Basic Sports Science

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Basic Sports Science - Quiz 4

Physiology - Part D. The Muscular System

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal muscles?

1 point

Maintaining posture

Movement

Production of heat for temperature regulation

Digestion of food

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the property of "irritable" with regards to muscles?

1 point

with the application of force, the muscle can be stretched without damage.

they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation from nerves

muscle will hypertrophy (enlarge) in response to increased work; conversely, it will atrophy (waste away) if it is deprived of work

once they received stimulation, the muscle is capable of actively shortening.

whenever a muscle is shortened or lengthened, it has the ability to return to its resting shape and length.

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the property of "contractible" with regards to muscles?

1 point

once they received stimulation, the muscle is capable of actively shortening.

with the application of force, the muscle can be stretched without damage.

muscle will hypertrophy (enlarge) in response to increased work; conversely, it will atrophy (waste away) if it is deprived of work

whenever a muscle is shortened or lengthened, it has the ability to return to its resting shape and length.

they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation from nerves

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the property of "extensible" with regards to muscles?

1 point

they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation from nerves

muscle will hypertrophy (enlarge) in response to increased work; conversely, it will atrophy (waste away) if it is deprived of work

whenever a muscle is shortened or lengthened, it has the ability to return to its resting shape and length.

once they received stimulation, the muscle is capable of actively shortening.

with the application of force, the muscle can be stretched without damage.

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the property of "elastic" with regards to muscles?

1 point

muscle will hypertrophy (enlarge) in response to increased work; conversely, it will atrophy (waste away) if it is deprived of work

once they received stimulation, the muscle is capable of actively shortening.

they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation from nerves

whenever a muscle is shortened or lengthened, it has the ability to return to its resting shape and length.

with the application of force, the muscle can be stretched without damage.

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the property of "adaptibility" with regards to muscles?

1 point

muscle will hypertrophy (enlarge) in response to increased work; conversely, it will atrophy (waste away) if it is deprived of work

once they received stimulation, the muscle is capable of actively shortening.

whenever a muscle is shortened or lengthened, it has the ability to return to its resting shape and length.

with the application of force, the muscle can be stretched without damage.

they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation from nerves

Clear selection

Muscle consist of muscle _____ which are in turn composed of myofibrils

1 point

Cells

Fibres

ATP

Fascicles

Clear selection

Myofibrils are wrapped in _____ to form fascicles

1 point

Fascia

Fibres

Tendrils

Clear selection

The protective layer around myofibrils is called

1 point

Fascia

Fibres

Tendrils

Clear selection

The contractive unit of a muscle is the

1 point

Fascia

Fibres

Myofibril

Clear selection

A motor nerve will stimulate many muscle fibres creating a _________ unit

1 point

Motion

Contraction

Motor

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the "all or nothing" principle of muscle contraction?

1 point

Force in a muscle is dependent on the frequency of motor unit stimulation

When a motor unit is triggered, all attached muscle fibres will fire completely and at full strength.

Motor units are stimulated sequentially from smallest to largest fibres as are needed

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the "gradation of force" principle of muscle contraction?

1 point

Force in a muscle is dependent on the frequency of motor unit stimulation

When a motor unit is triggered, all attached muscle fibres will fire completely and at full strength.

Motor units are stimulated sequentially from smallest to largest fibres as are needed

Clear selection

Which of the following describes the "size" principle of muscle contraction?

1 point

Force in a muscle is dependent on the frequency of motor unit stimulation

When a motor unit is triggered, all attached muscle fibres will fire completely and at full strength.

Motor units are stimulated sequentially from smallest to largest fibres as are needed

Clear selection

According to the "all or nothing" principle, when more force is required

1 point

more motor units are stimulated

a motor unit is partially stimulated

Clear selection

An example of the "all or nothing" principle is when you lift a light weight

1 point

When you lift a weight, all fibres in the muscle are stimulated

Some fibres in the muscle are stimulated

Your nerves give out a fraction of their normal signal

Clear selection

An example of the "gradation of force" principle is/are

1 point

Muscles that need a fine touch have smaller motor units than muscles that need to generate more power

When less force is required, the motor neurons activate the motor units at lower frequency

When more force is required, the motor neurons activate the motor units at a higher frequency

All of the above are correct

Clear selection

According to the "size principle" as we lift a heavy weight

1 point

not all motor units are activated at the same time

slow twitch fibres are activated first and followed by fast twitch fibres

fibres which are most resistant to fatigue are activated first

we can control the force required for an activity, depending on the effort required

All of the above

Clear selection

Which type of fibres are most resistant to fatigue?

