1. 
   1. **Habit** – something you do often, usually every day.
      *(Example: Brushing your teeth every night is a good habit.)*
   
   2. **Fast food** – food that is made quickly, usually not very healthy.
      *(Example: Pizza, hamburgers, and fries are fast food.)*
   
   3. **Exercise** – activity to make your body strong and healthy.
      *(Example: Running, swimming, and walking are exercise.)*
   
   4. **Health** – the condition of your body and mind.
      *(Example: Good health means feeling well and strong.)*
   
   5. **Illness** – when your body or mind is not healthy.
      *(Example: The flu is an illness.)*
   
   6. **Prevent** – to stop something bad before it happens.
      *(Example: Washing your hands helps prevent illness.)*
   
   7. **Information** – facts or details about something.
      *(Example: The teacher gives us information about food.)*
   
   8. **Bad habits** – things you do often that are not good for your health.
      *(Example: Smoking is a bad habit.)*
   
   
   

Cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks, hypertension, etc.)

Rheumatism, arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Tumor diseases

Endocrine system diseases and metabolic disorders.

Respiratory system disorders (smoking, bronchitis, asthma, etc.)

Digestive system disorders

Diseases of the reproductive and urinary systems.

Skin diseases.

Mental and nervous system disorders (depression, anxiety, etc.)

Injuries caused by domestic, work or traffic accidents.

One, two, _______, four
Ooh-ooh, ooh-ooh-ooh

Every ________ you come around, you know I can't say no
Every _________ the sun goes down, I let you take control
I can feel the paradise before my world implodes
And tonight had something ___________

My bad habits lead to late nights ending alone
Conversations with a stranger I barely know
Swearing this will be the _____, but it 

probably won't
I got nothing left to lose, or use, or do

My bad habits lead to ____ eyes stare into space
And I know I lose control of the ______ that I say
Yeah, I was _______ for a way out, now I can't escape
Nothing ________ after two, it's true, it's true
My bad habits lead to you

Ooh-ooh, ooh-ooh-ooh
My bad habits lead to you
Ooh-ooh, ooh-ooh-ooh
My bad habits lead to you

Every pure intention _____ when the good times start
Falling over _________ to reach the first time's spark
It started under neon lights, and then it all got dark
I only know how to go too far.

We've already seen the most common diseases. Currently, there are a number of habits that make some diseases more prevalent than others, and their incidence, and of course their mortality, could be greatly reduced if some behaviors were replaced with healthier ones. Among those that are harmful, we highlight:

• Smoking and other drug addictions: Tobacco use negatively impacts lung disease, the rise in various types of cancer, and cardiovascular disease. This is probably the most harmful habit, given the number of people who smoke worldwide. There are other addictive substances that are increasingly common among young people, affecting various organs in the body.

• Bad eating habits: In general, in developed countries, we overeat. Furthermore, we overindulge in animal fats and proteins, and our diets lack the necessary vitamins and fiber, mainly found in fruits and vegetables, which negatively impacts our health.

• Sedentary lifestyle: Regular daily exercise is essential to maintain a healthy circulatory system and proper heart function.

• Stress: We must avoid continuous stress, since the possibility of suffering from heart and vascular diseases increases enormously when suffering from these types of situations..

• Driving incorrectly: One of the leading causes of death among young people is traffic accidents. However, most accidents could be avoided with careful behavior and adherence to the rules. Fortunately, the number of deaths from this cause has been declining in recent years, despite the significant increase in the number of vehicles and travel.

• Risky sexual practices: Fortunately, in developed countries, the most feared sexually transmitted disease, AIDS, is on the decline. However, we cannot be careless in this regard, as infections through heterosexual intercourse are increasing, as is the incidence of other sexually transmitted diseases that, although less dangerous, are becoming more common.

• Exposure to radiation: Radiation increases the risk of cancer. Most diagnostic methods currently used, such as ultrasound, are completely harmless. However, other methods carry some risk, but the benefits are greater, such as X-rays and radiotherapy treatments.

