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Slide Focus

Content (Say about 20~30 words per slide. Don’t overload content!)

I.

Intro of Problem

Name = Taro

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Title / Names

Hi everyone, I’m Taro Yamada, and these are my research partners Midori Ito and Ichiro Suzuki. We will talk about the issue of human cloning.

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Definition

First, what is cloning? Cloning is the process of making a genetically identical copy of an organism. In other words, the DNA will be the same.

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News/Cases

The first cloned mammal was Dolly the Sheep, cloned in the UK in 1996. Prometia was cloned in Italy in 2003, and Snuppy in Korea in 2005.

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Key Point

Next, have humans already been cloned? What do you think? The answer is YES.

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Data

On April 23, 2009, ABC News reported that Dr. Zavos had cloned 11 human embryos and put them in 4 women’s wombs, but no pregnancies resulted.

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Issue Details

What benefit can cloning provide? One benefit might be for sterile couples, couples that cannot have children, to get a child from their own DNA.

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Issue Details/ Transition

Another benefit of cloning might be for gay or lesbian couples to have children. Next, Midori will talk about the problems & risks. Midori?

II.

Analysis

Name = Midori  (Analysis=Main Risks/Cases/Effects/Causes etc.)

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Transition/ Intro of Key Points

Thanks Taro. So, why is human cloning a serious problem? What are the risks of human cloning? I will talk about three main risks.

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Risk 1

One main risk is experimentation. In other words, many human babies may be harmed or killed during cloning experiments if they fail.

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Risk 1 Example

For example, in Snuppy’s case, hundreds of failed experiments were needed, and just one dog was cloned. This should not happen to humans.

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Risk 2

Another main risk is perfection. As Michael Sandel argues in “The Case for Imperfection,” with cloning, “less perfect” humans may be looked down on.

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Risk 2 Example

For example, parents may choose to clone beautiful or smart people, like designer babies.

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Risk 3

The third risk is mental harm. Clones are not the same person as the original, but people may expect a clone to be the same as the original!

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Risk 3 Example

If Bill Gates clones his own DNA, people may expect Clone Bill to be a billionaire and this pressure may harm him.  Next Ichiro will talk about needed solutions. Ichiro?

III.

Solutions

Name = Ichiro  (Give 1~2 SPECIFIC solutions! Who should do what?)

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Transition / Intro of Key Points

Thanks Midori. So, I hope you all agree that human cloning has many risks and should be prevented. To prevent cloning, the ONLY way is to have...

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Solution

Stricter laws against human cloning are needed in Japan and internationally via the UN.

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Current Situation

In 2001, Japan passed a law on Reproductive Cloning that clearly prohibits human cloning.

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Current Japanese Law

However, what is the penalty if a scientist or organization like Aum violates the law?? It is only 10 years in prison or 10 million yen. That is too small.

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Current UN Law

Also, in the UN, in 2005, a declaration against human cloning “called on” countries to prohibt human cloning, but there are no international penalties.

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New Law!

+ Thank you.

In conclusion, to prevent human cloning, we need a stricter laws. All countries should have a penalty of at least 100 million yen or 1 million dollars. Thank you! Any questions?