RS Pathology

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RS Pathology

**Decreased ratio of FEV to FVC indicates : *

1 point

Obstructive disease

Restrictive disease

**Primarily affects the Acinus? *

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A. Chronic bronchites

B. Bronchiolitis

C. Bronchiectasis

D. Emphysema

One of the following pairs between the emphysema type and its feature is wrongly matched? *

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a. Panacinar emphysema: affects upper lung zones.

b. Panacinar emphysema: associated with alphal -anti-trypsin deficiency.

c. Centriacinar emphysema: most common type in cigarette smokers.

d. Distal acinar emphysema: present with spontaneous pneumothorax.

e. Irregular emphysema: clinically asymptomatic and associated with scarring.

A 58-year-old man with ischemic heart disease undergoes coronary artery bypass graft surgery under general anesthesia. Two days postoperatively, he experiences increasing respiratory difficulty with decreasing arterial oxygen saturation. On physical examination, his heart rate is regular at 78/min, respirations are 25/min, and blood pressure is 135/85 mmHg. The hemoglobin concentration has remained unchanged, at 13.7 g/dL, since surgery. After he coughs up a large amount of mucoid sputum, his condition improves. Which of the following types of atelectasis does he most likely have?
*

1 point

A) Compression

B) Contraction

C) Resorption

Considering the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis, one of the following is incorrect?

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a. Initiating factor is exposure to irritating substances (90% smokers).

b. Mucus hypersecretion is a late feature beginning in the large airways.

c. Infections does not initiate chronic bronchitis but producing acute exacerbations.

d. Cigarette smoke increasing the risk of infection.

E- Histamine and IL-13 are involved in submucosal gland hypertrophy.

A 59-year-old man has a history of excessive smoking. For the past 5 years, he has had a cough productive of copious amounts of mucoid sputum for over 3 months at a time. He has had multiple episodes pneumonia, last one complicated by septicemia and he died. At autopsy, his bronchi microscopically revealed Reid index of 0.8. Which of the following diagnoses is likely to explain his clinical course?
*

1 point

a. Bronchial Asthma

b. Chronic bronchitis.

c. Bronchiectasis.

d. Squamous cell carcinoma.

e. Centiacinar emphysema.

Which of the following is wrong regarding chronic bronchits:
*

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A) Caused by air pollutants

B) May be manifested by wheezing

C) Obstructive bronchitis manifest as blue bloaters

D) Significant airway obstruction results in almost always complicated by chronic bronchiolitis

A 40-year-old man, non-smoker, presented with increasing dyspnea for the past 5 years, the disease involves mainly the lower lung lobe, pulmonary function test showed an obstructive pattern, A lung biopsy showed enlarged air spaces and destruction of alveolar wall without fibrosis, what is the most likely cause of this disease?
*

1 point

A) Type-1 IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction

B) Genetic abnormality resulting in primary ciliary dyskinesia

C) Reduced anti-elastase activity

D) Mucus hypersecretion and outflow obstruction

E) poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma

All the following are true about chronic bronchitis except:
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A- hypersecretion of mucus

B- airflow obstruction

C- obesity

D- inflammation with eosinophils

A 50 years old man come to your clinic with produtive cough, he is a heavy smoker and diagnosed with chronic bronchitis, what the complication that may cause death to this patient
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A- left sided heart failure

B- cor pulmonale

C- pulmonary hypotension

D- pnumothorax

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