TB Testing in the Bovine

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AC Number AC/0917/22

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1. Which one of the following statements is false: *

1 point

a. If there is air in the syringe, some of the tuberculin will only be expressed after withdrawal of the needle from the skin. Tuberculin will thus be under-dosed.

b. Some syringes deliver less than the prescribed dose [0.1ml] of tuberculin due to worn parts. Regular servicing is thus necessary.

c. If syringe ‘double doses’, ratchet rod knob may not have been tightened correctly.

d. Palpate the bleb after injecting to confirm that the injection was indeed intradermal.

e. It is acceptable to inject the tuberculin subcutaneously when testing for TB.

2. The preferred injection site for TB testing is: *

1 point

a. The tail fold

b. The dewlap

c. The top of the shoulder

d. The middle of the neck

e. Behind the ear

3. Which of the following statements is false regarding reading the reactions to tuberculin: *

1 point

a. The use of a caliper to measure skin thickness and swelling is mandatory

b. All injection site must be felt for pain, swelling, heat and adhesions

c. You only have to view the site to determine which animals have reacted

d. 30% of positive cows will show no or only small reactions 6 weeks before and 6 weeks after calving due to glucocorticord suppression of immune response

e. Do not use skin thickness as the only diagnostic aid.

4. When examining the head the following lymhpnodes need to incised: *

1 point

a. Parotid and palatine lymphnodes

b. Laryngeal lymphnodes

c. Retropharyngeal lymphnodes

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

5. In 90% of infected cases you would expect infection in which organs/lymph nodes? *

1 point

a. Lungs

b. Liver

c. Spleen

d. Udder and ovaries

e. Bronchial, mediastinal or mesenteric lymph nodes

6. Which one of the following statements is NOT true: *

1 point

a. It is not necessary to check the lymphnodes if there are no lesions in the lungs.

b. The retropharyngeal lymph nodes are the most important lymph nodes to examine in buffalo.

c. Small granulomatous tubercles are very easily overlooked.

d. Multiple parallel cuts must be made into the lymph nodes to search for lesions.

e. Lymphnodes must be palpated for grittiness.

7. Which type of Mycobacterium is most host specific in that it rarely produces progressive disease in animals other than people and nonhuman primates: *

1 point

a. M bovis

b. M avium

c. M tuberculosis

d. M caprae

e. M avium hominissuis

8. The most common mode of infection is via *

1 point

a. Inhalation of infected droplets.

b. Ingestion, particularly via contaminated milk or water .

c. Intrauterine and Coital methods of infection.

d. Needle stick injuries.

e. Consumption of infected carcasses.

9. The main reservoir of M bovis infection is: *

1 point

a. badgers and red deer

b. red deer, possums, and ferrets

c. mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk, and American bison

d. African buffalo

e. Cattle

10. Which one of the following statement is false: *

1 point

a. The test and slaughter policy is the only one assured of eradicating TB.

b. The BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccine, sometimes used to control TB in people, has proved to provide excellent protection against virulent M bovis in most animal species.

c. Cattle that have recently calved may also have false-negative results on the tuberculin test.

d. The single most important diagnostic test for TB is the intradermal tuberculin test.

e. The clinical signs of TB reflect the extent and location of lesions.

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