First prophecy of a second king in 1 Sam 13.14
Stats:
Father was Yishai (Jesse) 1 Sam 16.3
Youngest of 8 sons 1 Sam 16.11-12
Musician for King Saul
Described as ruddy, bright eyed, & handsome 1 Sam 16.12
1 Samuel 16 - 1 Kings 2
'“But now, your reign is not going to stand. יהוה shall seek for Himself a man after His own heart, and יהוה shall command him to be leader over His people, because you have not guarded what יהוה commanded you.”'
Shemu’ĕl Aleph (1 Samuel) 13:14
'And יהוה said to Shemu’ĕl, “How long are you going to mourn for Sha’ul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Yisra’ĕl? Fill your horn with oil, and go, I am sending you to Yishai the Bĕyth Leḥemite. For I have seen among his sons a sovereign for Myself.”'
Shemu’ĕl Aleph (1 Samuel) 16:1
'And Shemu’ĕl said to Yishai, “Are these all the young men?” And he said, “There remains yet the youngest, and see, he is tending the sheep.” And Shemu’ĕl said to Yishai, “Send and bring him, for we do not turn round till he comes here.” And he sent and brought him in. And he was ruddy, with bright eyes, and handsome. And יהוה said, “Arise, anoint him, for this is the one!”'
Shemu’ĕl Aleph (1 Samuel) 16:11-12
'And Shemu’ĕl took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of יהוה came upon Dawiḏ from that day and onwards. And Shemu’ĕl arose and went to Ramah.'
Shemu’ĕl Aleph (1 Samuel) 16:13
Story of Golyath (Shemu’ĕl Aleph (1 Samuel) 17)
'And the days that Dawiḏ reigned over Yisra’ĕl was forty years. He reigned seven years in Ḥeḇron, and in Yerushalayim he reigned thirty-three years.'
'Watch over your heart with all diligence, For out of it are the sources of life. Turn away from you a crooked mouth, And put perverse lips far from you. Let your eyes look forward, And your eyelids look straight before you. Consider the path of your feet, And all your ways are established. Do not turn to the right or the left; Turn your foot away from evil.'
'And the women, her neighbours, gave him a name, saying, “There is a son born to Na‛omi.” And they called his name Oḇĕḏ. He was the father of Yishai, the father of Dawiḏ.'
'And having removed him, He raised up for them Dawiḏ as sovereign, to whom also He gave witness and said, ‘I have found Dawiḏ the son of Yishai, a man after My own heart, who shall do all My desires.’ ”'
'And we know that all matters work together for good to those who love Elohim, to those who are called according to his purpose.'
'Do not be led astray: Elohim is not mocked, for whatever a man sows, that he shall also reap. Because he who sows to his own flesh shall reap corruption from the flesh, but he who sows to the Spirit shall reap everlasting life from the Spirit.'
'And what more shall I say? For the time would fail me to relate of Gid‛on and Baraq and Shimshon and Yiphtaḥ, also of Dawiḏ and Shemu’ĕl and the prophets, who through belief, overcame reigns, worked righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, became mighty in battle, put foreign armies to flight.'
Strong’s Definition:
דָּוִד Dâvid, daw-veed'; rarely (fully); דָּוִיד Dâvîyd; from the same as H1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse:—David.
