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INERACTION DESIGN (IoD) FOR THE EMERGING INTERNET OF THING
(IoT)
INTRODUCTION
“MAY YOU LIVE IN INTERESTING TIMES”
We certainly find over selves in the world of difficulties, complexities, ramification and even an
interesting world .The word of gadgets, devices and technology.
WHAT IS INTERNET OF THING (IoT)? But before that what are the words come to our mind when we listen or
read the world “INTERNET” i.e., connection, connect to anyone, anytime, anyplace. The Internet of
Things(IoT)refers to a uniquely traceable gadget and their virtual illustration in Internet –like structure .The
term Internet of Things(IoT) was proposed by Kevin Ashotn in 1999 .Although, the idea of Internet of Things
first became popular through the auto ID centre at MIT and related market analysts publication. Radio
frequency identification (RFID) is often seen as an essential for the Internet of Things. The idea behind this is
,if all the gadgets and humans are fitted with identifiers ,they could be guided ,managed and inventories by
the computer .Beside using RFID, the aim can be achieved through other technologies as near field
communication ,barcodes ,QR codes and digital watermarking .Equipping all the devices in the physical world
could be reframing our daily life .For instance, Tesco is a multinational grocery and general merchandise
retailer like store manager would know products are required and consumed .Once the ability to interact with
devices could be monitored on the computer and can manage the supermarket easily.
The Internet of Thing is a great idea .The idea to connect and manage the world with the help of devices and
gadgets. The thinking reached to that level that , now ,we are living between devices and gadgets .It is
connecting people to the smart world .Smart world which has sensors to share , network and analyses the
information produce . Whereas, in earlier days, there was a bridge between the human world and the digital
world but, because of the thinking of the human increasing day by day, the gap between the physical world
and the digital world is decreasing with in emerging Internet of Thing.
Like there is very famous thought by Albert Einstein: “The World as we have created it is a process of
our thinking .It cannot be changed without our thinking.”
Helen Duce, The Director of the RFID Technology Auto –ID European Center at the University of Cambridge,
created a bold vision of a new RFID –connection world.
INTERCATION DESIGN
In Human Computer Interaction, interaction design is often abbreviated IxD .Interaction Design is all “about
giving a physical form of digital things which can be used by people in their day to day life”. Like any designing
fields, Interaction design is also has an interest in form a device which focus on the reducing the gap between
the physical world and digital world intelligently. Interaction Design is strongly focused on satisfying the needs
of people, solving their problems, make their life easy so the majority of people use the product.
The term Interaction Design was first coined by Bill Moggidge and Bill Verplank in the mild -1980s.
In 1990, Gillian Crampton smith established the computer-related design MA at Royal College of Art (RCA) in
London, which later changed its name to Interaction Design.
Today, Interaction Design is taught in many schools worldwide.
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HISTORY ABOUT THE INVENTIONS IN INTERACTION DESIGN
The long history of use interface spans the decades from the decades from the primitive –card days of the
1950s through the typed command lines of the 1960s, to the familiar windows and icons of today and beyond.
There were many milestones from 1822 till today. The timeline of interface milestones are as follows. Starting
from, Babbage analytical engine in 1822,punched cards in 1950s,command line interface in 1960s,light pen in
1951,Tracking ball in 1952,Mouse in 1963,Graphical user interface in 1980s.The first transparent multi-touch
screen was developed by Bob Boie at bell labs in 1984.In 2000s, Natural user interface is introduced ,which
can sensor the user’s body movements .And now many researches are going on .For instance ,EPSRC
pioneering research and skills started their research on the IDEAL : Intelligent Domestic Energy Advice Loop.
The Five Dimensions of Interaction Design
In Interaction Design, there are five dimensions in which four dimensions were introduced by Gillian
Crampton Smith and fifth was introduced by Kevin Silver.
1d words
This dimension is to define the source of instruction given to the user in the form of words.
2D Visual Representations
The user should interact with the interface .So for that there are one type that is visual representation .The
things are represented by diagrams, flowcharts, pictorial representation and other graphics.
3D Physical objects or spaces
In this dimension, user interact with the interaction design physical .In other words, user interact with device or gadget
or with help of computer.
4D Time
The user interacts with the interface in a particular phase of time because in some interaction designs the time is not
constant, it keeps changing such as the animation, instruction to follow video or sound.
5D Behavior
The behavior defines the bond between the user and interface, like how user reacts and response to it.
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THE DESIGN
Blindness can by birth , from disease or accident .Blind people have to face the challenges
each day .They has face my challenges in every aspect .
ENVIRONMENT
Blind people have a difficult time self-navigating outside environment. In fact, the biggest
challenge is physical movement. Travelling or simply walking down a crowed places pose
great difficulties. As well as blind people has to learn the each and every details of the house
environment . Like the positions of the chairs , table ,stairs and soon .
SOCIAL
Blind people has to face even social challenges ,like in relation to activities in various
activities they cannot participate .Blindness also affect the person’s ability for job ,which
affect a person’s finance ,but also his /her self esteem.
