Evolution: What Darwin Didn’t Know Quiz

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Quiz for course by Mr. Chris Ashcraft

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1. The theory of evolution proposes all the following except *

1 point

a. Genetic information has increased gradually over time by random mutations

b. Organisms develop traits because they need them (Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics).

c. Life began at some point from non-life (spontaneous generation)

d. All organisms on Earth have descended from a single common ancestor.

2. Darwin's finches illustrate which important component of Darwinism? *

1 point

a. The origin of life

b. Natural selection

c. Causal Inheritance

d. Pangene theory

3. What is speciation? *

1 point

a. a theoretical part of “Darwinism” that has never been observed.

b. a key concept in our understanding of the history of life following the Biblical flood.

c. when a population becomes divided or isolated from others.

d. a process which occurs by design to preserve adaptive changes that develop.

e. answer B, C and D.

4. Darwin knew about all the following except… *

1 point

a. Different fossil assemblages are commonly found below or above others in layers of rock, and this is interpreted as a record of the history life on Earth.

b. How varieties (breeds) of plants and animals are produced by selective breeding.

c. DNA or the mechanisms of inheritance (genetics).

d. Adaptive changes found in wild populations (i.e. finches).

5. Modern genetics concepts were first discovered by Mendel who was? *

1 point

a. Cross breeding pea plants and observing how the traits are inherited.

b. Experimenting with fruit flies and tracking mutation rates.

c. Researching finch populations

d. Tracked peppered moth populations in England that changed during the industrial revolution.

6. What is the name for the theory which argues that evolution occurs rapidly then is followed by long periods of stasis (lack of change)? *

1 point

a. Theistic evolution

b. The long-day theory

c. Punctuated equilibrium (Saltation in Darwin’s day)

d. Use and disuse

7. The theory of evolution is supported by all the following except which? *

1 point

a. Layers of rocks (strata) are found with different types of plants and animal fossils.

b. Organisms have been observed to change through time due to selective pressure.

c. Transitional forms have been found that connect all the distinct types of organisms into a complete phylogenetic tree.

d. Random gene mutations can alter the genetic code and the trait it codes for.

8. Darwin said: “If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down”. What has been discovered since this statement that is exactly what Darwin feared? *

1 point

a. Cambrian Explosion - fossils show that life appeared so suddenly on Earth it’s called an “explosion”.

b. Flagellum - molecular machines are “irreducibly complex” preventing step-by-step assembly over multiple generations?

c. Missing Links – gaps in evolutionary histories that Darwin assumed would be filled by fossils remain unresolved after 150 years.

d. “Homologous” structures are frequently not due to the same genes and homologous genes are also involved with the development of vastly different structures.

9. Similar features (i.e. limbs, organelles, DNA) are shared by widely different organisms. What are such traits called if believed to be due to evolution (common ancestry)? *

1 point

a. Transitional forms

b. Analogous

c. Homologous

d. Archetypes or design

10. Ernst Haeckel is best known for his advancements of the Darwin’s theory in Germany through what means? *

1 point

a. He discovered an ape-man missing link - Pithecanthropus alalus – allowing him to add humans to the evolutionary tree for the first time.

b. He discovered the first cell – Monerans – allowing him to advance the theory of spontaneous generation previously disproven by Louis Pasteur.

c. He discovered that embryos “recap” their evolutionary history during development – allowing him to show that mammals had evolved from fish.

d. None of the above. He fraudulently claimed all of these to promote evolution and/or his own career.

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