In time expression and pronouns

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

Now

Today/tonight

Yesterday

Tomorrow

Last week

Next week

Ago

Then

that day / that night

The day before / the previous day

The next / following day

The previous week

The following week / the week after

Before

In time expression and pronouns

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

This/these

Here

pronouns

That/those

There

They changes according to the context

Sometimes we need the report someone’s question , the report question are introduce with the verb ask inquire wonder , want to know , etc

Type

Form

example

Yes-no question

Ask + if / whether + S + verb wonder etc

do you speak English “

He wondered if I spoke English

Wh-question

Ask + question word + S + verb wonder etc

“what are you watching”

She asked what I’m watching

Modal verb forms also sometimes change:

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

will
She said, "I'll teach English online tomorrow.“

can
She said, "I can teach English online."

must
She said, "I must have a computer to teach English online.“

would
She said she would teach English online tomorrow.

could
She said she could teach English online.

had to
She said she had to have a computer to teach English online.

Modal verb forms also sometimes change:

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

shall
She said, "What shall we learn today?"

may
She said, "May I open a new browser?"

should
She asked what we should learn today.

might
She asked if she might open a new browser.

Note - There is no change to; could, would, should, might and ought too.

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
"I might go to the cinema", he said.	He said he might go to the cinema.