Year 10 Component 1: Natural forms: Observational drawing
Observational drawing is drawing from an observed object, person or place, this is known as the subject. It is concerned with looking closely at the subject and drawing what you see first hand as realistically and as true to life as possible. Showing knowledge, skill and understanding of the Formal Elements of Art.
The Formal Elements of Art are the building blocks used by artists to create a work of art- Line Shape, Form, Pattern, Texture, Tone and Colour
Born: 25 Jun 1932 (age 87) · Dartford, England
Line- A line is a mark made on a surface which has greater length than width it is the distance between two points. Lines can vary in length, width, direction and shape. Artists and designers can use lines for many different reasons:
Lines can show the subject's physical appearance: outline of shapes and objects, details and patterns, surfaces and texture and tone, light and shade.
Contour Line is a line that defines an edge or form.
Contour Line drawing is of the lines that follow the visible edges of a shape as well as those along the important interior shapes.
Shape- A shape is a closed line, a two-dimensional area. Shapes are flat, they have height and width but not depth. A shape might be defined by an outline or through contrast with its surroundings, such as through colour or tone.
There are two types of shape:
Organic shapes are ones that can be found in nature. For example; flowers and shells all have organic shapes.
Geometric shapes are mathematical shapes, such as squares and circles. They are perfect and regular.
Proportion is the principle of art that refers to relative size, the feeling of unity created when all parts of a shape relate well with each other.
Year 10 Component 1: Natural forms: Observational drawing
Pattern- A pattern is a design in which lines, shapes, forms or colours are repeated. The part that is repeated is called a motif. Patterns can be regular or irregular.
Texture- Texture is the surface quality that can be seen and felt. Texture can be rough or smooth, soft or hard.
There are two types of texture: actual texture and visual texture.
Actual texture- this is where artists and designers use actual texture in their work creating tactile qualities eg, fur
Visual texture- refers to the artist using their skill to create the illusion of an object's texture.
Mark making is a term used to describe the different marks used to create shape, pattern, texture and tone in a piece of art work.
Examples of mark making include;
Hatching- parallel lines
Cross-hatching- crossed lines
Stippling- dots
Broken lines- dashes
Year 10 Component 1: Natural forms: Observational drawing
Chiaroscuro, from Italian chiaro, “light,” and scuro, “dark”, is a technique used in the visual arts to represent light and shadow as they define three-dimensional objects. Chiaroscuro is applying tone to a two-dimensional piece of artwork to create the illusion of a three-dimensional form.
Value in art is essentially how light or dark something is on a scale of white to black (with white being the highest value and black being the lowest value).
Form�Form refers to three dimensional objects. While shapes have two dimensions (height and width), forms have three dimensions (height, width and depth). Spheres, cylinders, cubes, and pyramids are forms. �Forms that are three dimensional, such as sculptures or buildings are called real forms. Two dimensional work can suggest three dimensional objects by including implied forms. This means that lines or shapes are shown in a way that suggests they have depth. This can be done using perspective, or through tone or colour effects giving the illusion of three dimensional form.�
Tone
In art and design, tone refers to the degree of lightness or darkness of an area. Tone varies from the bright white of a light source through shades of grey to the deepest black shadows. Tone can also refer to how light or dark a colour appears. In real life tone is created by the way light falls on an object. The parts of the object on which the light is strongest are called highlights and the darker areas are called shadows.
Tone can be used for a range of effects:
Year 10 Component 1: Natural forms: Observational drawing
Colour is the element in art of reflected light that is interpreted by the eye.
Colour in art is based on colour theory, which is composed of three basic parts: the colour wheel hue, colour value and colour schemes.
Colour is the element in art of reflected light that is interpreted by the eye.
Colour in art is based on colour theory, which is composed of three basic parts: the colour wheel hue, colour value and colour schemes.
Colour value refers to darkness or lightness of a colour and is affected by adding black or white. Adding black produces shades. Adding white produces tints. A shade is a mixture of a colour with black, which increases darkness. A tint is a mixture of a colour with white, which reduces darkness. Both processes affect the resulting colour mixture's lightness.
A tone is produced either by mixing a colour with grey, or by both tinting and shading.
Mixing a colour with any neutral colour (including black, grey, and white) reduces the colourfulness, while the hue (colour) remains unchanged.
TONE- adding grey to a pure hue