normal position The bin is half-filled up and going to fall

-Bin is unlocked- -Bin is locked-

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Methodology

Develop a feature to open the locked bin using RFID technology.

Unlock the bin and open the lid of the bin using an RFID card.

Checking whether the bin is locked after fill-up.
Read the unique id number of the card and implement a feature to open the lid automatically.
Close the lid after the clearance, with the help of an RFID tag.

MFRC522 RFID Tag and Reader

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Completion of the Project

Develop a feature to open the locked bin using RFID technology - Completed

Bin is unlocked using an RFID card Lid is closed after clearance

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Methodology

Implement a platform to identify the current garbage level of the bin, bin usage, and the bin location.

Identify the current garbage level of the bin.

Check garbage levels using Ultrasonic Sensors.
Read the level and convert it to a percentage.
Display the level as a percentage.

Display the live bin usage and past bin usage.

Identify relevant variables (percentage) for live bin usage.

Identify the bin location using GPS.

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Completion of the Project

Implement a platform to identify the current garbage level of the bin, bin usage, and the bin location. - Completed

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Filled Percentage

Bin Level

Bin Usage

Bin Location

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Functional Requirements
Should have a method to open and close the lid automatically.
Should have a way to identify levels of garbage and indicate them.
Should have a way to lock and unlock the bin on relevant requirements
Should have a way to transmit data to the relevant authority.
Should charge the bin using the solar panel.

User Requirements
Users – Ability to leave garbage in an easy way.
Municipal council – Ability to identify garbage bins’ levels and filled up bins’ locations.

Requirements

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IT19244594 BOWATHTHA B.L.D.M.

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Student Must add a professional photo to this cage

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Specific Objective

Identify the factors, design and develop an service rating algorithm to evaluate the services of the garbage collectors.

Sub Objectives
To identify the key factors for evaluating garbage collection services.
To develop a rating algorithm for evaluating garbage collectors’ performance and productivity.
To develop a star rating prediction for overall service feedback.
To implement a method to identify negative or positive feedback and visualizing.
To develop rating scale for overall area citizens ’supportiveness using area feedback.

Specific and Sub Objective

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Research Questions

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How to identify key factors to evaluate garbage collection service?

How to identify and categorize negative and positive feedback?

How is overall garbage collection service in those areas?

How to check the percentage of positive feedback for each garbage collector?

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System Overview Diagram

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Methodology

Identify the key factors for evaluating garbage collection services.

Data Collection

Collect Data from the citizens, environment policies and environment clubs in Division 3-Colombo Municipal Council

Using pandas and numpy and matplotlib.pyplot libraries for identify the key factors.

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Completion of the Project

Identify the key factors for evaluating garbage collection services– 100% Completed

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Completion of the Project

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Using Matplotlib library for data visualization

�

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Methodology

To implement a method to identify negative or positive feedback and visualizing–

To implement a method to identify negative or positive feedback using NLP
Using pandas,numpy,seaborn and matplotlib.pyplot libraries for categorize feedback and visualizing parts.
Using word cloud to visual representations of words that give greater prominence to words that appear more frequently.

Dataset

Data Preprocessing

Data Analysis

Classify Polarity

Data Cleaning

Reprocessing Text in Numeric Form

Split Dataset

Build Model

Cleaned Data

Visualized Data

Train & Test Dataset

Positive & Negative

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Methodology

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Text Preprocessing and Data Cleaning

Begin by removing the html tags.
Remove any punctuations or limited set of special characters.
Check if the word is made up of English letters and is not alpha-numeric.
Check to see if the length of the word is greater than 2 (as it was researched that there is no adjective in 2-letters).
Convert the word to lowercase.
Remove Stop words
Finally Snowball Stemming the word

Original Reviews

Dropping stop words & steaming

Dropping Special Characters

Converting to small-case

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Completion of the Project

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To implement a method to identify negative , neutral or positive feedback and visualizing

[Score] <= 0 Negative
0<[Score] <= 0.50 Neutral
0.50 <[Score] <= 1.00 Positive

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Methodology

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Develop a star rating prediction for overall service feedback.

