Female, male and eye MCQ

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1- A surge of FSH and LH is induced in the adenohypophysis 24-hours before ovulation and the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte resumes. At what stage does the oocyte become arrested until it becomes fertilized?

a) First meiotic division, prophase

b) First meiotic division, metaphase

c) Second meiotic division, prophase

d) Second meiotic division, metaphase

e) Second meiotic division, anaphase

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2- Which of the following portions of the fallopian tube is the site of fertilization?

a) Infundibulum

b) Ampulla

c) Isthmus

d) Uterine (intramular) part

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3- Which of the following layers of the fallopian tubes contains Peg cells, which secrete nutrients for the ovum?

a) Serosa

b) Muscularis

c) Mucosa, ciliated

d) Mucosa, non-ciliated

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4- The transition zone between the vagina and cervix is a common site of cervical dysplasia and HPV-related cancer. What epithelial transition is seen here?

a) Vaginal simple squamous to cervical simple columnar

b) Vaginal simple columnar to cervical simple squamous

c) Vaginal simple squamous to cervical stratified columnar

d) Vaginal stratified squamous to cervical simple columnar

e) Vaginal stratified squamous to cervical stratified columnar

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5- Which of the following portions of the placenta secretes HCG?

a) Syncytiotrophoblast

b) Cytotrophoblast

c) Endometrium

d) Chorion

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6- Which of the following components of the fetoplacental (endocrine) unit is similar to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and stimulates T4 secretion by the maternal thyroid?

a) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

b) Human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS, hPL)

c) IGF-I and IGF-II

d) Endothelial growth factor (EGF)

e) Relaxin

f) Leptin

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7- Which layer of the vaginal wall contains glands, such as lubrication mucus?

a) Inner mucosal layer

b) Intermediate muscular layer

c) Outer adventitial layer

d) There are no glands in the vaginal wall

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8- Which of the following decreases during pregnancy within the breast?

a) Mammary glands

b) Plasma cells

c) Lymphocytes

d) Eosinophils

e) Adipose tissue

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9- During the first week to 10 days, what is the main hormone which stimulates the growth of the follicles?

a. FSH

b. LH

c. HCG

d. Estrogen

e. Progesterone

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10- Which follicular stage is also called an antral follicle?

a. Primordial follicle

b. Primary follicle

c. Secondary follicle

d. Mature follicle

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11- What is the region called where the optic nerve exits the eye?

a. Os

b. Optic chiasm

c. Lamina cribrosa

d. Optic disc

e. Ora serrate

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12- Which region of the uterine tube is most likely to have a thick tunica muscularis containing smooth muscle?

a. Infundibulum

b. Ampulla

c. Isthmus

d. Horns

e. Body

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13- Under the influence of estrogen the height and number of cilia on the ciliated epithelial cells of the uterine tube increase. What purpose could this serve?

a. Increase in the secretory surface area

b. Increase in the absorptive surface area

c. Increase in the number of epithelial cells

d. Increase in the amount of mucus

e. Increase in the ability of these cells to move materials located on or near them

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14- Prophase I of the spermatocyte phase lasts approximately:

a) 2-hours

b) 24-hours

c) 2-days

d) 16-days

e) 22-days

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15-Which spermatid phase (spermiogenesis) is distinguished by the presence of PAS- positive granules called pro-acrosomal granules?

a) Golgi phase

b) Cap phase

c) Acrosome phase

d) Maturation phase

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16-A drug is given that affects the initial phases of spermatogenesis to aid in a patient’s infertility complaints. How much time would it take for the effects of this drug to be seen?

a) 4.6-days

b) 16-days

c) 22-days

d) 48-days

e) 86-days

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17-Which of the following is the correct path that a sperm cell would take from its point of origin to the point of placement in the female reproductive tract at the time of fertilization?

a. ductus deferens, efferent ductules, epididymis, testis

b. efferent ductules, epididymis, ductus deferens, testis

c. epididymis, testis, ductus deferens, efferent ductules

d. testis, efferent ductules, epididymis, ductus deferens

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18- During spermatocytogenesis what kind of cell division occurs?

a. mitosis

b. meiosis

c. asexual division

d. sexual division

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19-One of the main functions of the male accessory glands is to:

a. produce sperm

b. transport sperm

c. store sperm

d. nourish sperm

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20- The main structures in erectile tissue responsible for maintaining an erection are the:

a. pacinian corpuscles

b. peripheral nerves

c. helicine arteries

d. venous sinuses

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21- A patient comes in having had repeated colds and infections. Problems in his ear are shown to be due to accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. This is due to a blockage of the:

a. Saccule

b. Utricle

c. External ear

d. Eustachian tube

e. Endolymphatic sac

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22- People lacking melanocytes are deaf. These cells function as part of:

a. Hair cells

b. modiolus

c. spiral limbus

d. stria vascularis

e. basalar membrane

f. vestibular membrane

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23- Otoliths are normally located in the:

a. Ampulla of semicircular canal

b. Utricle

c. Modiolus

d. Cochlea

e. Endolymphatic sac

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24- The transmission of sound vibrations through the inner ear occurs chiefly through:

a. Bone

b. Nerve fibers

c. Air

d. Liquid

e. Skin and cartilage

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25- Haploid cells in the testis that have completed meiosis, but are still attached to Sertoli cells are called

a. Leydig cells

b. Sertoli cells

c. Myoid cells

d. Spermatozoa

e. Spermatogonia

f. Spermatids

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26- Which cells in the seminiferous tubules progress through the first meiotic division?

a. Leydig cells

b. Sertoli cells

c. Myoid cells

d. Spermatozoa

e. Spermatogonia

f. Spermatid

g. primary spermatocyte

h. secondary spermatocyte

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27- Inhibin, a protein secreted by the Sertoli cells, functions to:

a. Transfer nutrients to developing sperm

b. Bind steroid hormones such as testosterone

c. Regulate FSH secretion by the pituitary

d. Control the function of Leydig cells

e. Initiate contraction of seminiferous tubules during ejaculation

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28- Variations in eye color are determined by the number of pigmented cells in the:

a. Ciliary epithelium

b. Iris epithelium

c. Iris stroma

d. Corneal stroma

e. Corneal epithelium

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29- What type of glands are the glands of Moll?

a. Endocrine gland

b. Apocrine sweat gland

c. Oil gland

d. Sebaceous glands

e. Eccrine sweat gland

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30- Concerning Muller’s cells, all are true except:

a- They share in the formation of the limiting membranes.

b- They are nerve cells.

c- They have long processes.

d- Their nuclei are present in the inner nuclear layer.

e- They are very long cells.

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