ELECTRIC VEHICLES ISSUES AND SOLUTION

By Anas Jawed (21BRS1336)

EV IDEATHON

About

• An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an internal-combustion engine that withdraws power from Li-ion batteries.
• Numerous Advantages
• According to a CEEW-CEF study, the EV market will be a $206 billion opportunity by 2030 if steady progress is maintained in India.
• Focusing on commercial vehicles.
• Major portion covered by Electric Scooters in Private Vehicles.
• Annual increase in sales 200%.

Statistical Analysis of future scope of EV in India

Problems in EV,s

• Insufficient Charging infrastructures.
• Frequent incidents of battery explosion.
• Lack of Standardisation.
• Temperature issues.
• Low performance for ideal economy etc.

Battery Overheating & Explosion

Among all the problems, the major problem is the overheating of power source that is Li-ion battery, which even lead to explosion and severe damage to vehicle and person. In the recent years number of cases are increasing among which more cases in two wheelers.

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Previous decade record of EV fire accidents

Effects

• On average 150 to 200 fire incidents occur every year in India.
• 10 to 20 deaths per year in India.
• Loss of trust on Electric Vehicles among people leading to drop in sales and unable to make position in Indian market.
• Loss in investments made by consumers.

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What are causing this problem

• Lack of proper battery infrastructure.
• Lack of heat sink.
• Internal electrical imbalance.
• Lack of control unit for overloading and underloading
• Extreme climatic conditions.

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Solutions to overcome problems

• Using Shock resistant Terminal separators- Most of the fire cases occur due to short-circuiting of battery terminals because the separators get damaged because of being unresistant to shocks on rough terrain. Use of 3M glass bubbles should be preferred.

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Use of heavy insulation should be done.

3M glass bubbles.

• Installing heat sink- Use of Aluminium alloy fin based heat sink.

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• Implementation of technology of sensors- Use of thermal sensors to control overloading and underloading of battery and to auto cut power supply in worst case scenarios.

Cylindrical fin aluminium heat sink.

4.5 V heat sensor.

• Installing Sensor-Display unit- Creating a thermal sensor which displays the live temperature of the battery to the user and warns above a certain limit.

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• Change in position of battery- Placing the battery in the rear part of the vehicle with maximum possible distance from the seat using series split technology rather than the lower part to ensure persons safety.

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Creating a display that gives warning stop message when battery temperature exceeds a given limit

Using rear part for batteries rather than under the seats

How will it help

• Increase battery life.
• Make the EV more efficient
• Cost Effective
• Reduced chances of accidents.
• Better Function management.

Roadmap to implement solution

Issues in implementation

• Will require change in basic structural architecture.
• Will require more specified circuiting.
• Will increase purchase cost.

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Future scope

• Will increase the demand of EV.
• Sustainable development.
• Reduced load on fossil fuel consumption.
• Betterment in the architecture of EVs.
• Bright scope in the Indian market.

Thank You