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EP.50 The Tipping Point
Autoimmune Disorders
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A 55-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis is initiated on methotrexate therapy. Which laboratory parameter should be most closely monitored to assess for methotrexate toxicity?
10 points
A. Serum creatinine
B. AST/ALT levels
C. Serum magnesium
D. TSH levels
Clear selection
A 35-year-old woman with SLE is started on hydroxychloroquine. What is the recommended schedule for ophthalmologic screening to monitor for retinal toxicity?
10 points
A. Annual exams starting immediately
B. Baseline exam and annual exams beginning after 5 years of therapy
C. No routine screening is necessary
D. Baseline exam only
Clear selection
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is receiving etanercept. Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with TNF inhibitors?
10 points
A. Hypertension
B. Nephrotoxicity
C. Increased risk of infections
D. Hyperlipidemia
Clear selection
A patient with multiple sclerosis is started on interferon beta. Which of the following is a common side effect of this therapy?
10 points
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Depression
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Arrhythmia
Clear selection
A patient with SLE and severe lupus nephritis is being considered for induction therapy. Which of the following agents is most commonly used for induction in severe cases?
10 points
A. Azathioprine
B. Cyclophosphamide
C. Hydroxychloroquine
D. Leflunomide
Clear selection
A patient with moderate-to-severe psoriasis is being evaluated for biologic therapy. Which agent specifically targets interleukin-17 (IL-17)?
10 points
A. Etanercept
B. Adalimumab
C. Secukinumab
D. Abatacept
Clear selection
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis has been on long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with chronic corticosteroid use?
10 points
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Cushingoid appearance
C. Polycythemia
D. Hypothyroidism
Clear selection
A patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia is receiving high-dose corticosteroids. What is a critical side effect to monitor in this patient?
10 points
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Osteoporosis
C. Hypernatremia
D. Bradycardia
Clear selection
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is considered for leflunomide therapy. Which condition is a contraindication to starting leflunomide?
10 points
A. Hypertension
B. Hepatic impairment
C. Asthma
D. Hypercholesterolemia
Clear selection
Before initiating azathioprine in a patient with SLE, which test should be performed to assess for potential drug toxicity?
10 points
A. TPMT enzyme assay
B. G6PD assay
C. Serum ferritin level
D. Serum lipase level
Clear selection
A rheumatoid arthritis patient on NSAIDs for pain develops gastrointestinal distress. Which of the following is recommended to reduce GI side effects?
10 points
A. Switch to acetaminophen
B. Add a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
C. Increase the NSAID dose
D. Add an H2 receptor blocker only at night
Clear selection
A patient with multiple sclerosis is treated with glatiramer acetate. Which side effect is most commonly encountered with this drug?
10 points
A. Injection site reactions
B. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
C. Severe hepatotoxicity
D. Renal failure
Clear selection
A 50-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis is scheduled to begin adalimumab therapy. Which vaccine should ideally be administered prior to initiating treatment?
10 points
A. Influenza vaccine
B. Live attenuated vaccine (e.g., varicella)
C. Pneumococcal vaccine
D. Tdap
Clear selection
A patient with SLE on long-term corticosteroids should have which parameter regularly monitored to prevent complications?
10 points
A. Bone mineral density
B. Serum potassium
C. Renal function
D. Cardiac enzymes
Clear selection
In a patient with psoriasis being treated with methotrexate, which supplement is recommended to minimize adverse effects?
10 points
A. Folic acid
B. Vitamin D
C. Omega-3 fatty acids
D. Calcium
Clear selection
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is switched to leflunomide due to methotrexate intolerance. Which laboratory test should be routinely monitored during leflunomide therapy?
10 points
A. Liver function tests (LFTs)
B. Thyroid function tests
C. Serum amylase
D. Serum creatinine
Clear selection
A patient with SLE presents with recurrent infections. Which class of medications most significantly contributes to this increased risk?
10 points
A. Antimalarials
B. Immunosuppressants (e.g., mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide)
C. NSAIDs
D. Beta blockers
Clear selection
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is initiated on tocilizumab. Which adverse effect is most closely associated with this medication?
10 points
A. Elevated liver enzymes
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Severe bradycardia
D. Acute renal failure
Clear selection
A patient with SLE on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy reports new-onset vision changes. What is the most appropriate next step?
10 points
A. Discontinue hydroxychloroquine immediately
B. Schedule an urgent ophthalmologic evaluation
C. Switch to chloroquine
D. Increase the hydroxychloroquine dose
Clear selection
A 28-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis is being considered for combination therapy with methotrexate and a biologic agent. What is the primary rationale for using combination therapy?
10 points
A. To reduce treatment costs
B. To improve efficacy by targeting different inflammatory pathways
C. To minimize the need for NSAIDs
D. To lower the risk of infection
Clear selection
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