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The Abyss/Bathyal

By Matthew Padgett and David Deans

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Don’t miss the Abyss! Vote for Bathyal!

We’re the deepest candidate

The other guys are too shallow

Don’t be abysmal, vote abyssal.

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Productivity

  • The rate at with plants use carbon through photosynthesis, or the Net Primary Productivity is very very low in this region.
  • This is due to the fact that there is very miniscule amounts of sunlight that reach these levels.

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Major Life Forms

  • Not much life as barely any light or heat, and pressure is very high.
  • Animals tend to be gray or black, delicately structured, and unstreamlined.
  • Many of these have large gaps to ingest any possible food.
  • Animals include giant squid, tripod fish, angler fish, tube worms

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Giant Squid

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Tripod Fish

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Angler Fish

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Tube Worms

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Abiotic limited factors

  • There is barely any light
  • Very High oxygen content
  • Total Lack of Nutrients
  • Very high pressure
  • Because of this, there is not a lot of plant life, and very little energy to sustain a population growth.

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Special Features

  • At 2000 to 4000 meters below sea level, the Abyssal zone is very unique
  • Very cold
  • Very high pressure
  • Very low amounts of food
  • Very High Oxygen Content
  • Contains hydrothermal vents that spew hot water.

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PLant Adaptation

  • Since it is a region with very low temperature and high pressure, the plants need to have adapted to fit into an area lacking in energy.
  • Vegetation that lives in the region includes phytoplankton and algae.
  • These plants do not photosynthesize, they consume nutrient from salt concentrations
  • These salt concentrations are made up of nitrogen, phosphorus and silica.

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Phytoplankton (Diatoms)

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Algae

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Animal Adaptations

  • Abyssal zone animals go through life very differently than do shallower fish.
  • Abyssal creatures
    • Live longer and reproduce more slowly
    • Angler fish for example has bioluminescent capabilities.
    • Have high concentrations of trimethylamine oxide, which allows them to maintain a proper water balance, and stabilize proteins at high pressures.
    • Large gaps for mouths that allow for the collection of as much food as possible

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Works Cited