• Other factors, such as excessive sun exposure without protection, can be harmful. In fact, skin cancer is one of the types that has increased the most in recent years; therefore, we must take every possible precaution in this regard.

• Pepa is 75 years old and lives with her family. Her daily routine consists of helping with housework. In the afternoons, she falls asleep watching soap operas, and at night, she struggles to sleep, so she takes pills recommended by a neighbor. She suffers from frequent headaches, so her sister-in-law recommended some red pills. To compensate for the mentioned pills, she takes a gastric protector without having to go to the doctor. She also suffers from osteoarthritis, and she takes yellow pills recommended by a friend who is a retired clinic assistant.

• Victor is 45 years old and works in an office, both morning and afternoon. He gets up at 8:00 a.m. and has a coffee with milk for breakfast. Mid-morning, he has a Red-Bull and a Donut in the cafeteria. Before lunch, he makes himself a snack and has two or three beers. At 3:00 p.m., he has his meal with two glasses of wine and returns to work. In the evening, a few times a week he goes out for drinks with friends to relief the stress of work and returns home at 7:00 p.m. He sleeps briefly before dinner and wakes up feeling very thirsty, so before dinner he has a small beer or a non-alcoholic beer and. On weekends, he goes out with his wife and several other couples, so they drink a little more than usual. He doesn't smoke because he quit five years ago and hasn't tried since.

• Lourdes is a 18-year-old teenager. She's in high school. She skips breakfast because she is not hungry early in the morning. She has a snack mid-morning at the school, she doesn't have time to prepare anything at home so her parents give her 2 euros for a Bollycao or Napolitana. At lunchtime, she eats little because she doesn't like stews (potajes). For desert she has a protein chocolate yogurt or something similar. She doesn't have a snack or has a piece of fruit, sometimes if she gets hungry she has cookies, if not she buys chips at the kiosk. At night, she has a small sandwich and low-fat yogurt. She's happy because she's 1.70 meters tall and weighs 53 kg. She goes twice a week to the gym but on weekends, she goes longer to the gym to exercise a lot during the day and then she goes out with friends to drink and to dance at night, she drinks Vodka with Red Bull.

• Sergio is a 14-year-old boy. He's a bit of a computer guru. When he gets home from school, he does his homework and spends the rest of the afternoon playing video games online with friends or in Social Media platforms until dinnertime. He has a YouTube channel and Tik Tok. He has 3000 followers. He loves pastries and dairy products. He weighs 80 kg and is 1.69 m tall. His mother says that when he grow up, he'll become very slim and tall.

Verse 1
Something’s got a _______ of me lately
No, I don’t _______ myself anymore
Feels like the _______ are all closing in
And the devil’s _______ at my door

Chorus
I lose _______
When you’re not next to _______
I’m falling _______ right in front of you, can’t you see?
I lose control
When you’re not next to me
Yeah, you’re breaking my _______, baby
You make a _______ of me

Verse 2
Problematic
Problem is I want your _______ like a _______
Bad habit’s hard to _______ when I’m with you
Yeah, I know, I could do it on my own, but I want
That real full moon black _______ and it takes two

Chorus (repeat)
I lose control
When you’re not here with me
I’m falling apart right in front of you, can’t you see?
I lose control
When you’re not here with me
Yeah, you’re breaking my heart, baby
You make a mess of me

• hold of me = control over me

• break = stop doing something

• magic = something mysterious or powerful

• habit = something you do again and again

• apart = not together / broken

1. What do you think the song is about?

2. How does the singer feel when the other person is not with him?

3. What words or phrases show strong emotions in the song?

4. Do you think this song is happy or sad? Why?

1. Have you ever missed someone very much? Who?

2. What do you usually do when you feel lonely?

3. Is it good or bad to depend so much on another person? Why?

4. What makes a healthy relationship, in your opinion?

1. The singer says “I lose control.” What makes you “lose control”? (for example: stress, love, anger…)

2. The song says “bad habit.” What’s a bad habit you would like to break?

3. What’s a good habit you have now?

4. Can you think of a “magic” moment in your life — something very special or unforgettable?

1. Choose one line from the song and explain what you think it means.

2. How do you feel when you listen to this song — relaxed, sad, emotional, excited?

3. Would you recommend this song to a friend? Why or why not?

A habit is an acquired routine or pattern of behavior that living beings—both humans and animals—perform repeatedly. When a behavior is repeated consistently, it becomes almost automatic, often requiring little conscious thought. Habits shape much of our daily lives and influence our health, productivity, and personal development. They can be beneficial, helping us maintain balance and well-being, or detrimental, interfering with our growth and overall quality of life.

