The ESB HORSE BREEDING QUIZ (Level 1)

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We never stop learning. Testing ourselves on how much we know is a good way to find out what else we need to learn. Here are more than 30 questions about the Anatomy & Physiology of the horses reproductive system and breeding. Growing our knowledge is how we can help our horses even more. Good luck!

First name *

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1. The choice of parentage contributes to the genetic makeup or genotype of the foal and ultimately creates a range of attributes.
*

TRUE

FALSE

2. Characteristics with proven genetic links include: *

Colour

Bone

Constitution, strength and stamina

Performance

Fertility

Movement and agility

Jumping Ability – technique and bascule

Conformation and soundness

Temperament – trainability and responsiveness

All of the above

None of the above

Required

3. List six parts of the mares reproductive anatomy. *

4. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is produced by follicles in the ovary in the mare. *

TRUE

FALSE

5. Lutenising Hormone (LH) is produced by the anterior pituitary in the brain and causes ovulation. *

TRUE

FALSE

6. If pregnancy occurs, the corpus luteum continues to produce the hormone (XXX) to maintain the pregnancy. What is the hormone XXX? *

7. If pregnancy does not occur, then the uterus produces a hormone (XXX) which results in the reduction of the vitality of the corpus luteum and the cycle commences all over again. What is the hormone XXX?
*

8. The physiology of the mares oestrus cycle is controlled by fluctuating levels of hormones, which are activated by Spring conditions with increasing levels of THREE FACTORS. What are they? *

9. At the beginning and the end of the breeding season, mares have Spring and Summer heats (oestrus cycles) which can often last for more than 20 days. *

TRUE

FALSE

10. When a mare comes into heat or season it is called OESTRUS. If she is cycling normally, this usually lasts for how many days? *

4-5 DAYS?

5-6 DAYS?

6-7 DAYS?

11. Ovulation occurs in the last 24 to 48 hours of a mares oestrus cycle. *

TRUE

FALSE

12. When the mare is not cycling at all, it is known as Dioestrus, which typically happens during the winter months.

TRUE

FALSE

13. Empty mares are not pregnant and become dry mares when pregnant.

TRUE

FALSE

14. Pregnant mares become wet mares after foaling.

TRUE

FALSE

15. What is a CASLICK and why is it performed? *

16. List five parts of the stallions reproductive anatomy. *

17. The physiology of the stallion's reproductive system is controlled by levels of hormones and stimulated by light, warmth and nutrition. The eye detects increasing daylight hours, and signals to the brain (anterior pituitary gland) to release hormones (Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Lutenising Hormone (LH)) into the bloodstream.

TRUE

FALSE

18. Testosterone is the hormone responsible for producing sperm.

TRUE

FALSE

19. What are four signs that the mare will show that she will accept the stallion?

20. To detect the stage of the oestrus usually requires

an ultrasound examination which is a rectal procedure performed by a veterinarian to detect the presence and size of any follicles on the ovaries.

a vaginal examination of the cervix to measure the extent of its dilation;

acute observation of the mare’s behaviour; seeing changes in her vulval area; and the practice of teasing

all of the above.

21. Performing rectal ultrasound procedures (ultrasonography) is common practice in equine reproduction. They are used to:

Detect the presence of an embryo, confirming if there is a single pregnancy or twins.

Detect the size and maturation of the follicles on the ovaries;

Review the health status of the mare’s uterus and ensure there is nothing that would inhibit conception such as a tumour, fluid or an infection;

all of the above.

21. To stimulate oestrus from dioestrus requires the presence of an active corpus luteum (CL) for methods to be successful. The most common treatment is to inject prostaglandin (PG) no sooner than the fifth day of the dioestrus period.

TRUE

FALSE

22. Most mares are seasonally polyoestrus, meaning they only cycle during the longer days of spring and summer, typically September to March (but sometimes May) in the Southern Hemisphere, and shut down reproductively in winter.

TRUE

FALSE

23. Apart from a mare's normal immunity, she has three physical barriers to protect her uterus from invading micro-organisms and potential infection. List these three:

24. Infections of the mare's reproductive tract can be caused by a number of things, list three:

25. Why is the practice of 'teasing' a mare performed and how is this done?

26. When hand serving a mare with a stallion, what are some of the important aspects to consider?

27. The combination of good teasing techniques and observation along with accurate follicle testing, via an ultrasound, will ensure maximum conceptions with minimal serves or inseminations, providing no other limiting factors such as disease exist. What else is crucial to stud operation?

28. How can one detect if a mare is in foal and when can this be done?

29. What important factors need to be considered to maintain pregnancy?

30. A mare is said to be 'covered' when she is ...

Rugged

In a stable

Served by a stallion

In foal

Standing under a tree

31. A 'wet' mare is one that is ...

Standing in the rain

Has been washed

In season

In foal

Is lactating

32. When a mare is 'waxed', she ...

Has had her facial hair removed

Has dried colostrum present on her teats

Has a mucus discharge from her vulva

Has been registered in the stud book

Has been well groomed and her coat is shiny

33. 'Foal heat' is a term used to describe ...

The temperature of a foal

The ideal temperature for a mare to foal

The mares first oestrus cycle after foaling

When the foals are playing together

34. 'Foal shy' is a term used to describe ...

When a foal is shy around people

When a mare is shy of her foal

When a mare with a foal won't come near people

When a mare with a foal won't show to a teaser

35. Well done, would you like to receive a copy of your results? Just remember to scroll to the bottom of this page and press SUBMIT.

Yes please

No thanks

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