This product can allow them to self-navigating and find the obstacles without the stick. Now
they even don’t have to learn the home environment too.
This is designed for blind person .It contains two things belt and a Bluetooth headphone
device respectively . The concept behind this interaction design is to make the blind people
feel that “they are not disable”, they can go anywhere without help of some other person .In
other words, they can live independently without any dependency.
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INTERACTION WITH USER
This product is very user friendly ,portable and easy to use .As it has only to things first , belt and second is
Bluetooth headphone device. Belt is has strap which can be adjusted according to the waist .Belt contains
sensors ,and other devices which help the user for interaction .
How to use the product ? It has basic and simple steps .The user has to wear the belt and Bluetooth headset.
The user has to switch on the Bluetooth headset .when it will connect to the belt ,it start giving the
instruction that what to do .
DUAL RANGE ,TRIPLE ZONE INFRARED OBSTICLE DETECTOR NXTSUMO EYES VIEW ZONE is fitted in the belt
which can detect the obstacles and with the help of Bluetooth it is conveyed to the user .For instance ,
nowadays cars has a sensors which are used in the parking . when a person park a car the distance is
measured by sensor and with the help of screen an digital sound ,driver hear a voice which tell the
distance between the obstacle and car .so the same rule is applied the use can hear the voice and walk
properly without hitting the obstacle.
Dual Range ,triple zone infrared obstacle detector NXTSumoeyes View Zone
NXTSUMOEYES-v2 is designed to be tentacles , to detect the object up to 12”(30 cm). This sensor is capable to
detecting the obstacles on front-left, front-right or straight ahead.
In this device ,there is a gadget which is connected to the GPS .The GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM(GPS) is a
space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information. Which help the user to
reach to the location he or she wants to go ? It is all computer based , like the user have to give a command
about the destination . For example, like a use want to go to the Princess street from the holly rood road .The
use has to give the information with help of Bluetooth headphone about the starting point and the
destination point . Then with the help of GPS the device guide the user like walk straight ,turn left ,turn right
and mean while the sensor detect the obstacle and by this the user can reach to the destination easily .
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Issues addressing during the Interaction design
The notion of the interaction design has become an essential aspect of designing and
developing a new product which is embedded with the new technology .Whereas ,the
traditional design focus on the functions and the physical appearance ,interaction design has
functions ,physical appearance , technology and complex design problems . New technology ,
networking and embedded interaction has provided the opportunity to develop the wide
range of products .Since , such products are developed it changed the life of people .When
internet and phones are developed , there was a drastic change in their lives .Interaction
designing helped in reducing the problems faced of people in their day to day life .Now,
because of the interaction design and internet of thing people are more advance and can
work very easily and effortlessly .
So ,as this product come under the interaction design ,it will definitely help the blind people
and make their life easy . However ,there are many issues and problems faced by blind people
like self-navigation , they even has to learn the environment of their own house ,job problems
which leads to finance issues .
But in the world of interaction design ,now they don’t have to face the problem and issues
any more .There problems can be solved by the help of Interaction Design easily and
effectively . The sensor will work as their eyes and with the new technology they can give
commands and information to use the devices which will solve their issues and problems.
This product covers the four dimensions . The first dimension is 1D in which the source of
instruction is given in the form of word and it provide the procedure with the help of
Bluetooth headphone .Second dimension is 3D ,in this the physical interaction with user .so
,this product has a well fitted gadgets in the belt which can wear easily and comfortably
.Third dimension is 4D time , this product is well organized that it can manage the time
between the instructions which are given .Forth dimension , behavior means the interaction
with user and this product is very easy to use . This product is very user friendly .
IMPLIMENTATION
This product is very user friendly, portable and easy to use .As it has only two things first, belt
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and second is Bluetooth headphone device. Belt is has strap which can be adjusted according
to the waist .Belt contains sensors, and other devices which help the user for interaction.
How to use the product? It has basic and simple steps .The user has to wear the belt and
Bluetooth headset. The user has to switch on the Bluetooth headset .when it will connect to
the belt, it start giving the instruction that what to do.
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Description what all is use in this device:
ď‚· Device
ď‚· IVR
ď‚· GPS NAVIGATION
ď‚· OBSTICLE DETECTOR
ď‚· TTS
ď‚· BLUETOOTH HEADPHONE
INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE
Interactive voice response (IVR) is a technology that allows a computer to interact with
humans through the use of voice and DTMF tones input via keypad. An IVR can be deployed
in several ways:
1. Equipment installed on the customer premises
2. Equipment installed in the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)
3. Application service provider (ASP) / Hosted IVR
In this device we use IVR in little different way. It is mainly used in companies like
telecommunications industry etc .But here it is used by a blind person to use a device.
How it work?
When the person start the device the IVR helps him /her to select the option .So he /she can
navigate it easily.
GPS NAVIGATION
A GPS navigation device is a device that receives Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to
determine the device's location on Earth. GPS devices provide latitude and longitude
information, and some may also calculate altitude, although this is not considered sufficiently
accurate or continuously available enough (due to the possibility of signal blockage and other
factors) to rely on exclusively to pilot aircraft. GPS devices are used by the military, by aircraft
pilots, by sailors, and for recreational purposes by the public.
