Succession

________________________________________________________________________________

a. Primary Succession

Growth in an area that ______________________ supported life previously

Ex. Bare rock, _______________________

b. Secondary Succession

Regrowth in an area following ________________________ of an ecosystem

Ex. _________, __________, __________

Stages of Succession

Pioneer Stage

Early stages

Usually dominated by organisms that are ____________________________________

Seral Stage-middle stages of succession

Climax Community- ___________________________________

very little change over _______________________________

Forest example

Pioneer stage- ___________________________________

Seral Stages- ____________________________________

Climax Stage- ____________________________________

Pond Water Succession

Dominated by changes in Plankton

-Any of the 5 kingdoms

-Small plants and _____________________ that live in water

-_____________________________________ are the start of most food chains

A. phytoplankton: __________________________

Ex. Diatoms/green algae

B. zooplankton: ____________________________

Ex: rotifers/small crustaceans

Stages you should see in your pond water.

Protozoans are Classified by Locomotion

Ciliates: ___________________________________________

Flagellates: __________________________________

Pseudopods: _________________________________

Populations

Type of ______________________, _____________________, and _____________________

Population size determined by the rates of ________ different factors

Natality- ____________________________

Mortality- ____________________________

Immigration- Organisms _________________ a new area

Emigration- Organisms __________ an area

Environment

Abiotic Factors

_____________________ parts of the environment

-Amount of sunlight,  _____________________________, Soil, _______________, rain

Biotic Factors

__________________ Parts of environment

-Plants,  ___________________, Insects, Communities, __________________________

Limiting Factor

A ________________ or _________________ factor that can affect a population

Temperature, _________________, Competition

Density Dependent Factors-

Density Independent Factors-

J vs S curve

Carrying Capacity

Maximum number of a species the environment can support _______________________ (long term).

Community

Can be defined a couple of ways

- all of the species of different organisms

- all of the _________________________

Ecosystem

Can be defined a couple of ways

- All of the populations and the ____________________ factors

- All of the ________________________ and ___________________ factors

- The community and the _____________________ factors

Organism Relationships

habitat: 

where an organism __________

niche:

__________ of an organisms in its community

what it _________

what eats it

relationship with other organisms

predator - prey:

one benefits

The other __________

competition:

_______________ benefits

symbiosis:

close permanent relationship between organisms of different _______________

a) commensalism:: one species benefits & the other is ____________  harmed or benefited  ie: orchids in trees

b) mutualism: both species _______________        ie: lichen- fungus and algae

c) parasitism: one harmed, the other _________________        ie: tapeworm

Energy in the Ecosystem

trophic levels: feeding steps in food chain

See Energy Pyramid 10% rule                pg. 44