4º ESO. Unit 3: Industrial Revolution

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1) The agricultural revolution in England... *

It had nothing to do with the industrial revolution.

It helped bring about the industrial revolution, as technological advances adapted to the countryside and increased food production, producing a chain reaction.

It was counterproductive for the industrial revolution, because by producing more food, farmers could make a better living from their crops, and no one wanted to migrate to the city to work in factories.

2) The Norfolk system consisted of... *

Cultivating only cereals, so the land had to be left fallow for a year before being able to plant again.

Multiplying irrigated fields in England.

Alternating the crops of a piece of land, planting cereals one year and fodder the next (which do not deplete the nutrients of the land), so that fallowing became unnecessary.

3) The enclosures were a consequence, among other things, of... *

Population growth in England

The war against the Dutch, because they wanted to invade England and the English peasants decided to fence their land so that they could not enter.

The agricultural policy of the kings of the Old Regime, especially Louis XIV of France.

4) Read this text from Boulton to his friend Watt. What machine are they talking about? *

Jethro Tull's seed drill

Printing Press

Internal combustion engine

Steam engine

5) The above text is a good example of the topic of the Industrial Revolution because... *

It talks about the impact of a new machine

It talks about how an inventor and a wealthy businessman can team up for mutual benefit

It speaks of the convenience of installing the factory near a canal, which would facilitate transportation

It speaks of obtaining the maximum benefit with the minimum expense

All of the above

6) The steam engine adapted to the locomotive and the ship revolutionized the transport system. *

True

False

7) What sector was the first to become manufacturing or industrialized? *

The shipbuilding

The steel industry

Furniture making

Textile industry

8) The new economic models, based on large companies and factories and whose entrepreneurs seek to obtain the maximum profit with the minimum expense with total market freedom, are based on... *

The mercantilist theories of the Old Regime

The Physiocracy of François de Quesnay

Adam Smith's Liberalism

9) What is the name of the labor protest movement that argued that the new machines were taking jobs away from the workers and, therefore, machines had to be destroyed? *

Marxism

Luddite movement

Ruhr Area Communal Movement

Movement for liberation from the capitalist yoke

10) What is the name of the movement that constituted the first large-scale joint action of the organized proletariat? *

The Glorious Revolution

Paris Commune

The People's Charter

The Phalanstery movement

11) According to Marx, what would be the next phase to the dictatorship of the proletariat? *

The constitution of a great state in the Russian Empire according to the principles of the Communist Manifesto: the Soviet Union

None, the dictatorship of the proletariat is the last phase and, therefore, the communist countries gave rise to dictatorships

The class struggle

The classless society

12) What is the main thesis of anarchism? *

The authority depends on the Central Committee, chaired by Mikhail Bakunin

The rejection of all authority. The new society must be made up of free men and women, who relate equally, without hierarchies

The laws of supply and demand should naturally control the economy and society, without state intervention

The division of the world into anarchist cells, based on private property and power in the hands of the bosses

13) Which anarchist thinker developed his idea of mutual support based on how living things in nature collaborated? *

Max Stirner

Mikhail Bakunin

Errico Malatesta

Piotr Kropotkin

14) During the sessions of the First International, Marx and Bakunin... *

They approached positions

They realized that their opinions were irreconcilable

15) What is a union? *

It is an organization for the defense of workers that always depends on some political party

It is an organization for the defense of the bosses of the factories, against the attacks of the anarchist "propaganda of the deed"

It is an organization for the defense of workers always of an anarchist nature

It is an organization for the defense of workers independent of political parties, although occasionally they may collaborate for a common goal

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