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Interacting Effects of Mental Model Integration and Source Quantity on Source Memory

Isabel Folger, Carleton College

Full paper

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Semantic Memory

Semantic Networks

Mental Model

Fan Effect

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Semantic

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Episodic

Semantic

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Episodic

Semantic

information

“knowing”

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Episodic

events

“remembering”

Semantic

information

“knowing”

Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.),

Organization of memory (pp. 381–403). Academic Press.

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item

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item

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source

item

Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3

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Semantic Memory

Semantic Networks

Mental Model

Fan Effect

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Collins, & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal

Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1

Anderson, J. R. (1974). Retrieval of propositional information from long-term memory. Cognitive

Psychology, 6, 451–474.

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Semantic Memory

Semantic Networks

Mental Model

Fan Effect

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Collins, & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal

Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1

Anderson, J. R. (1974). Retrieval of propositional information from long-term memory. Cognitive

Psychology, 6, 451–474.

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Semantic Memory

Semantic Networks

Mental Model

Fan Effect

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Radvansky, G. A. (1999). The fan effect: A tale of two theories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128(2), 198–206. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.128.2.198

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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How do semantic integration and source quantity affect source memory?

Research Question

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item

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source

item

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Source memory will be better when a model is associated with a single source

Hypothesis

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Source memory will be better when a model is associated with a single source and worse when the model is informed by multiple sources

Hypothesis

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Source memory will be better when a model is associated with a single source and worse when the model is informed by multiple sources, as multiple source memories will compete for the same retrieval cue.

Hypothesis

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Method

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2

3

4

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Method

Encoding Phase (x2)

32 social media posts

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2

3

4

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Names: most popular 1940s–2010s

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Names: most popular 1940s–2010s
Statements:

4–6 words
subject–verb–object

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Method

Encoding Phase (x2)

32 social media posts

Distractor Task

Mental Math

1

2

3

4

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Method

Encoding Phase (x2)

32 social media posts

Distractor Task

Mental Math

Item Memory Measure

Confidence Ratings

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2

3

4

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Method

Encoding Phase (x2)

32 social media posts

Distractor Task

Mental Math

Item Memory Measure

Confidence Ratings

Source Memory Measure

Multiple-

Choice

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2

3

4

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No Models (Control)

Single-Source Models

Multi-Source Models

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No Models (Control)

Single-Source Models

Multi-Source Models

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No Models (Control)

Single-Source Models

Multi-Source Models

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No Models (Control)

Single-Source Models

Multi-Source Models

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Conditions

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Conditions

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions




X

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity


X

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity
	Single

X

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity
	Single	Multiple

X

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity
	Single	Multiple

X	No Models

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity
	Single	Multiple
	Single-Source Models
X	No Models

Mental Model

Integration

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Conditions

	Source Quantity
	Single	Multiple
	Single-Source Models	Multi-Source Models
X	No Models

Mental Model

Integration

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Mental Model Integration

Source Memory

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Mental Model Integration

Source Memory

Source Quantity

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Mental Model Integration

Source Memory

Single

Multiple

+

–

Source Quantity

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Multi-Source < No Models < Single-Source

Hypothesis: Integration–Source Quantity Interaction

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Results

*p < .05

**p < .01

***p < .001

Error bars denote 95% CI.

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Results

*p < .05

**p < .01

***p < .001

Error bars denote 95% CI.

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Contents

01.

03.

02.

04.

Key terms & background information

Present findings

Research questions & methodology

Takeaways, limitations, & future directions

Definitions & Concepts

Results

Current Study

Conclusions

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Takeaways

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Takeaways

Source quantity effect

Integration–source quantity interaction

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Takeaways

Source quantity effect

Integration–source quantity interaction

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Takeaways

Source quantity effect

? Integration–source quantity interaction

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Takeaways

Source quantity effect

? Integration–source quantity interaction

53 participants needed per condition (d = .49, α = 0.05, power = 0.8)

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Limitations

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Limitations

Low power

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Limitations

Low power
Task demands

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Future Directions

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Future Directions

Follow-up w/bigger sample

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Future Directions

Follow-up w/bigger sample
Effects on persuasion

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Questions?

Full paper