Level 2 Anatomy & Physiology Quiz 4

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Which of the following describes neutral spine alignment? *

1 point

When the spine is in neutral alignment there is a mild S-shaped curve

When the spine is in neutral there is natural kyphosis of the lumbar and cervical spine

When the spine is in neutral alignment there is an emphasised S-shaped curve

When the spine is in a neutral there is natural lordosis of the thoracic and sacral spine

A deep muscle located anterior to the spine is the *

1 point

External Oblique

Transverse Abdominis

Erector Spinae

Rectus abdominis

Which of the following explains the importance of minerals in the process of bone growth? *

1 point

Sodium is the most important mineral during the process of bone growth

Calcium is the most important mineral during the process of bone growth

Magnesium is the most important mineral during the process of bone growth

Iron is the most important mineral during the process of bone growth

Which of the following describes a function of the skeleton? *

1 point

Calcium is stored in the bone marrow

The skeletal structures produce vital water-soluble vitamins

Short bones act as the levers for movement

The skeletal structures offer protection to the vital organs

Which of the following describes the function of the aorta? *

1 point

It carries oxygenated blood to the heart

It carries oxygenated blood to the body

It carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs

It carries deoxygenated blood to the heart

Which of the following describes the trachea? *

1 point

It is the hollow tube that connects the larynx to the bronchioles

It is a hollow tube made of cancellous bone

It is a hollow tube made of compact bone

It is the hollow tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi

Which of the following describes the action of the rectus abdominis when it contracts concentrically? *

1 point

The muscle shortens to produce flexion of the spine

The muscle lengthens to produce extension of the spine

The muscle lengthens to produce flexion of the spine

The muscle shortens to produce extension of the spine

Which of the following describes the 'all-or-none' law? *

1 point

An action potential will maximally innervate a percentage of muscle fibres within every motor unit

An action potential will maximally innervate all muscle fibres within a single motor unit

An action potential will maximally innervate a percentage of muscle fibres within a single motor unit

An action potential will maximally innervate all muscle fibres within every motor unit

Which of the following describes the curves of the spine? *

1 point

The lumbar spine has a natural inward curve

The thoracic spine has a natural inward curve

The lumbar spine has a natural outward curve

The cervical spine has a natural outward curve

Which of the following describes the basic stucture of skeletal muscle? *

1 point

Skeletal muscles attach to bones via ligaments

The epimysium is a connective tissue that surrounds the sarcomere

Myosin and actin are the myofilaments within the sarcomere

Skeletal muscles consist of 50% water and 50% protein

Which of the following describes gaseous exchange? *

1 point

Oxygen in the pulmonary capillaries diffuses into the alveoli to be expelled

Oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the pulmonary capillaries to be circulated around the body

Carbon dioxide diffuses from the pulmonary capillaries to be circulated around the body

Carbon dioxide diffuses from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries to be expelled

Which of the following statements about the structure of long bones is true? *

1 point

They store calcium in the medullary cavity at their centre

The two ends of the long bone are the diaphysis

They are covered by a connective tissue called the periosteum

The main bone shaft of a long bone is the epiphysis

Which of the following statements about joint classification is true? *

1 point

The thumb is an example of a cartilaginous joint

The knee is an example of a cartilaginous joint

The ankle is an example of a freely moveable joint

The lumbar spine is an example of a synovial joint

Which of the following is an example of a long bone? *

1 point

Patella

Clavicle

Phalanges

Carpals

Which of the following is a superficial muscle located posterior to the femur? *

1 point

Hamstrings

Soleus

Adductors

Quadriceps

Which of the following describes the range of motion available at a synovial joint? *

1 point

Flexion and extension are movements available at hinge joints

Abduction and adduction are movements available at hinge joints

Flexion and extension are movements available at pivot joints

Abduction and adduction are movements available at pivot joints

Which of the following statements about the structure of the heart is true? *

1 point

The ventricles have less muscular walls

The atria have more muscular walls

The ventricles are the largest chambers

The atria are largest chambers

Which of the following describes how exercise can enhance neuromuscular connections? *

1 point

It can improve the synchronous recruitment of motor units

It can increase the number of small motor units

It can reduce the speed of nerve impulses

It can increase the number of large motor units

Which of the following describes a principle of muscle contraction? *

1 point

Muscles work in isolation to create movement

During muscle work, both the agonist and antagonist contract

During muscle contraction, it is only the origin of the muscle that moves

Muscles can only pull on bones to create movement

Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle? *

1 point

Assists digestion

Generates heat

Prevents stability

Restricts movement

How does fluid intake aid the digestive process? *

1 point

It helps to reduce constipation

It optimises the function of the kidneys

It assists the contraction of muscles

It helps to regulate blood pressure

Which of the following gases diffuse into the alveoli to be expelled by the lungs? *

1 point

Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Which of the following should be encouraged with post-natal clients when first returning to exercise? *

1 point

Strengthening pelvic floor muscles

High-impact training

Full sit-ups

Heavy resistance training

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of synovial joints? *

1 point

Ligaments attach bone to bone

Muscles move joints via ligament attachment

The articular cartilage provides lubrication

The synovial membrane prevents excessive movement

The creatine phosphate energy system is used for *

1 point

instantaneous bursts of activity lasting for just a few seconds

very quick bursts of high-intensity activity, lasting on average less than a minute

sustained activity lasting more than 90 s

longer duration activities and exercise involving maximum efforts

Which of the following are part of the pulmonary circulatory system? *

1 point

The right ventricle and the aorta

The right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries

The left ventricle and the aorta

The left ventricle and the pulmonary arteries

Which of the following is a muscle associated with the pelvic floor? *

1 point

Iliopsoas

Gluteals

Erector spinae

Coccygeus

Which of the following describes the movement potential and joint actions of the shoulder girdle? *

1 point

Internal and external rotation are movements of the shoulder girdle

Pronation and supination are movements of the shoulder girdle

Flexion and extension are movements of the shoulder girdle

Retraction and protraction are movements of the shoulder girdle

Which of the following statements about the nervous system is true? *

1 point

Voluntary movement is controlled by the somatic nervous system

The 'fight-or-flight' response is controlled by the parasympathetic system

Involuntary movement is controlled by the somatic nervous system

Rest and relaxation are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following describes how blood moves through the four chambers of the heart? *

1 point

Deoxygenated blood from the left atria moves to the right ventricle

Oxygenated blood from the left atria moves to the left ventricle

Oxygenated blood from the left atria moves to the right ventricle

Deoxygenated blood from the left atria moves to the left ventricle

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