GPS devices may have capabilities such as:
• maps, including streets maps, displayed in human readable format via text or in a
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graphical format,
• Turn-by-turn navigation directions to a human in charge of a vehicle or vessel via text or
speech,
• Directions fed directly to an autonomous vehicle such as a robotic probe,
• Traffic congestion maps (depicting either historical or real time data) and suggested
alternative directions,
• Information on nearby amenities such as restaurants, fueling stations, and tourist
attractions.
GPS may be able to answer:
• Roads or paths available,
• Roads or paths that might be taken to get to the destination,
• If some roads are busy (now or historically) the best route to take,
• The location of food, fuel or other needs,
• The shortest route between the two locations.
In this device, there is a gadget which is connected to the GPS .The GLOBAL POSITIONING
SYSTEM (GPS) is a space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time
information. Which help the user to reach to the location he or she wants to go? It is all
computer based, like the user have to give a command about the destination. For example,
like a use want to go to the Princess street from the holly rood road .The use has to give
the information with help of Bluetooth headphone about the starting point and the
destination point. Then with the help of GPS the device guide the user like walk straight
,turn left ,turn right and mean while the sensor detect the obstacle and by this the user can
reach to the destination easily .
OBSTICLE DETECTOR
DUAL RANGE ,TRIPLE ZONE INFRARED OBSTICLE DETECTOR NXTSUMO EYES VIEW ZONE is
fitted in the belt which can detect the obstacles and with the help of Bluetooth it is
conveyed to the user .For instance , nowadays cars has a sensors which are used in the
parking . when a person park a car the distance is measured by sensor and with the help
of screen an digital sound ,driver hear a voice which tell the distance between the obstacle
and car .so the same rule is applied the use can hear the voice and walk properly without
hitting the obstacle.
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Dual Range, triple zone infrared obstacle detector NXTSumoeyes View Zone
NXTSUMOEYES-v2 is designed to be tentacles, to detect the object up to 12” (30 cm). This
sensor is capable to detecting the obstacles on front-left, front-right or straight ahead.
TTS
Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for
this purpose is called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or
hardware products. A text-to-speech (TTS) system converts normal language text into speech;
other systems render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into
speech. [1]
Synthesized speech can be created by concatenating pieces of recorded speech that are
stored in a database. Systems differ in the size of the stored speech units; a system that
stores phones or diphones provides the largest output range, but may lack clarity. For
specific usage domains, the storage of entire words or sentences allows for high-quality
output. Alternatively, a synthesizer can incorporate a model of the vocal tract and other
human voice characteristics to create a completely "synthetic" voice output. [2]
The quality of a speech synthesizer is judged by its similarity to the human voice and
by its ability to be understood. An intelligible text-to-speech program allows people
with visual impairments or reading disabilities to listen to written works on a home
computer. Many computer operating systems have included speech synthesizers
since the early 1990s.
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BLUETHOOTH
The Bluetooth protocol stack is split in two parts: a "controller stack" containing the timing
critical radio interface, and a "host stack" dealing with high level data. The controller stack is
generally implemented in a low cost silicon device containing the bluetooth radio and a
microprocessor. The host stack is generally implemented as part of an operating system, or as
an installable package on top of an operating system. For integrated devices such as bluetooth
headsets, the host stack and controller stack can be run on the same microprocessor to
reduce mass production costs; this is known as a hostless system.
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CONCLUSION
The primary goal of this project is to think of a interaction design (IoD) for the
emerging internet of thing (IoT). So ,this report introduce a user friendly device
which help blind people in many ways like it help blind people to move around
independently and to navigate from one place to other .
As it is shown in implementation part that it is not complicated, it is user-friendly.
So, now blind people don’t have to face difficult time in self-navigating outside
environment. In fact, the biggest challenge is physical movement. Travelling or
simply walking down a crowed places pose great difficulties. As well as blind
people has to learn the each and every details of the house environment. Like the
positions of the chairs, table, and stairs and soon can also be solved with the help
of this device. And even socially , now blind people has not to face social
challenges to ,like in relation to activities in various activities they cannot
participate .Blindness also affect the person’s ability for job ,which affect a
person’s finance ,but also his /her self esteem but now this is possible with it .
This product can allow them to self-navigating and find the obstacles without
the stick. Now they even don’t have to learn the home environment too.
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References :
Interaction design : beyond Human-Computer Interaction by Yvonne Rogers.
http://gow.epsrc.ac.uk/NGBOViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/K002732/1
http://www.mindsensors.com/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=75
http://www.information-age.com/it-management/strategy-and-innovation/123457192/is-the-internet-of-things-
too- big-an-idea-
http://www.internet-of-things-research.eu/pdf/IERC_Cluster_Book_2012_WEB.pdf
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/opb/pol/S-POL-IR.IT-2005-SUM-PDF-E.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System
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