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Survey Nutri B^2: How much do we know about wild bees?
Thank you for agreeing to participate in this survey conducted by the TU München and the University of Freiburg. Completing the survey should take less than 30 minutes. For the success of the study it is important, that you fill in the Questionnaire completely.

Why we do this survey?
On average, 80% of wild plants and 75% of cultivated plants are directly dependent on pollinators. Not only honeybees, but also their wild relatives, including bumble bees, play an important role here. There are about 20.000 different species of wild bees worldwide. However, like many insects, wild bees are declining. One of the main reasons for wild bee loss is the decrease in plant diversity, and thus food diversity and amount. Therefore, an important step for saving wild bees is to offer flowering mixtures to support bee diversity and their health. The aim of this questionnaire is to determine the current state of knowledge of different stakeholders about different pollinator groups and their plant nutritional requirements. The results of this survey will help in the process of designing flower mixtures that satisfy people that want them as well as ensure a balanced diet for wild bees. The survey has 31 questions. We ask you please do not search for the answers to the questions online; we are really interested in what you know without studying it!

Ethics statement: All data is collected anonymously and cannot be attributed to the individual participant. It will be kept strictly confidential. The agreement to the processing of data is voluntary, your response will be stored in our records for a maximum period of 6 years and will not be given to third parties.
 



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1) Where are you from?
Clear selection
If you have selected "other" in question 1, please name briefly here
2) What is your occupation? I am… (More than one answer is possible)
Hobby
Profession
Beekeeper
Seed-supplier
Conservationist
Scientist
Farmer (live stock)
Farmer (grains, corn. ect.)
Farmer (vegetables or fruits)
other (please name briefly below)
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If you have selected "other" in question 2, please explain briefly here
3) How old are you?
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4) What is your highest form of education?
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5) From where do you get information about bees and pollinators? (More than one answer is possible)
Comment: how old is/ are your child(ren)
If you have selected "other" in question5, please explain briefly here
6) How good would you consider your knowledge of wild bee nutrition? (1= I don’t know anything; 5= I am very well informed)
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7) How good would you consider your knowledge of wild bee biology and ecology? (1= I don’t know anything; 5= I am very well informed)
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8) Approximately how many wild bee species can be found in Europe? (Choose one of the following answers)
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9) How sure are you to have answered the question before (number 8) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
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10) How many bee species (in %) are considered to be vulnerable or threatened with extinction in Europe? (Choose one of the following answers)
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11) How sure are you to have answered the question (number 10) before correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
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12) What do you consider to be the most important measures to promote wild bees? (More than one answer is possible)
13) What benefits do natural elements such as hedgerows, meadows, trees etc. bring to wild bees? (More than one answer is possible)
14) Bees use both- nectar and pollen as food sources/for nutrition. What is the most important food source for bee larvae to develop to adult bees?
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15) What is the most important food source for foraging bees?
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16) How sure are you to have answered the last two questions (number 14 and 15) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
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17a) What are the main ingredients for bees in Pollen (More than one answer is possible)
17b) What are the main ingredients for bees in Nectar (More than one answer is possible)
18) How sure are you to have answered the last questions (number 17) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
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19) Do you know one or more species of bees that only collect pollen from a particular plant?
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Please name here the specialised species (one or even more) you know
20) How sure are you to have answered the question before (number 19) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
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21) Why should a flowering mixture offer different flowering species as a food source? (More than one answer is possible)?
22) Which flowering grassland species listed here are most suitable as nutrition for wild bees? (More than one answer is possible)
23) Why are the flowering grassland species listed here most suitable as nutrition for wild bees? (More than one answer is possible)
Dandelion (𝙏𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙭𝙖𝙘𝙪𝙢 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙡𝙚)
Crested dogstail (𝘾𝙮𝙣𝙤𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙝𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙨)
Sorrel (𝙍𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙭 𝙖𝙘𝙚𝙩𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙡𝙖)
Buttercup (𝙍𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙣𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙪𝙨 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘.)
Accentor/Self heal (𝙋𝙧𝙪𝙣𝙚𝙡𝙡𝙖 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘.)
Ribwort (𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙜𝙤 𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙩𝙖)
Flakeflower/Knapweed (𝘾𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙖 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘.)
Pipple/Hawk's-beard (𝘾𝙧𝙚𝙥𝙞𝙨 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘.)
Foxtail Millet (𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙖 𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙖)
Meadow/red Clover (𝙏𝙧𝙞𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙪𝙢 𝙥𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙚)
It delivers lots of pollen
It delivers lots of nectar
It has an attractive colour
It flowers a long time
It flowers when no other plants flower
It has long flowers
It has many flowers
It has big flowers
It is a source for specialized bees
It has a nice scent
24) How sure are you to have answered the last two questions (numbers 22 and 23) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
Clear selection
25) If you would be preparing a flower mixture for your garden/balcony/farm. Which flowering species listed here would you definitely want in your flowering mixture? (More than one answer is possible)
26) Why would you choose the following plants for your seed mixture? (More than one answer is possible)
Foxtail Millet (𝙎𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙖 𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙘𝙖)
Meadow Foam (𝙇𝙞𝙢𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙨 𝙙𝙤𝙪𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙞)
Black carrot (𝘿𝙖𝙪𝙘𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙖𝙧𝙤𝙩𝙖)
Phacelia (𝙋𝙝𝙖𝙘𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙘𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙛𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙖)
Wild Mustard(𝙎𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙥𝙨𝙞𝙨 𝙖𝙧𝙫𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙨)
Sweet Vernal Grass (𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙝𝙤𝙭𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙝𝙪𝙢 𝙤𝙙𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙢)
Oxeye daisy (𝙇𝙚𝙪𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙢 𝙫𝙪𝙡𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙚)
Garden Cosmos (𝘾𝙤𝙨𝙢𝙤𝙨 𝙗𝙞𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙨)
African Daisy (𝙊𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙤𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙪𝙢 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘.)
Crested Dogstail (𝘾𝙮𝙣𝙤𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙝𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙨)
It is beautiful
It is a good source of nectar
It is a good food source for wild bees
It contains good pollen for honeybees
It flowers a long time
It flowers when no other plants flower
It is a source for specialized bees
I want to have a big diversity of flowers
I like exotic flowers
I only want to have flowers that are native
It should be adapted to my soil conditions
It should adapt well to changing environmental conditionsIt should adapt well to changing environmental conditions
The seeds should be cheap
27) How sure are you to have answered the last two questions (numbers 25 and 26) correctly? (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
Clear selection
28) Which flowering species not mentioned in questions 25 and 26 would you definitely want to have in a flowering mixture in your garden/balcony/farm? (you can say none or name one or more flowering plants).
29) Which flowering woody species listed here are the most important sources of food for wild bees? (More than one answer is possible)
30) Why do you think the woody species listed here are the most important sources of food for wild bees?
Sal willow (Salix caprea)
Forsythia (Forsythia x intermedia)
Elder (Sambucus spec.)
Blackberry (Rubus spec.)
Currant (Ribes spec.)
Cornel cherry ( Cornus mas)
Red dogwood (𝘾𝙤𝙧𝙣𝙪𝙨 𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙖)
Lime (Tilia spec.)
Apple (Malus spec.)
Maple (Acer spec.)
It delivers lots of pollen
It delivers lots of nectar
It has an attractive colour
It flowers a long time
It flowers when no other plants flower
It has long flowers
It has many flowers
It has big flowers
It is a source for specialized bees
It has a nice scent
31) How sure are you to have answered the last two questions (numbers 29 and 30) correctly?  (1 = very certain to 5 = very uncertain)
Clear selection
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