The educational process plays a fundamental role in the formation of habits. From early childhood, it is important to guide individuals in acquiring positive habits that will serve them throughout life. Examples of good habits include:

• Hygiene habits: brushing teeth, washing hands regularly, taking showers regulary.

• Health habits: eating nutritious foods, exercising, getting enough sleep.

• Study habits: organizing time effectively, completing tasks systematically, reviewing material regularly.

• Social and emotional habits: being polite, listening actively, expressing emotions constructively, helping others.

When these behaviors are practiced consistently, they become automatic and form the foundation for a healthy and balanced life. Even if circumstances later prevent the direct practice of these habits, they remain a resource to draw upon during stressful or challenging situations.

However, not all habits are beneficial. Some behaviors, though repeated and familiar, can become harmful and lead to dependency, affecting both physical and mental health. Understanding dependency helps distinguish between normal routines and behaviors that may create serious problems.

Dependency is a physical or emotional need triggered by certain substances or activities. It occurs when the body or mind adapts to a repeated stimulus, and stopping it causes withdrawal symptoms. Examples of dependency include:

• Substance-based dependency:

  • Nicotine addiction: smokers often develop tolerance, requiring more cigarettes to achieve the same effect. Withdrawal can cause irritability, anxiety, and cravings.

  • Alcohol dependency: regular drinking may alter brain chemistry, leading to physical dependence and serious withdrawal symptoms such as tremors or nausea.

• Behavioral dependency:

  • Compulsive gaming: spending excessive hours playing video games can interfere with school, work, and relationships.

  • Shopping addiction: persistent need to buy items leads to financial problems and emotional distress.

  • Overeating or binge eating: frequent consumption of unhealthy foods can cause both physical health issues and emotional dependency.

When dependency becomes severe, it can evolve into addiction, a complex psychological disorder. Addiction is characterized by an internal conflict between what a person knows they should do and what they feel compelled to do. This conflict generates intense anxiety, guilt, and frustration. People suffering from addiction often experience:

• Low self-esteem and insecurity: repeated failure to control behavior diminishes confidence.

• Emotional instability: feelings of shame, guilt, and helplessness become frequent.

• Secretive behavior: hiding habits, lying, or leading a “double life” to avoid judgment.

• Erosion of values and priorities: relationships, work, and education may be neglected as the addictive behavior becomes central.

Addiction can severely impact personal, social, and professional life. Over time, the individual may experience social isolation, financial difficulties, and health problems. Emotional maturity is often impaired, making it harder for the person to regain control without external support, such as therapy, counseling, or social assistance.

In contrast, cultivating good habits reinforces resilience, self-control, and well-being. For example:

• Morning routines: waking up early, exercising, and eating a healthy breakfast sets a positive tone for the day.

• Mindfulness practices: meditation or journaling can reduce stress and strengthen emotional regulation.

• Consistent study habits: regular review and practice improve learning and reduce last-minute stress.

In conclusion, habits play a central role in human life. While good habits support health, productivity, and personal fulfillment, harmful habits can lead to dependency and addiction, disrupting physical and mental balance. Recognizing the difference between routine behavior and harmful dependency is essential. Education, self-awareness, and supportive environments help foster beneficial habits, prevent negative patterns, and promote long-term well-being.

