Quizz N1:Digital objects and their hardware

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https://pixees.fr/classcode-v2/classcode-informatics-and-digital-creation-online-free-open-course/

The "von Neumann" architecture has not evolved much since the first computers were built. But how do we characterise it?

Tick the three statements that are true.

1 point

Von Neumann architecture is based on three basic components: a control unit, an arithmetic logic unit and the memory.

This architecture is entirely inspired by that of the human brain.

The central processing unit (CPU) is made up of a control unit that organises the sequence of program instructions and an arithmetic logic unit that executes those instructions.

Since a program is stored in the memory, it can be modified by another program that treats it as data.

The Von Neumann architecture model has not evolved since it was invented.

Would it be possible to equip the entire education system with Raspberry-Pi in IT rooms? *

There are undoubtedly some obstacles to this idea: it would require more intense collective technical training than that needed for ready-for-use consumer products, it comes up against the financial interests of the big computer companies, and it would require more work on the part of staff than ready-for-use products.However, of all the arguments in favour of this idea, which of the following are true (one is false):

1 point

It would save huge amounts of money to deploy the hardware.

Raspberry Pi is powerful enough to run all current software (video editing, CAD, simulation, etc.).

It is really easy to learn how to use it: it takes less than a hour once you have the hardware.

It demonstrates that computing is developing more in the direction of connected objects like this than that of simple computers.

It demonstrates the possibilities of using recycled hardware, so it is also a socially- and environmentally-responsible thing to do.

It's a great way of lifting the lid to see what goes on inside a computer, rather than just blindly consuming products.

Required

What does HMI stand for? *

Note that you need to tick more than one answer.

1 point

Human-Machine Interface

Human-Machine Interaction

Human-Machine Intervention

Human-Machine Internet

Required

Briefly, what does an operating system do? *

Select the answer that you might give your car mechanic or florist.

1 point

It's the software layer that, among other things, makes the computer's hardware components and micro-programs clear to applications so that only the logic aspects of the software need to be specified.

It's the thing that operates a computer.

In a smartphone or a computer, it's just the software that links together the applications and the hardware used. In a smartphone or a computer, it's just the software that links together the applications and the hardware used.

It's a software program specific to computers, it's become redundant in smartphones since they are application-based, so there's no need to tell my car mechanic or the florist what it is.

There's a lot of talk about algorithmic transparency, for example in relation to further education admissions systems, or voting systems. *

How complex is this requirement?

1 point

Making a developer's source code public goes against the intellectual property laws, it should remain secret, like patents.

It's simple, all program source codes should be made public.

Source codes should be published, but it's also necessary to publish an analysis of them to explain how they work.

It's not complex at all. In any case, an algorithm behaves in a more or less unpredictable fashion, so the whole concept of "open-source code" is an illusion.

Open-source software is defined on the basis of four "fundamental freedoms", together with other resulting freedoms. *

Tick the four principles on which the initiative is based.

1 point

The freedom to execute software code to do anything you want with it.

The freedom to obtain any help and assistance you might need to use it.

The freedom to examine how the software functions.

The freedom to distribute software, including to sell it.

The freedom to distribute software, but only if it is free of charge.

The freedom to distribute software, but only under the same license.

The freedom to modify software, before redistributing it.

Required

Protection of privacy is a fundamental right (Article 9 of the French Civil Code). But if that is the case, why can we put certain personal data out there in the public space? *

With all our digital data, these have become serious questions that affect more and more people. What does European law say on the issue?

1 point

The law says nothing, in any case, freedom of speech and the right to privacy are irreconcilable in practice.

Case law in this area is mainly based on the fact that data contributes to a debate in the public interest (process, politics, etc.). Case law in this area is mainly based on the fact that data contributes to a debate in the public interest (process, politics, etc.).

The law is based on the concept of what it means to be a public legal person or not, a public legal person is no longer covered under Article 9.

In fact, the law applies completely differently in digital space.

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