2020 PGP Presidential Nominating Election Results and Apportionment
Allocation of presidential delegates, as announced before the election, is by Hare Quota Party List, Largest Remainder method, on the earliest single-elimination IRV round for which all remaining candidates qualify for a delegate. IRV tabulation is here. Bear in mind that the IRV count is merely an elimination method for apportionment and the election need not proceed to the last-round single winner.
Quota for rounds 1 through 5 is 59/7 = 8.428 votes. There is no need in largest remainder scoring to reduce this to the integer portion, however the result would be the same as will be discussed later. Score for each round S = votes/quota.
R1 | S1 | R2 | S2 | R3 | S3 | R4 | S4 | R5 | S5 | |
Howie | 25 | 2.966 | 25 | 2.966 | 25 | 2.966 | 25 | 2.966 | 25 | 2.966 |
Dario | 19 | 2.25 | 19 | 2.25 | 19 | 2.25 | 19 | 2.25 | 19 | 2.25 |
Sedinam | 7 | .830 | 7 | .830 | 9 | 1.068 | 10 | 1.186 | 11 | 1.305 |
Dennis | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | 3 | .356 | 4 | .474 |
Chad | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | ||
Susan | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | ||||
David | 2 | .237 | 2 | .237 | ||||||
Kent | 0 | 0 |
Largest Remainder apportionment proceeds by awarding one delegate for each integer of a candidate's score, then awarding the remaining delegates to the decimal portions of the score in descending order.
R1: Howie 2, Dario 2, Howie 1 (.966), Sedinam 1 (.830), Dario 1 (.25), 5 candidates unqualified.
R2: Howie 2, Dario 2, Howie 1 (.966), Sedinam 1 (.830), Dario 1 (.25), 4 candidates unqualified.
R3: Howie 2, Dario 2, Sedinam 1, Howie 1 (.966), Dario 1 (.25), 3 candidates unqualified.
R4: Howie 2, Dario 2, Sedinam 1, Howie 1 (.966), Dennis 1 (.356), 1 candidate unqualified.
R5 Howie 2, Dario 2, Sedinam 1, Howie 1 (.966,) Dennis 1 (.474) 0 candidates unqualified.
With all candidates from Round 5 qualified, the count is done.
Result: Howie 3, Dario 2, Sedinam, 1, Dennis 1.
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Discussion and Comparisons
Here's the table if we had used a truncated integer 8 for Hare. 8 would also be the Droop quota = int(1 + 59/8).
R1 | S1 | R2 | S2 | R3 | S3 | R4 | S4 | R5 | S5 | |
Howie | 25 | 3.125 | 25 | 3.125 | 25 | 3.125 | 25 | 3.125 | 25 | 3.125 |
Dario | 19 | 2.375 | 19 | 2.375 | 19 | 2.375 | 19 | 2.375 | 19 | 2.375 |
Sedinam | 7 | .875 | 7 | .875 | 9 | 1.125 | 10 | 1.25 | 11 | 1.375 |
Dennis | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | 3 | .375 | 4 | .5 |
Chad | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | ||
Susan | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | ||||
David | 2 | .25 | 2 | .25 | ||||||
Kent | 0 | 0 |
R5 is still the earliest round where all candidates qualify, with the first 6 delegates awarded by integer and the 7th going to Dennis by largest remainder of .5.
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Hypothetical allocations by quotient methods:
Saint-Lagüe (quotient 1-3-5 -...): Round 5: Howie 25, Dario 19, Sedinam 11, Howie 8.33, Dario 6.33, Dennis 4, Sedinam 3.67. 2-2-2-1.
D'Hondt (quotient 1-2-3-...): Round 5: Howie 25, Dario 19, Sedinam 11, Howie 12.5, Dario 9.5, Howie 6.25, Sedinam 5.5; Dennis not qualified
Round 6: Howie 26, Dario 21, Sedinam 11, Howie 13, Dario 10.5, Howie 6.5, Sedinam 5.5 3-2-2.
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IRV Single Elimination: We anticipated last-place ties and decided to use the OpaVote default of single elimination by tie-break. This is generally preferable when some of the losing candidates still have a chance to become viable by transfer among each other. Simultaneous elimination is sometimes used when multiple tied candidates have no chance of overtaking the next candidate in a purely IRV election. However, viability in this combined method concerns merely their chance of qualifying for a delegate by gaining a sufficient proportion of the apportionment quota. With 8 total votes among the initial last-place tie, and still 6 total in round 3, this was always possible (and indeed happened), so they were all viable and a simultaneous elimination would have been unjustified.
Inspection of the vote transfers in this case reveals votes transferred to Dennis from Susan's and Chad's ballots. Both of David's transferred to Sedinam. Two votes would eventually have transferred from Dennis to Dario in IRV round 6. Dario could have received those votes earlier only if Dennis were eliminated before both Susan and Chad.
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US Senate: Taher 34 Lugo 26 https://www.opavote.com/results/6477505458339840/1
All unopposed candidates won with at most a few “No” votes.
CD 3 (DiBlasi): https://www.opavote.com/reports/6477505458339840/2?style=txt
CD 4 (Hoffay): https://www.opavote.com/reports/6477505458339840/3?style=txt
Sec of State (Paravicini): https://www.opavote.com/reports/6477505458339840/4?style=txt
State House 17 (Dehne): https://www.opavote.com/reports/6477505458339840/5?style=txt
State House 23 (Polikoff): https://www.opavote.com/results/6477505458339840/6
Benton Co Commission (Beilstein): https://www.opavote.com/results/6477505458339840/7
Treasurer (Henry (P)): https://www.opavote.com/results/6477505458339840/8