Brown-Driver-Briggs:
דָּוִד, דָּוִיד 1066 proper name, masculine David, son of יִשַׂי, king of Israel, whose dynasty remained on the throne of Jerusalem till the Babylonian exile (compare 2 Samuel 7:11-15 etc.) (beloved one ? compare BaNB 189; according to SayceModern Rev. 1884, 158 ff.; Rel. Babylonian 53, 56 f. originally Dodo, title of sun-god worshipped in Israel compare דודה name of divinity among east Jordan Israelites MI12) — דָּוִד always Ruth, Samuel, Kings (except 1 Kings 3:14; 1 Kings 11:4, 36) Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Isaiah, Jeremiah; also 1 Chronicles 13:6; Ezekiel 34:24; Ezekiel 37:24, 25 (with + 790 times); דָּוִיד always Zechariah, Chronicles (except 1 Chronicles 13:6), Ezra, Nehemiah; also Amos 6:5 (where gloss according to PetersHebraica. Apr. 1886, p. 175) Amos 9:11; Hosea 3:5; Ezekiel 34:23; 1 Kings 3:14; 1 Kings 11:4, 36; Songs 4:4 (with + 276 times); — first named 1 Samuel 16:13; compare also Ruth 4:17, 22; 2 Samuel 1:1 +, 1 Kings 1:1 +, 1 Kings 2:1 +, etc. (see above); in titles of Psalm 3:1; 4:1; 5:1; 6:1; 7:1; 8:1; 9:1; Psalm 11:1; 12:1; 13:1; 14:1; 15:1; 16:1; 17:1; 18:1; 19:1; 20:1; 21:1; 22:1; 23:1; 24:1; 25:1; 26:1; 27:1; 28:1; 29:1; 30:1; 31:1; 32:1; Psalm 34:1; 35:1; 36:1; 37:1; 38:1; 39:1; 40:1; 41:1; Psalm 51:1; 52:1; 53:1; 54:1; 55:1; 56:1; 57:1; 58:1; 59:1; 60:1; 61:1; 62:1; 63:1; 64:1; 65:1, Psalm 68:1; 69:1; 70:1; Psalm 86:1; Psalm 101:1; Psalm 103:1; Psalm 108:1; 109:1; 110:1; Psalm 122:1; Psalm 124:1; Psalm 131:1; Psalm 133:1; Psalm 138:1; 139:1; 140:1; 141:1; 142:1; 143:1; 144:1; 145:1 (73 in all); also in Psalm 18:51 (= 2 Samuel 22:51); Psalm 72:20; Psalm 89:36; Psalm 89:50; Psalm 122:5; Psalm 132:1, Psalm 132:11, Psalm 132:17; עַבְדִּי ד׳ (י׳ speaks) 2 Samuel 3:18; 2 Samuel 7:5, 8 = 1 Chronicles 17:4, 7 compare 1 Chronicles 17:26 = 1 Chronicles 17:24, also 1 Kings 8:24, 25, 26, 66 2 Chronicles 6:15; 6:16; 6:17; 6:42, 1 Kings 11:13; 1 Kings 11:32; 1 Kings 11:34; 1 Kings 11:36; 1 Kings 11:38; 1 Kings 14:8; 2 Kings 8:19; 2 Kings 19:34 = Isaiah 37:35; 2 Kings 20:6; compare further Psalm 18:1; Psalm 36:1 (both titles compare above) Psalm 78:70; Psalm 89:4; Psalm 89:21; Psalm 132:10; Psalm 144:10; Jeremiah 33:21, 22, 26; so also as represented in coming (Messianic) ruler Ezekiel 34:23, 24; Ezekiel 37:24, 25, compare Hosea 3:5; Jeremiah 30:9 (see עֶבֶד). Phrases are:
a. עִיר ד׳ (according to SayceMod. Rev. l.c. originally city of god Dod[o]) = stronghold or citadel of Zion, 2 Samuel 5:7, 9 = 1 Chronicles 11:5, 7; 2 Samuel 6:10, 12, 16 = 1 Chronicles 13:13; 1 Chronicles 15:1, 29, compare Isaiah 22:9; especially of burial of kings 1 Kings 2:10; 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 8:1; 2 Chronicles 5:2; 1 Kings 9:24; 2 Chronicles 8:11; 1 Kings 11:27; 1 Kings 11:43; 2 Chronicles 9:31; 1 Kings 14:13; 1 Kings 15:8; 2 Chronicles 12:16; 2 Chronicles 13:23; 1 Kings 15:24; 2 Chronicles 9:31; 1 Kings 14:31; 1 Kings 15:8; 2 Chronicles 12:16; 2 Chronicles 13:23; 1 Kings 15:24; 2 Chronicles 16:14; 1 Kings 22:50; 2 Chronicles 21:1; 2 Kings 8:24; 2 Chronicles 21:20; 2 Kings 9:28; 2 Kings 12:22 [2 Kings 12:21] 2 Chronicles 24:25; 2 Kings 14:20; 2 Kings 15:7, 2 Kings 15:38; 2 Chronicles 27:9; 2 Kings 16:20; burial of Jehoiada 2 Chronicles 24:16; further 2 Chronicles 32:5, 30; 33:14; Nehemiah 12:37; compare also קִרְיַת חָנָה ד׳; Isaiah 29:1.
