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A New Language is a New Life

Gateway To Japan

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(+91) 82489 26385

https://www.gatewaytojapan.co.in/

Gateway To Japan

Class 5b

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CLASS 5b

Class 5b

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Class 5b

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HIRAGANA RULES

- LONG VOWELS�- DOUBLE CONSONANTS�- TRADITIONAL SOUNDS�- PARTICLES

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LONG VOWELS

  • aa or ā
  • Represented by adding あ

Example: Mother

okaasan = おかあさん

okāsan = おかあさん

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​

  • ii or ī
  • Represented by adding い

​

Example: Older brother

oniisan = おにいさん

onīsan = おにいさん

​

​

LONG VOWELS

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  • ee or ē
  • Represented by adding え or い

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Example: Older sister

oneesan = おねえさん

onēsan = おねえさん

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Example: Teacher

Sensei = せんせい

​

LONG VOWELS

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  • uu or ū
  • Represented by addingう

Example: China

chuugoku =　ちゅうごく

chūgoku = 　ちゅうごく

​

​

LONG VOWELS

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  • oo or ou or ō
  • Usually represented by adding う or お

Example: Today

kyoo = きょう

kyou = きょう

kyō = きょう

​

Example: Big

Ookii = おおきい

​

​

LONG VOWELS

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Long sounds

ā

ii or ī

ū

ei or ē

ō

kyā, kyū, kyō

ああ

​

いい

​

うう

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ええ　OR　えい

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おう　OR　おお (less common)

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きゃあ、きゅう、きょう　etc

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DOUBLE CONSONANTS

  • kk, pp, ss, and tt are represented by a small っ

(NOT big つ)

  • small っ indicates a small pause so the mouth can prepare for the pronunciation of the next syllable

​

gakkō = がっこう (School)

juppun = じゅっぷん (10 mins)

zasshi = ざっし (Magazine)

kitte = きって (Stamp)

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Pause sound (small tsu つ)

kk

pp

ss

tt

tch

けっこん　(marriage)

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きっぷ (tickets)

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まっすぐ (go straight)

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きって (ticket)

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サンドイッチ (sandwich)

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TRADITIONAL SOUNDS

  • oo or ō
  • Some traditional words written by adding お not う

​

Example: Big

ookii =　おおきい

ōkii = おおきい

​

​

​

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  • ji or zu are usually represented by じ and ず
  • Some traditional words use ぢ and づ

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jisho　 =　じしょ (Dictionary)

Hanaji =　はなぢ (TRAD) (Nosebleed)

chizu　 = ちず (Map)

tsuzukeru = つづける (TRAD) (To continue)

​

TRADITIONAL SOUNDS

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obāsan (grandmother)

ojīsan (grandfather)

yūgata (evening)

taifū (typhoon)

ēto (um)

sayōnara (goodbye)

dōmo arigatō (thank you)

ikko (one small thing)

nijuppun (20 minutes)

issatsu (one flat item)

chotto (a little)

​

​

おばあさん

おじいさん

ゆうがた

たいふう

ええと

さようなら

どうも　ありがとう

いっこ

にじゅっぷん

いっさつ

ちょっと

​

かけますか？ Can you write?

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Particles – Hiragana changes

Particles are grammatical markers and are put before or after Japanese words to make a sentence.

​

In romaji particles are written on their own separate from other words.

Ex. Watashi wa kōen e ikimasu.

wa

o

e

は　（not わ)

​

を　（not お）

​

へ　（not え）

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PARTICLES

  • Particle wa is represented by は not わ
  • Particle o is represented by を not お
  • Particle e is represented by へ not え

Mizu o nomimasu.

みず　を　のみます。(I drink water)

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Boku wa Kyōto e ikimasu.

ぼく　は　きょうと　へ　いきます。

(I will go to Kyoto)

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よめますか？ Can you read?

おきゃくさん guest

じゅう Ten

とうきょう Tokyo

おちゃ Tea

ぎゃく opposite

みゃくみゃく continuous

りゃくす abbreviate

りゅうがく study abroad

みょうじ surname

りょうり cooking

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Gateway To Japan

gatewaytojapan

(+91) 82489 26385

​

https://www.gatewaytojapan.co.in/

​

Gateway To Japan

Class 5b