Episode 133: Human Dx Unknown with Arsalan & Case Western residents

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Episode 133: Human Dx Unknown with Arsalan & Case Western residents – Syncope

You evaluate a 62-year-old male patient, who unexpectedly blacked out two hours ago. He recalls nothing unusual before the episode and denies any prodromal symptoms. After regaining consciousness, he found himself on the floor confused. Upon clinical examination you notice a lateral tongue laceration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Decreased brain perfusion due to aortic stenosis

Hypoglycemic episode

Vasovagal syncope

Seizure

Clear selection

A 60-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with altered mental status. His blood pressure is 135/95 mm Hg, weight 82 kg. Examination reveals no evidence of edema or ascites and normal skin turgor. Laboratory results are as follows: Serum creatinine: 0.8 mg/dl (0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL), Sodium: 123 mEq/L (low) (135 -145 mEql/L),Osmolality: 272 mOsm/kg (low) (280-290 mOsm/kg), Uosm: 62 mOsm/kg, UNa: 18 mEq/L. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the hyponatremia?

The hyponatremia is likely a laboratory artifact

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Beer drinkers potomania

Chronic kidney disease

Clear selection

Macrocytic Anemia is associated with all of the following EXCEPT

Liver disease

Alcohol use

Thyroid disease

Chronic kidney disease

Clear selection

Which of the following is NOT a mimicker of syncope?

Seizures

Hypoglycemic episodes

Decreased brain perfusion due to aortic stenosis

Transient-ischemic attacks

Clear selection

Laboratory test results that may be associated with hereditary haemochromatosis are… (Select 2)

Unexplained liver function test abnormalities

Low serum ferritin

Low transferrin saturation

HFE gene mutation

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