Big Bang vs. Creation Quiz

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Quiz for Creation Apologetics course by Chris Ashcraft

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1. The phrase “Big Bang” refers to what?

1 point

a. Supernova that are thought to be the source for both heavy elements and the nebular star nurseries.

b. The moment that God “spoke” the universe into existence.

c. The sudden expansion of both space and time

d. An event that was “heard round the world”

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2. A Biblical reference to the Big Bang could be drawn from what event?

1 point

a. The Fourth Day of Creation

b. God describes that stars were “brought forth” in the book of Job

c. Genesis 10:25 says it was during the time of Peleg that "the earth was divided"

d. The Bible declares that God stretched the heavens 17 times

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3. On which Day of the Creation in Genesis were the sun, moon and stars formed?

1 point

a. 1st Day - when light was created.

b. 2nd Day - after the Earth was formed

c. 4th Day - after dry land and plants were made on the Earth.

d. None. Genesis describes the creation of the Earth only.

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4. Who is credited with the theory that space has expanded?

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a. Stephen Hawking

b. Edwin Hubble

c. Sir Fred Hoyle

d. Nicolaus Copernicus

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5. What was the main observation that led to the formation of the Big Bang theory?

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a. The light from most galaxies are red-shifted indicating they’ve moved away from us.

b. Thermal nuclear fusion reactions in stars produces heavier elements

c. Supernova remnants become increasing less common as we look further into space indicating that we are looking back in time.

d. The universe was discovered to be finite rather than infinite (as previously thought), which was argued to mean that it had a beginning rather than being eternal.

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6. The Cosmological principle holds that the Earth does not have special position in the universe, and matter is uniformly distributed. What observation has challenged this view.

1 point

a. The galaxies surround us on all sides indicating that we are in the center of the universe.

b. Quasars are only found in the farthest reaches of the universe.

c. Light from galaxies is quantized revealing they are not randomly distributed but are instead found in concentric clusters around our own galaxy.

d. Within our galaxy (Milky Way) there are regions of high densities of stars and regions of low density

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7. What is the leading theory proposed to explain the origin of stars through natural processes?

1 point

a. The Big Bang formed stars and planets during a great cosmic explosion.

b. Nebula theory proposes that stars form from electrically charged regions of space.

c. Clouds of gas and dust that somehow becomes compressed forming stellar nurseries.

d. Quasars within the Milky Way gave rise to various solar systems including ours.

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8. A problem with the current theories on star formation is..

1 point

a. They invoke existing stars as the source of new stars – and thus offers no solution as to how the first stars formed.

b. They must provide a special mechanism for the compression of a nebula, which would otherwise naturally expand until it disappears.

c. Infra-red detectors did not find the stars that astronomers thought would be forming in “Star Nurseries”.

d. All of the above

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9. Astronomers claim they have found an “afterglow” of the original Big Bang explosion. What is this afterglow called?

1 point

a. Cosmic Background Radiation

b. Microwave Anisotropy

c. Quasar Plasma

d. Galaxy Gamma Ray Radiation (GGRR)

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10. What is the problem with this “afterglow” radiation that challenges its use in support of the Big Bang? *

1 point

a. The radiation from the Milky Way creates “light pollution” that prevents our analysis of much of the universe.

b. The temperatures are basically the same everywhere we look but should be very different due to the random nature of the initial conditions.

c. It is in the form of Microwave radiation rather than Infrared.

d. It was collected by repurposing the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, which was designed to detect “anisotropy” rather than “isotropy”.

11. What has been proposed by natural science to solve the “Horizon Problem” (thermal equilibrium existing between distant regions of the universe)? *

1 point

a. The same initial conditions must have existed everywhere through cosmological fine-tuning.

b. An ‘inflation’ event early in the big bang wherein the expansion rate of the universe vastly accelerated for just a trillionth of a second.

c. The microwave radiation did not originate from the Big Bang, but is emitted from other local source (i.e. galaxies and quasars).

d. Heat must have been absorbed by dark matter rather than being exchanged with other light matter.

12. Quasars challenge the conventional interpretation of redshift. How? *

1 point

a. They have been found closely associated with galaxies with vastly different redshift values.

b. They radiate as much energy per second as a thousand or more galaxies, from a region that has a diameter about one millionth that of a galaxy.

c. Quasars are more commonly blue-shifted indicating they are moving closer rather than farther away.

d. Their redshift values suggest that they may be proto-galaxies emitted from the core of galaxies.

13. Quasars challenge the cosmological principle of homogeneity. How?

1 point

a. There are too many quasars in the Milky Way

b. The quasar axes are not randomly oriented but align along galactic cosmic filaments.

c. The redshift of quasars is often dramatically different from galaxies they are near.

d. They are believed to be the nuclei of blackholes, but have not been found to have enough mass.

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