Within the allegedly secular context of Western societies, the concept of “cultural Catholicism” refers to an emerging interpretation of Catholicism as culture rather than religion. While this shift may signal a waning of traditional belief, it also reflects active processes of culturalization of religion driven by diverse social actors. Beyond examining how, by whom, and why this culturalization occurs, “cultural Catholicism” raises deeper questions about how religious traditions are perceived, transmitted, and lived within the plural and secular landscapes of Western societies.