ASTR HW 3 (Lectures 3 and 4)

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Before starting these questions, please watch Lectures 3 and 4. You must submit them at one time. The submit button is at the bottom. Please only submit once.

The ultraviolet catastrophe was solved by *

1 point

Max Planck, who suggested that light can only be emitted in packets of energy that today we call photons.

Isaac Newton, who proposed a universal law of gravitation.

the Rayleigh-Jeans law, which suggested that light of any energy can be emitted from a blackbody.

The geocentric model *

1 point

describes the Solar System as a series of objects orbiting Earth in perfect circles.

cannot explain the motions of the planets.

describes the orbits of objects of the Solar System in terms of epicycles and deferents.

describes the orbits of objects Solar System in terms of just epicycles.

The planets in our Solar System have eccentricities that are *

1 point

all close to 1.

all close to 0, with Mercury being somewhat of an exception.

all close to 0, with Venus being somewhat of an exception.

all very different.

Magnetic Fields (please check all that apply) *

1 point

form loops.

form straight lines.

come from magnetic charges, which can be separated into isolated positive and negative parts.

come from magnetic charges, which cannot be separated into isolated positive and negative parts.

are identical to electrical fields.

Required

Earth's atmosphere (please check all that apply) *

1 point

is opaque to X-rays.

is transparent to X-rays

is transparent to visible light.

is opaque to visible light.

is mostly opaque to infrared radiation.

Required

Suppose that a person is very far from the Earth. If the distance between this person and the center of the Earth decreases by a factor of 3, *

1 point

the force of gravity on them will increase by a factor of 9.

the force of gravity on them will increase by a factor of 3.

the force of gravity on them will decrease by a factor of 9.

the force of gravity on them will remain the same.

The greenhouse effect *

1 point

increases Earth's average surface temperature by about 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees F)

increases Earth's average surface temperature by about 10 degrees Celsius (18 degrees F)

increases Earth's average surface temperature by about 15 degrees Celsius (27 degrees F)

increases Earth's average surface temperature by about 20 degrees Celsius (36 degrees F)

increases Earth's average surface temperature by about 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (63 to 72 degrees F)

The equation 𝐷 = 1𝐴𝑈/𝜃 (check all that apply) *

1 point

means that parallax can be used to find the distances to objects that are closer to us than the Sun.

means that parallax can be used to find the distances to objects that are very far from us (relative to the Sun) but cannot be used to find the distances to most stars, since most stars are too far away.

is, in practice, more accurate for relatively far stars than for relatively close stars.

is, in practice, less accurate for relatively far stars than for relatively close stars.

allows us to measure the distances to stars by using the Doppler effect.

Required

⏩ FORM_TIMER_UNIQUE_IDENTIFIER *

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Parallax is *

1 point

a real shift of objects due to viewing them from different perspectives.

an apparent shift of objects due to viewing them from different perspectives.

a shift of objects due to viewing planetary motion.

a shift of objects due to the expansion of the universe.

Earth's atmosphere *

1 point

is mostly oxygen.

is mostly nitrogen.

is mostly carbon dioxide.

is mostly argon.

Kepler's second law *

1 point

states that the areas that planets sweep out in their orbits are equal, so long as their swept out in equal times.

states that the areas that planets sweep out in their orbits are equal between different planets.

states that the amount of time that planets take to sweep out their orbits is always the same.

states that the areas that the planets sweep out in their orbits are the are always the same, regardless of the planet.

The dark side of the Moon *

1 point

does not exist, since although we see only one side of the Moon all the time, all regions of the Moon receive light from the Sun (except for some deep crevices, like on Earth).

is the part of the Moon we cannot see, which occurs because Earth precesses on its axis.

is the part of the Moon we cannot see, which occurs because Earth obeys the laws of stellar parallax.

is the part of the Moon we cannot see, which occurs the Sun is at the center of the Solar System.

The first evidence that the heliocentric model is correct was *

1 point

the fact that the geocentric model was inconsistent with Ptolemy's philosophy.

the fact that the geocentric could not explain the phases of Venus.

the fact that the geocentric model could not explain the motion of the Moon.

the fact that the geocentric model could not explain the tides.

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