TERM

TRANSLATION

DEFINITION

EMPIRE (noun)

imperio

a group of countries with one ruler

GOVERNMENT (noun)

gobierno

a group of people that governs a country

KINGDOM (noun)

reino

a country with king or queen

MONARCHY (noun)

monarquía

the system of government in a kingdom

REPUBLIC (noun)

república

a system of government in which a group of people governs the country. There is no king and queen

TO RULE (verb)

ejercer el poder

to be in charge of a country

TO FARM (verb)

plantar y criar animales

to grow crops (cultivos) and keeping animals

TO IRRIGATE (verb)

regar

to supply water to the land so that crops will grow

SLAVE (noun)

esclavo

a person who is owned by, and must work for, another person.

SOCIAL CLASS/GROUP (noun)

clase o grupo social

a group of people in a society who have similar rights, wealth (riqueza) and power

TRADE (noun/verb)

comercio

buying and selling things or exchange them

ARMY (noun)

ejército

to organize a group of soldiers

TO CONQUER (verb)

conquistar

to take control of another country by winning a war

TO DEFEAT (verb)

derrotar

to win against your enemy in a battle or war

TO INVADE (verb)

invadir

to enter a country with an army

TO SURRENDER (verb)

rendirse

to stop fighting and admit that you have been defeated

WEAPON (noun)

arma

an object that is used for hunting or fighting

GOD /GODDESS (noun)

dios/diosa

a supernatural being who has power over the forces of nature

TEMPLE (noun)

templo

a house for the gods

TO WORSHIP (verb)

adorar

to show respect for a god by praying and performing rituals

CAVE PAINTING (noun)

pintura rupestre/parietal

a prehistoric painting on the wall of a cave, often showing animals and hunting scenes

HIEROGLYPH (noun)

jeroglífico

a symbol used in ancient Egypt to represent a word or a sound

POTTERY (noun)

cerámica

objects made out of clay that are baked in an oven to make them go hard

TOMB (noun)

tumba

a place where you bury people when they die