Summary Documents. 

(Comparison of education system, the job market, formal, non-formal and informal curricula in each country, exchange information)

Administration  of education up to Higher education is  centralized under the Ministry of National Education(MEB).

  The Ministry is responsible for :

• drawing up curricula,
•  coordinating the work of official,
•  private and voluntary organizations,
•  designing and building schools,
•  and developing educational materials.

In Turkey, most pupils or students are enrolled in public institutions at all levels of education (pre-school education 91.2%; primary schools 98.3%, secondary education 97.4% and higher education 94%).

Private primary and secondary schools are funded independently. Pre-school education is optional for children under six years of age. Therefore, approximately a-fourth students are attending the preschools (nursery schools or classes).

Compulsory education begins at the age of six years. Educational administration is centralised under the Department of Education.

Educational activities in the eighty one Turkish provinces are organised by the directors of education (Local Education Authorities-LEAs) who are appointed by the Ministry of  National  Education.

Assessment of children with special educational needs is provided in guidance and research centres under the Department of Education (LEAs).

Teacher training for primary and secondary teachers is to bachelor’s degree level and takes place over four years.

All teachers who work for the Ministry of National Education are civil servants whose salaries are paid by the state.

Teachers who work in private schools are not civil servants and are paid by the owners of the schools concerned.

Educational objectives of the Turkish National Education,

• Educational institutions are open to all, regardless of race, sex, and religion.
• Everybody should be entitled to basic education.
• Equal opportunities shall be provided for everybody.
• General and vocational education should be for a lifetime.
• Education and training should be provided for everybody and  everywhere.

Education should be; National, Modern,Secular,Democratic,A scientific  foundation,Functional and contemporary.

The aims of  Turkish National Education are;

1) to increase the welfare and happiness of the Turkish citizens and Turkish society, to support and facilitate economic, social and cultural development in national unity. 

2) to make the Turkish nation a constructive, creative and distinguished partner in the modern civilization.

    Around 35% of the population are in formal education.First Step is, Pre school Education (under 7 years old). Approximately one-fourth of students are attending the preschools (nursery schools or classes).Second step is primary education .It is compulsory basic education in Turkey. This education is between the ages of 7 and  15.

Apprenticeship Training begins after  compulsory education.It provides diplomas. It is not possible to find a job without a diploma given by these schools.They are very important.Necessary attandance is one day a week. they work rest of the  weekdays. Third step is,general,technical and vocational education.It is between the age of 14 and 19. Preparatory class is optional at some schools. Fourth step is higher education. Preparatory classes are compulsory at some universites.

• Authority of Non Formal Education out of universities is  Ministery of National Education.

A)  PUBLIC    Education    Centers.

B)  APPRENTICESHIP  Education Centers.

C)   VOCATIONAL    Education and Training Centers.

• Municipalities
• Chamber of Commerse
• Chamber of Industry
• Chamber of Agriculture
• Trade Unions
• Charitable Foundution   etc.

D) HIGHER  Education Institution.

• Contınuing education centers.

PUBLIC Education    Centers:

       What kind of courses can Adult  Education Centers open?

• Adult Education Centers can organise literacy ,    
• vocational – technical  and socio – cultural courses.
• Public  Education Centers can organise Reading and    

writing courses for illiterate citizens  who are over        

                    the  compulsory education age.

     Admission for Courses.

• There  is no age limit  for the courses in Public Education  Center. But the  young  students  can only attend the  courses when their schools  are closed.
• Participants must attend the courses.