Using pandas,numpy,seaborn,re and matplotlib.pyplot libraries for star rating prediction algorithom.
Using HFIDF and Linear SVM algorithm
Data Pre-processing : Using the star rating prediction algorithm, eliminate punctuations and special characters, remove stop words, tokenization, lemmatize the text
Dataset :Create a dataset to collect data from the citizens in Dematagoda.

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Completion of the Project

Develop a star rating prediction for overall service feedback.– 100% Completed

Input:

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Completion of the Project

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Develop a star rating prediction for overall service feedback.– 90% Completed

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Functional Requirements

Evaluate garbage collectors’ performance.
Categorize feedback type and visualize.
Evaluate overall garbage collection service in specific areas.

Non-functional Requirements

Efficiency and performance of the system
Ensuring system availability and accuracy

Requirements

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Method to show the live locations of the garbage hotspots.
Method to submit customer complains.
Method to allocate extra rounds of garbage collection based on requests.
Method to trade the collected garbage for commercialize recycling organizations.
Method the report the current trucks and routes conditions in an emergency manner.

Additional Features

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Gantt Chart

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REFERENCES

Use IEEE referencing format

[1] Sun, Nayseang; Chungpaibulpatana, Supachart (2017). Development of an Appropriate Model for Forecasting Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Bangkok. Energy Procedia, 138(), 907–912. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.134

[2] Zhu Minghua; Fan Xiumin; Alberto Rovetta; He Qichang; Federico Vicentini; Liu Bingkai; Alessandro Giusti; Liu Yi (2009). Municipal solid waste management in Pudong New Area, China. , 29(3),12271233. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.07.016

[3] Akhtar, Mahmuda; Hannan, M A; Basri, Hassan; Scavino, Edgar (2015). SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES. Jurnal Teknologi, 75(11), –. doi:10.11113/jt.v75.5331

ITXXXXXXXX | <<Student Name>> | <<Project ID>>

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[4]Zainun, N. Y., Rahman, I. A., & Rothman, R. A. (2016). Mapping Of Construction Waste Illegal Dumping Using Geographical Information System (GIS). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 160, 012049. doi:10.1088/1757-899x/160/1/012049 

[5]Glanville, Katharine; Chang, Hsing-Chung (2015). Mapping illegal domestic waste disposal potential to support waste management efforts in Queensland, Australia. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 29(6), 1042–1058. doi:10.1080/13658816.2015.1008002 

[6]Bandara, Nilanthi J.G.J.; Hettiaratchi, J. Patrick A. (2010). Environmental impacts with waste disposal practices in a suburban municipality in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 6(1/2), 107–. doi:10.1504/ijewm.2010.033987

ITXXXXXXXX | <<Student Name>> | <<Project ID>>

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[7]Pavel, Jan; Slavík, Jan (2017). The relationship between competition and efficiency of waste-collection services in the Czech Republic. Local Government Studies, (), 1–22. doi:10.1080/03003930.2017.1411812

[8]Puche Regaliza, Julio César; Alvear González, Arturo; Aparicio Castillo, Santiago; Arranz Val, Pablo; Lara Ortega, Fernando (2018). Key factors in levels of public satisfaction with urban waste collection in a northern Spain city. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, (), –. doi:10.1007/s10163-018-0713-x

[9]Jiayuan Wang; Hongping Yuan; Xiangping Kang; Weisheng Lu (2010). Critical success factors for on-site sorting of construction waste: A china study. , 54(11), 931–936. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.01.012

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[10] Kumar, S. Vinoth; Kumaran, T. Senthil; Kumar, A. Krishna; Mathapati, Mahantesh, “Smart garbage monitoring and clearance system using internet of things”,(2017).

[11] C. Caruso; A. Colorni; M. Paruccini, “The regional urban solid waste management system: A modelling approach” (1993).

[12] S. Kanta; S. Jash; H. Nath Saha, “Internet Of Things Based Garbage Monitoring System”, (2017).

ITXXXXXXXX | <<Student Name>> | <<Project ID>>

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