Answer the questions in complete sentences:

1. What is a habit?

2. Why is it important to learn good habits from an early age?

3. What happens when a person has a dependence?

4. How does addiction affect a person’s feelings and behavior?

5. What are some problems that addiction can cause?

Word Bank:
habit – dependence – addiction – withdrawal – educational – well-being – behaviors

1. Living beings, both animals and humans, repeat the same __________ over and over again.

2. The __________ process includes training in the acquisition of good habits.

3. Good habits are important for our health and __________.

4. __________ is a physical or emotional need triggered by certain substances or activities.

5. When the body stops using a substance it depends on, it can show __________ symptoms.

6. __________ is a psychological illness caused by negative dependence.

7. From an early age, it is important to repeat and learn positive __________.

A. Discussion Questions:

1. Did you want to learn to drive? Why or why not?

2. Is driving easy or difficult for beginners?

3. What things must a new driver learn?

Use these words:
park – turn – slow down – petrol – reverse – brake – traffic light – roundabout – speed – tyre

1. Be careful! ______ !

2. Stop at the red ______.

3. I have a flat ______.

4. I need to put ______ in my car.

5. It’s difficult to ______ here.

6. ______ left at the corner.

7. The car is too fast, ______!

8. You must reduce your ______.

9. Go around the ______.

10. I need to ______ the car to leave the parking space.

Listen and repeat

Teacher points and students react:

En parejas hacen miniacciones con tarjetas:

Instructor: Slow down.
Driver: OK.

Tarjetas sugeridas:

• Start the car

• Stop

• Turn left

• Turn right

• Go straight

• Slow down

• Park the car

• Speed up

Instructor: Start the car.

Driver: OK.
Instructor: Go straight.
Driver: Sure.
Instructor: Turn right.
Driver: OK.
Instructor: Slow down!
Driver: Sorry.
Instructor: Good job!

Plantilla para que sigan:

• Start the car.

• etc
• 
  
• 
  

• OK.

• Sure.

• Sorry.

• Thank you!

Roles:

• Student A: learner driver

• Student B: instructor

Lista completa para el rol:

• Start the car

• Stop

• Turn left / right

• Go straight

• Slow down

• Speed up

• Change lane

• Follow the road

• Park the car

• Look in the mirror

• Be careful!

• Good job!

8. Paso 8 — Extensión (opcional)

Mini-misión:

🅰️ Drive to the supermarket
🅱️ Drive to school
🅲️ Drive to the gas station

El instructor da órdenes necesarias para llegar.

B. Writing Task:

Write 5–6 sentences: 'Write about your first time learning something new. Was it difficult? How did you feel? Did you make mistakes?'

Today, traffic accidents are a very big problem in many modern countries. They are one of the main causes of death, especially for young people. There are several reasons for this. Many young people now get their first car at a very early age. They enjoy driving, but they do not have a lot of experience on the road. Because of this, they sometimes make dangerous mistakes. Some young drivers also have a more relaxed or even a careless attitude when they drive, which can create risky situations.

Many serious accidents happen at night, especially in places where there are bars, clubs, or other places to drink alcohol. These accidents often involve young people who are driving home late at night. At these times, there is usually less traffic, so people drive faster and pay less attention. It is also important to remember that visibility at night is much worse than during the day. Drivers cannot see clearly, and this makes it easier to lose control of the car.

Alcohol is another big problem. Some young people drink alcohol or take other drugs when they go out with friends. After that, they think they can still drive safely, but this is not true. Alcohol and drugs make it harder to make good decisions, react quickly, and stay focused on the road. Because of all these reasons, nighttime driving can be very dangerous.

To prevent accidents, it is important for young people to understand the risks. They should avoid driving after drinking and try to learn good driving habits. If they do this, roads can become much safer for everyone.

1. Why is it dangerous to drive after drinking?

2. Why is night driving more difficult?

3. What can young drivers do to stay safe?

Statements:

• “Young drivers are more dangerous than older drivers.”

• “Night driving should be illegal for new drivers.”

• “Alcohol should be illegal under 21 years old.”

• “Driving fast is the biggest problem for young people.”

Goal: Expressing and justifying opinions.

Preguntas de predicción. Before reading the text TALK TO YOUR PARTNER ABOUT THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

• Do you think road accidents in Spain have increased or decreased in recent years? Why?

