2.4 Succession

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2.4 Succession

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1. Which of the following is a characteristic of K-selected organisms? *

1 point

They are typical of pioneer communities.

Usually a very high percentage of young die during the early part of their life cycle.

Sexual maturity is reached early in the lifespan.

They usually have a high degree of parental care of young.

4. Modern commercial agricultural practices tend to *

1 point

lower species diversity in the community.

reproduce early stages of succession to maximise net productivity.

create conditions favourable for r-selected species.

do all the above.

5. The graphs above show four different population growth curves. Which best represents *

(i) the total human population, (ii) a bacterial population in a laboratory, and (iii) a predator/prey relationship?

1 point

III_____I_____IV

III_____IV____II

IV_____III____II

I______IV____I

18. The carrying capacity of an environment for a given species *

1 point

can never be exceeded.

is greater for a population with a slow reproductive rate.

is achieved when birth rates equal death rates.

can only be exceeded with unsustainable use of resources.

20. In the process of succession, earlier communities disappear because *

1 point

they are displaced through competition.

their gross productivity decreases with age.

they eventually produce disadvantageous changes to their physical environment.

their biodiversity is low.

21. The main difference between ‘S’ and ‘J’ population growth curves is that *

1 point

‘S’ curves demonstrate exponential growth.

‘J’ curves demonstrate exponential growth.

‘S’ curves reach no stable maximum.

‘J’ curves reach no stable maximum.

34. Compared to a pioneer community, a climax community would have *

1 point

higher net productivity.

higher gross productivity.

more available mineral nutrients.

more short-lived species.

47. As succession approaches a climax, which changes are likely to occur in an ecosystem? *

Gross productivity of ecosystem____Net productivity of ecosystem____Inorganic mineral storages

1 point

Increase____Increase____Increase

Decrease___Increase____Decrease

Increase____Decrease___Decrease

Increase____Decrease___Increase

For questions 65 and 66, use the following diagram of the nitrogen cycle:

65. Denitrification is *

1 point

II.

III.

IV.

66. Which is the most important flow not shown in the diagram? *

1 point

nitrite ions → animals

atmospheric nitrogen → ammonium ions

nitrate ions → plant

animals → atmospheric nitrogen

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