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Raciolinguistic Resistance: Healing Ourselves to Heal Communities

meme: @hopehealingarts

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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native-land.ca/

In the chat:

I am zooming in from… (what native lands?)

An ancestor or elder I’d like to invite into this space is…

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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In the chat:

I teach… (what language, subject, age?)

My relationship to my own language(s) in one word (in any language) is…

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Post 1965 Immigration Act

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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illustration by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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illustration by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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illustration by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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What might healing a perpetually open wound look like?

illustration by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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What did I lose? (What is important to grieve?)

How can we first be gentle with our inner child before stepping into the classroom with other peoples’ children? (phrase by Lisa Delpit)

Art: Lexx Valdez

“Doing away with language, or prohibiting its use, tears away at the soul of a people.”

-Dr. Sonia Nieto

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Art: @avanmuijen

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered…

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered…

Pupils at Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Pennsylvania, c. 1900

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Black students attend a segregated school in Siloam, Georgia, in October 1941.

Photograph by Universal History Archive

The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered…

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered…

1944 Westminster, CA; segregated school for Mexican children

“NO DOGS, NEGROES, MEXICANS.” Lonestar Restaurant Association, Dallas, Texas. Printed “Jim Crow” sign, n.d. Black History Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress (024.00.00)

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered… and in the context of imperialism and nation-building

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered… and in the context of imperialism and nation-building

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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The institution of schooling has never been neutral.

It has always been raced, classed, gendered…

And while language was used as a tool to oppress and separate, people also used it as a way to resist

Chinese primary school in SF 1895

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our peoples’ bodies know how to heal.

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Raciolinguistics: How we think about language is always more than just the language: it is inextricably linked to hierarchies of race, class, gender, empire; how can we make visible structures of power to then question, challenge, change it?

Rosa & Flores 2017, Delpit 1988

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Lee, C. (2020). Heritage language loss of Asian American youth: Racial ideologies in language policy implementation. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics.

Cheryl Lee

In California:

72% of AsAms and 39% of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders speak a language other than English at home
23% of AsAm households are linguistically isolated (no member 14 years+ are fluent in English)
Since 2000, AsAm populations have been growing faster than any other group

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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In context of anti-Blackness

Yellow peril, perpetual foreigner

Model minority

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Islamophobia, perpetual foreigner, treacherous actors of wartime espionage

Sounds

Source: @pyaartothepeople

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1950s-1970s Long Sixties (civil rights mvt, anti war mvt, etc.)

CA Dymally-Alatorre Bilingual Services Act 1973

Supreme Court Case Lau vs. Nichols 1974

CA Prop 63 1986

CA Prop 227 in 1998

State must serve non-English speaking populations in non-English language

Lack of supplementary language support is violation of Civil Rights Act

English is the Official Language amendment

Required limited English proficient students to be instructed in English

1980s conservative backlash, national English only movement

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Prop 227 repealed 2016: Prop 58

Local districts can determine language ed programs (including dual immersion, bilingual ed)

CDE Global CA 2030 iniative 2018

“Better appreciate… diverse culture… and [prepare] them to succeed in the global economy.”

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Banking model of education (Paulo Friere)

Who has power in this image?

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Community dis/engagement model

(Inspired by Paulo Friere’s banking model of education)

Teacher

Student

Community

(Guardians, community orgs, cultural spaces, religious spaces etc.)

Maybe civic engagement?

Maybe some partnership? Cultural events?

Knowledge transfer

Diagram by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Community Teachers model

(inspired by the work of Peter C. Murrell Jr 2016, Tara Yosso 2005)

Community Teacher

Facilitator of learning spaces… learner

Student

Knowledge producers and experts of their lived experiences

Community

Community cultural knowledge, wisdom, experiences

(Guardians, community orgs, cultural spaces, religious spaces etc.)

Co-production of knowledge and action

Diagram by eunice :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Essential Question:

How can students, community members, and teachers work alongside each other to reclaim their raciolinguistic identities in order to name, question, and resist power structures?

How do we as teachers heal/transform ourselves to heal/transform alongside our communities and students? And how might we, ourselves, be transformed in that work?

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Thien-bao Thuc Phi

Excerpt from Yellowbrown Babies for the Revolution

…This is about laughing in our own language,

The language we can only create together,

The laughter we can create

If we both know what it’s like to live without it…

To know we mixed rice with bread

And ate silence,

Quietest ingredient in the melting pot,

And we lived on it-

This is about… turning up love’s volume…

I will never ask you to change your name

Your name is at home on my tongue

Do you hear me

In this land that wants us blind, dead, asleep and defeated

We have to make our own music

Becuz none of these songs have ever been for us,

For the fight inside us…

That’s the song that can’t exist

Without you

…so fill your lungs and sing

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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In this land that wants us blind, dead, asleep and defeated

We have to make our own music...

For the fight inside us

We fill our lungs and sing:

In my tongue resistance like…

In my tongue healing like…

In my tongue love like…

Sounds, feels, looks, smells, tastes

Inhale: My body knows how to resist.

Exhale: Our bodies know how to heal.

see our collective poem here!!

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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Books to start…

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Articles to read…

Translanguaging into Raciolinguistic Ideologies: A Personal Reflection on the Legacy of Ofelia Garcia by Nelson Flores 2019

Unsettling Race and Language - Rosa and Flores 2017

Heritage Language Loss of AsAm Youth by Cheryl Lee 2019

Translanguaging, Coloniality, and English Classrooms by Cati V. de los Rios and Kate Seltzer 2017

We're Not Fully Us Without Our Languages; Paula CT Sevilla & Hui-Ling Sunshine Malone 2024

The Layered Toll of Racism in Teacher Ed by Rita Kohli and Marcos Pizarro 2022

Community Teachers by Peter C. Murrell 2000

Community Cultural Wealth by Tara Yosso 2006

The Silenced Dialogue by Lisa Delpit 1988

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40

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euniceho@ucla.edu

tinyurl.com/RaciolinguisticResistance

Please give me some feedback. I put a lot of time, labor, and love into this and would love to hear how this is sitting with you all… i would love to be in dialogue with you :)

Ancestor & land acknowledgment	9:10 9:15
My raciolinguistic story	9:15-9:25
Applying Raciolinguistic Lens to CA Bilingual Ed	9:25- 9:35
Collective Poem and closing	9:35- 9:40