A major challenge for our society is to try to mitigate these consequences as much as possible, and to achieve this, we must act in every possible way. It's true that vehicles today enjoy safety measures that were unimaginable until recently. It's also true that roads are becoming better and safer. Furthermore, media campaigns are aimed at raising public awareness of the scale of the problem and encouraging people to be increasingly cautious. However, preventive measures are not enough, although they have been shown to have an effect.

The number of road deaths has decreased by at least 20% since the implementation of the points-based license. And since the reform of the Penal Code, which includes as a crime what was previously considered a mere misdemeanor, such as reckless driving or driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. We must note that this has led to a considerable reduction in the number of victims per year. The integration of Road Safety Education into the curriculum taught in schools has been another key aspect in preventing and reducing the number of accidents. In collaboration with city councils and local police, awareness-raising and informational activities are being carried out. Talks and seminars are also regularly held with the participation of specialized healthcare personnel, who provide information about the effects of accidents and how to respond in the event of one.

• According to data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT), in 2024 there were 1,154 deaths on Spanish roads. InSpain.news+2El País+2

• In 2023 the number was slightly lower: 1,145 people died in 1,048 fatal accidents. Thursday Daily Bulletin+1

• Most of these tragedies happen on conventional (rural or secondary) roads — in 2023, 74 % of fatalities occurred on conventional roads. Thursday Daily Bulletin+1

• Vulnerable road users — such as motorcyclists, cyclists, scooter riders and pedestrians — have an increasing weight in the statistics. For example, in 2023 there was a 9 % increase in fatalities among vulnerable users compared to 2022. Thursday Daily Bulletin+1

These figures show that, despite decades of improvements, road safety in Spain remains a critical public-health and social challenge.

Even with legal, educational, and infrastructural improvements, many accidents are still caused by human behaviors. Recent analyses show that the main causes of serious accidents in 2025 remain:

• Excessive or inappropriate speed. t2siberica.com+1

• Distractions — for example, mobile phones, other distractions inside the car or fatigue. t2siberica.com

• Alcohol or drug consumption. t2siberica.com+1

Moreover, among drivers who died in 2024 and were analysed toxicologically, 48.2 % tested positive for alcohol, drugs or psychotropic substances. mJusticia

In urban areas, there are also worrying numbers: in 2025, there were 66,545 traffic incidents in cities, resulting in 488 deaths and over 5,000 serious injuries. DGT Vulnerable users — pedestrians, cyclists, scooter or moped riders, motorcyclists — represent a large majority of victims in urban traffic. DGT

This shows that safety depends not only on good cars and good roads, but also — perhaps mainly — on responsible behavior and awareness.

In response to these ongoing issues, Spain has adopted new strategies and continues to reinforce road safety policies:

• Under the Road Safety Strategy 2030, the goal is to reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries by 50 % by 2030. Seguridad Vial 2030+1

• The focus will include better protection for vulnerable users (motorcyclists, pedestrians, cyclists), stricter enforcement of speed limits, restrictions on alcohol and drug use, and campaigning against distractions while driving. Seguridad Vial 2030+2InSpain.news+2

• The authorities also emphasize education: not only through school curricula (starting at youth), but via public campaigns, seminars with healthcare professionals, road-safety courses for license recovery, and community-based programs coordinated with municipalities and local police. MPT+1

Still, despite these efforts, the road death toll remains too high. In 2024 Spain recorded its highest mortality in six years, even if the number of accidents was slightly smaller. Cadena SER+1

• Each time we get behind the wheel — even for a short trip — we contribute to overall risk. Good safety habits (seat-belt / helmet, no alcohol or drugs, no distraction) make a difference.

• For society: reducing road deaths means preserving lives, families, health-care resources, and avoiding long-term disabilities.

• Education and awareness — through schools, workplaces, community groups — remain indispensable to build a culture of shared responsibility.

• Supporting and demanding better infrastructure, clear signage, safe roads, and policies to protect pedestrians and cyclists is part of civil engagement.