b. בֵּית ד׳ 2 Samuel 3:1, 6 + (compare בַּיִת 5c.
c. אֹהֶל ד׳ Isaiah 16:5 (compare אֹהֶל 2).
d. סֻכַּת ד׳ Amos 9:11 (compare סֻכָּה below סכך).
e. כִּסֵּא ד׳ 2 Samuel 3:10 compare 1 Kings 1:37; 1 Kings 2:12, 24, 45; Isaiah 9:6; Jeremiah 17:25; Jeremiah 22:2, 30; Jeremiah 29:16; Jeremiah 36:30; compare Jeremiah 13:13; Jeremiah 22:4, (compare also כִּסֵּא).
f. קִבְרֵי ד׳ Nehemiah 3:16 compare 2 Chronicles 32:33 קִבְרֵי בְנֵידֿ׳ (compare קֶבֶר).
g. מִגְדַּל ד׳ Songs 4:4.
h. אישׁ האלהים כְּלֵישִֿׁיר ד׳ Nehemiah 12:36.
i. אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 Kings 20:5 + (compare אֱלֹהִים 4b).
j. חַסְדֵי ד׳ 2 Chronicles 6:42; Isaiah 55:3 (compare 2 Samuel 7:15; 1 Kings 3:6; Psalm 89:50; 2 Chronicles 1:8 etc.). — (On text note the following: — דָּוִד 1 Samuel 30:20a strike out Greek Version of the LXX Targum We Dr; 2 Samuel 3:5 read probably name of a former husband of Eglah We Dr; 2 Samuel 13:39 read רוּחַ Wep.223 Dr; 2 Samuel 19:44 [2 Samuel 19:43] read בְּכוֺר (for בדוד) Greek Version of the LXX The We Dr; insert דָּוִד 2 Samuel 9:11; 2 Samuel 15:32 & 2 Samuel 24:15 Greek Version of the LXX We Dr; in 1 Chronicles 18:12; Psalm 60:1 אבשׁי & יואב are less original than דָּוִד 2 Samuel 8:13 We Dr).
Gesenius’ Hebrew Lexicon:
דָּוִד , in the Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Zechariah, more rarely in the more ancient books (Hos. 3:5) דָּוִד (“beloved,” par. pass. from [] i.q. []), [David], pr. n. of a son of Jesse, the second of the kings of the Israelites, 1055-1015, B.C.: very celebrated on account of his wars successfully waged, and not less so on account of his sacred songs. As to his life, see especially 1 Sa. 16, to the end of 2 Sa. 1 Ch. 12-30. This name denotes Messiah the son of David, i.q. דָּוִד [] Eze. 34:23, 24; 37:24, elsewhere i.q. דָּוִד [] [?] Hos. 3:5. דָּוִד [] the city of David, i.e. Zion, 1 Ki. 3:1; 8:1; 9:24. דָּוִד [] the family, the descendants of David, Isa. 7:2, 13; Jer. 21:12.
