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SKILL:�Identifying evidence used in a poem to support an argument �
Trench warfare forcing a stalemate
Cemetery of WWI soldiers in France
7.3�C. TEC
Explain how governments used a variety of methods to conduct total war.
What we will learn:
Analyze the ways in which governments fought World War I with a concept referred to as ‘total war’; such as large land and sea armies
We will practice supporting an argument using a poem to find evidence of supporting our claim. �Poem: "Dulce et Decorum est" is a poem written by Wilford Owen in 1917 (while in WWI)
What we will do:
Elements of ‘TOTAL WAR’
Political �Propaganda �(gov. sponsored)
Nationalism�(patriotic spirit)
Mobilize home & colonial troops
Mobilize new Military Weapons + Technology
=
Total War
CENTRAL POWERS
Allied� POWERS
Western Front
Eastern Front
Truly a Global War: Colonial Soldiers
Mass Mobilization
Millions of soldiers are mobilized, or moved into a position of combat.
Most mobilized =
Western Europe. (Between France & Germany)�‘The Western Front’
New Technology & Weapons
New Technology & Weapons
Trench Warfare
Chemical Warfare
Naval Warfare
U-Boat
Dreadnought Battleship
Dreadnought Battleship
Air Force
A War of Attrition
A War of Attrition
Allied Powers
Central Powers
TOTAL:�8,500,000 �soldiers died
All Quiet on the Western Front
Let’s Practice: Poem
Identify evidence in a source to support an argument
THE ARGUMENT:�New military technology led to an increase in wartime casualties (deaths).
YOUR TASK:�Identify evidence to support your argument based on a poem written by Wilfred Owen, in 1917. He was killed just one week before the war ended.
Let’s Practice
Wilfred Owen
�- Written while fighting in WWI, 1917
�- The Latin title is taken from Horace, a Roman poet; “it is sweet and fitting”
- It is followed by pro patria mori, which means "to die for one's country"
POEM�‘Dulce et Decorum Est’
Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs,
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots,
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of gas-shells dropping softly behind.
Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time,
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime.—
Dim through the misty panes and thick green light,
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.
In all my dreams before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.
If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,—
My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro patria mori.
Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs,
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots,
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of gas-shells dropping softly behind.
Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time,
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime.—
Dim through the misty panes and thick green light,
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.
In all my dreams before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.
If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,—
My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro patria mori.
TAKEAWAYS
Learning Objective:
Answering an SAQ
1. Identify a specific answer
2. Be sure to use evidence (S.F.I.)
3. Write complete sentences
1. Total War
3. Encourage thoughts/feelings about
2. Propaganda on the homefront
Bonus Footage of WWI
Video #1:�They Shall Not Grow Old �“The Shells and Mine”
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Bonus Footage of WWI
Video #1:�They Shall Not Grow Old �“The Shells and Mine”
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