1 point

Fast twitch fibres

Slow twitch fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following are "fast twitch" fibres?

1 point

Type I fibres

Type IIa fibres

Type IIb fibres

Type IIa and Type IIb fibres

All of the above

Clear selection

Which of the following are "slow twitch" fibres?

1 point

Type I fibres

Type IIa fibres

Type IIb fibres

Type IIa and Type IIb fibres

All of the above

Clear selection

All humans have approximately the same proportions of slow twitch and fast twitch fibres

1 point

True

False

Clear selection

Which of the following are "Type I" fibres?

1 point

Fast-oxidative fibres

Fast-glycolytic fibres

Slow twitch fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following are "Type IIa" fibres?

1 point

Fast-glycolytic fibres

Slow twitch fibres

Fast-oxidative fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following are "Type IIb" fibres?

1 point

Fast-oxidative fibres

Slow twitch fibres

Fast-glycolytic fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following is not true with regards to Type I fibres?

1 point

Type I fibres are activated last when performing a lift

Type I fibres have a good blood supply and operate aerobically

Type I fibres do not fatigue readily

Type I fibres are smaller than Type II fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following is incorrect with regards to Type IIa fibres?

1 point

Type IIa fibres are fast twitch fibres

Type IIa fibres can operate both aerobically and anaerobically

Type IIa fibres fatigue less rapidly than Type I fibres

Type IIa fibres are activated after Type I fibres but before Type IIb fibres

Clear selection

Which of the following is incorrect with regards to Type IIb fibres?

1 point

Type IIb fibres operate anaerobically

Type IIb fibres are slow twitch fibres

Type IIb fibres generate the most force

Type IIb fibres are activated last

Clear selection

Which of the following ranks Type I, Type IIa and Type IIb fibres in terms of the force they generate?

1 point

Type IIb, Type IIa, Type I

Type I, Type IIa, Type IIb

Clear selection

Which of the following ranks Type I, Type IIa and Type IIb fibres in terms of the sequence of activation when lifting?

1 point

Type IIb, Type IIa, Type I

Type I, Type IIa, Type IIb

Clear selection

Which of the following ranks Type I, Type IIa and Type IIb fibres in terms of their oxygen requirement and blood requirement?

1 point

Type IIb, Type IIa, Type I

Type I, Type IIa, Type IIb

Clear selection

Which of the following ranks Type I, Type IIa and Type IIb fibres in terms of their tendency to become fatigued?

1 point

Type IIb, Type IIa, Type I

Type I, Type IIa, Type IIb

Clear selection

Which type of fibre generates the most force?

1 point

Type I

Type IIa

Type IIb

Clear selection

Which type of fibre does not use oxygen?

1 point

Type I

Type IIa

Type IIb

Clear selection

Which type of fibre most readily becomes fatigued?

1 point

Type I

Type IIa

Type IIb

Clear selection

Concentric contraction involves

1 point

Shortening of a muscle under a load

Lengthening of a muscle under a load

Contraction without shortening or lengthening

Clear selection

Eccentric contraction involves

1 point

Shortening of a muscle under a load

Lengthening of a muscle under a load

Contraction without shortening or lengthening

Clear selection

Isometric contraction involves

1 point

Shortening of a muscle under a load

Lengthening of a muscle under a load

Contraction without shortening or lengthening

Clear selection

The contraction of the biceps during a bicep curl is an example of a

1 point

Concentric contraction

Eccentric contraction

Isometric contraction

Clear selection

The slow release of the biceps following a bicep curl is an example of a

1 point

Concentric contraction

Eccentric contraction

Isometric contraction

Clear selection

The slow release of the biceps following a bicep curl is an example of a

1 point

Concentric contraction

Eccentric contraction

Isometric contraction

Clear selection

Holding the bicep curl for 5 seconds midway during the curl is an example of a/an

1 point

Concentric contraction

Eccentric contraction

Isometric contraction

Clear selection

Isometric contractions are important in many movements because they help to stabilize the joint

1 point

True

False

Clear selection

Short-term strength gains are primarily due to

1 point

Adaption of our neural systems to activate motor units and control muscles

Hypertrophy of muscles

Clear selection

Long-term strength gains are primarily due to

1 point

Increased numbers of myofibrils within a muscle fibre

Increased numbers of muscle proteins within a muscle fibre

Increased ability to recruit larger motor units

All of the above

Clear selection

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