Jastrow’s Dictionary of Targums:
דָּוִד, דָּיִיד (b. h.) pr. n. m. David, King of Israel. Ber. 4ᵃ; a. v. fr.—בן ד׳ or ד׳ (= משיח) the son of David (the David of the future), the redeemer of Israel from captivity. Snh. 98ᵇ ד׳ אחר a second David. R. Hash. 25ᵃ (a secret watchword) ד׳ מלך וכ׳ David, the King of Israel, is alive &c. Y. Ber. II, 5ᵃ top. Yeb. 62ᵃ; a. fr.
https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h1732/kjv/wlc/0-1/
Strong’s Definition:
יִשַׁי Yishay, yee-shah'-ee; by Aramaic אִישַׁי ʼÎyshay; from the same as H3426; extant; Jishai, David's father:—Jesse.
Brown-Driver-Briggs:
יִשַׁי 41 proper name, masculine father of David (etymology dubious; Ol§ 277 f. conjecture יֵשׁ יָהּ; We1 Samuel 14:49 ישׁי = אישׁי = אבישׁי (but see this)) — יִשַׁי 1 Samuel 16:3 + 29 times; יִשָׁ֑י 1 Samuel 16:19 + 10 times; Greek Version of the LXX Ιεσσαι; (וְ)אִישַׁי 1 Chronicles 2:13; — יִשַׁי בֵּיתֿ הַלַּחְמִי jesse the Bethlehemite 1 Samuel 16:1, 18 (בֶּןיֿשׁי וגו׳, of David), 1 Samuel 17:58; ישׁי also 1 Samuel 16:3 + 14 times 1 Samuel 16:17; † son of עוֺבֵד according to Ruth 4:17, 22 (twice in verse) = 1 Chronicles 2:12; דָּוִ(י)ד בֶּןיֿשׁי 2 Samuel 23:1; 1 Chronicles 10:14; 1 Chronicles 29:26; Psalm 72:20; אֱלִיאָב בֶּןיֿשׁי 2 Chronicles 11:18; elsewhere בֶּןיֿשׁי alone = David, 1 Samuel 20:27, 30, 31; 1 Samuel 22:7, 8, 9, 13; 1 Samuel 25:10; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16 = 2 Chronicles 10:16; 1 Chronicles 12:18; גֶּזַע יִשָׁ֑י Isaiah 11:1; שֹׁרֶשׁ יְשֵׁי Isaiah 11:10 of Jesse as ancestor of future (Messianic) king†.
Gesenius’ Hebrew Lexicon:
wy (perhaps “wealthy,” see & No. 1). pr. n. Jesse, a shepherd of Bethlehem, the father of King David, who, as being of humble birth, was called contemptuously by his enemies Y12 1 Sa. 20:27, 30,31; 29:7,8; 2 Sam. 20:1; 1 Ki. 12:16 (1 Sam. 16:1, seq.); the stem of Jesse, Isa. 11:1; poet. used of the family of David, and the root, i. e. the shoot of Jesse, ib. ver.10, used of the Messiah. [Compare Rev. 22:16, “TI am the root and offspring of David;” root can never be put for shoot as suggested by Gesenius, but the Lord Jesus Christ, son of God and gon of David, was both.] LXX. 'leeoai.
Jastrow’s Dictionary of Targums:
יִשַׁי (b. h.) pr. n. m. Jesse, father of king David. Ber. 58ᵃ. Pes. 119ᵃ; a. fr.
https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h3448/kjv/wlc/0-1/
“The verse states: “And he walked upon the roof of the king’s house; from the roof he saw a woman bathing, and the woman was very fair to look upon” (II Samuel 11:2). Bathsheba was shampooing her head behind a beehive, which concealed her from sight. Satan came and appeared to David as a bird. David shot an arrow at the bird, the arrow severed the beehive, Bathsheba was exposed, and David saw her.”
Sanhedrin 107a
https://www.sefaria.org/Sanhedrin.107a.5?lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en