Session 2
Unit 1 - Promoting Health and Wellbeing
2 hours
50% of the AS qualification
Thursday 16th of May
Aim of this session:
Social and economic determinants of health and well-being
A holistic/holistic concept
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
Personal characteristics
Personal and family resilience
Lifestyle factors
Living and working conditions
Socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions
Social and community networks
Attitudes, values and beliefs towards health and well-being
Discrimination
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Personal characteristics -GEAH
Ethnic group - Lower paid work, people don't expect much from children from a minority community.
Age - Being fired or not being employed if older.
Gender - Lack of women in leadership positions, sexual violence, jobs such as caring are not valued in society.
Heredity - inherited disease, health problems, job.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Lifestyle - DAESS
Diet - Fruit and vegetables are expensive, fast food in deprived areas.
Alcohol - Cheap, drinking to manage stress, behavior.
Exercise - Cost, time, facilities, locality.
Smoking - Cost, inability to quit, access to help.
Substances - Cost, didn't realize they had a problem.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Personal and family resilience - AC
Adverse Childhood experiences - Adopting behavior and lifestyle that does not promote good health and well-being as an adult, forming harmful and unhealthy relationships, committing crime and following health behaviors that will reduce life span.
Coping with adversity - Adversity makes us better people, learning and gaining characteristics and skills that will help us overcome the difficulties ahead and become a stronger person.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Living and working conditions - Opportunities at CHEJ
Education - ACES, lack of resources - books, sleep, diet, parental attitude, private lessons, warm and safe home.
Care services – additional learning needs, lack of resources to make appointment, older people, transport, driving license, geographical location.
Jobs - individuals find it difficult to access jobs. Access to work and income promotes health because it increases people's choices about how they want to live their lives.
Housing - overcrowded housing, damp, cold, strain of paying bills, mental health.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions -APRLD
Availability of work - Reduced availability of work, labour, hazardous work
Rural nature - Travel, public transport, secluded
Poverty - Trauma and low levels of resilience are linked to economic aspects and poverty, being unemployed or on a low income significantly increases the risk of developing disease.
Disposable income - Low self-esteem, more stress, less opportunities, poorer health.
Language - Difficulty finding work, confusion, less confidence.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Social and community networks - FW
Family circles - It reduces the risk of suffering from poor health and well-being because there is no isolation or social isolation. What about a lack of public transport, not being able to drive, not using a mobile phone or the web, a busy lifestyle.
.
Wider society - Problems walking, public transport, no vehicle, fear of the local area, confidence, facilities, cost of activities/events, peer pressure.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Attitudes, values and beliefs towards health and well-being - P/N
Positive or negative attitudes
Self worth, life structure, goal, purpose, people flourishing, involvement.
Pressure, conformity, minority, strict rules - dress, food, activities, stress, bullying.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
There are 8 social and economic determinants of health and well-being.
Discrimination - BBID
Direct - Intentional, physical disability, young woman, sexual orientation.
Indirect - Working hours of a mother with young children.
By connection - A trait from another member of the family, eg Disability of a brother or sister
By perception - Assuming he has a certain characteristic, eg gay and treats differently.
P
P
L
L
S
S
A
D
An excellent response which shows:
Higher levels of education help create richer economies and have a positive impact on levels of social engagement, an important factor that creates a more cohesive, safer and healthier society.
The knowledge, personal and social skills provided through education and training can enable individuals to access information and services and use them better in order to maintain and improve their own health and the health of their family.
Living and working conditions - Opportunities at CHEJ
Education
Care services
Job
Housing
Inequality in terms of housing for example, factors such as an insufficient environment for doing homework make it difficult to participate in the teaching process.
Educational attainment is closely linked to behavior that either protects or harms health. Lower levels of educational attainment can affect many outcomes, including offending, getting a good job, earning potential and experiencing long-term illnesses or poor mental health.
The local authority will decide if needs meet the eligibility criteria for the provision of a formal care and support plan and the provision of social care services.
Online options - some not using online technology to make appointments or access the care they needed - later adulthood?
Individuals often struggle to receive the right support and a lack of support can affect the health and well-being of the whole family.
Consider how opening hours could be further expanded at the beginning and end of the day in order to meet the needs of those who work and parents with school-age children, for example, staying open later on a weekday. An option during the weekend would also be welcome.
Language was seen as a barrier, especially so for older members of the community. Participants felt it was important to have interpreters available to explain what was happening while patients were being cared for
Individuals felt that transport was a barrier to accessing hospice services and visiting people who were being cared for.
Access to work and income promotes health because it increases people's choices about how they want to live their lives. They have a sense of power and control, people have more choices in what they eat, where to live, go on holiday etc.
It promotes self-esteem, promoting resilience by giving individuals a purpose. It gives structure and order to their day
Poor houses can be cold, damp, unsafe due to poor maintenance eg of electricity, overcrowded or lack of hygiene, vermin in houses can spread disease eg rats can be dangerous to people's health.
Disease also spreads more easily where people live in overcrowded conditions eg they can catch illnesses such as stomach aches and flu more easily.
Housing also affects health and social well-being. For example, living in high-rise apartments without gardens makes it harder for children to interact with others through play.
Poor housing and indoor environments cause, or contribute to, many preventable diseases and injuries such as respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular diseases and cancer
Also, people living in substandard housing are less likely to invite friends over. Conversely, good houses can encourage social contact as adults and children will invite others into their home.
Poor housing is associated with high levels of mental health problems, particularly depression. Living in inadequate housing can have a detrimental effect on self-esteem as individuals can feel embarrassed or ashamed of their homes and living in overcrowded conditions often means that individuals experience stress due to lack of privacy.
A holistic/holistic concept
WHOLE/ HOLISTIC concepts of health and well-being and the factors that contribute to them.�
The holistic/holistic concept of health treats the whole person, focusing on the mind, body, emotions and spirit.
A person can achieve optimal health by having the right balance in life.
Some believe that all parts of the body are interdependent and if one is not working properly, then the rest are not working properly.
Good health and well-being are interdependent on five factors:
So every element of the person is considered when looking at the holistic concept (Hollistic approach)
I'M ACTIVE -
Physical activity helps mental concentration.
Physical activity linked to social interaction.
Physical activity is linked to self-esteem.
Physical activity can create the right environment mentally
I DO THINGS THAT MAKE ME HAPPY-
Confidence to interact and participate in activities.
It helps make sense of life experiences.
It supports the resilience of an individual
I ENGAGE WITH MY COMMUNITY AND CONTRIBUTE TO IT
It involves engaging with other people.
Contributing to the community produces positive emotions such as happiness and also promotes personal values.
It gives individuals the confidence to be able to volunteer which builds self-esteem and promotes mental well-being.
I BELONG
Sharing values and religion helps people meet.
It produces positive emotions, eg Stability.
Activities such as yoga, meditation and mindfulness improve health and well-being.
It helps self-awareness which supports good mental health and well-being
Interdependence is key, eg Good physical health promotes good mental health. Similarly, good mental health supports motivation, meaning that a person will be more likely to exercise. So this promotes good physical health.
I'M HAPPY
Supporting good sleep which promotes health and well-being.
It helps develop and maintain positive relationships.
It produces emotions such as hope, optimism and a positive attitude
Physical
Emotional
Social
Spiritual
Intellectual
Holistic