The following tables are supplementary to the draft paper presented at the CPSA 2019 conference in Vancouver, BC.
Table 1: Selected Characteristics of Three Mid-Size Municipalities
Metric | Waterloo Region | Hamilton | London |
Type of local government | Upper tier | Single tier | Single tier |
Population (CMA, 2016)[1] | 523,894 | 747,545 | 494,069 |
Population (CA, % in CMA) | 523,894 (100%) | 536,917 (72%) | 383,822 (78%) |
Included in Places to Grow[2] | Yes | Yes | No |
Included in Metrolinx planning area | No | Yes | No |
2015 transit ridership (annual)[3] | 20,327,109 | 21,906,762 | 22,369,165 |
Composition of council | 15 + Regional Chair | 15 + Mayor | 14 + Mayor |
Number of electoral districts[4] | 4 (5) | 4 (5) | 4 |
Transit Operator | Grand River Transit | Hamilton Street Railway | London Transit Commission |
Type of Transit Operator | Internal | Internal | Commission |
Postsecondary Institutions | Conestoga College University of Waterloo St. Jerome’s Renison Conrad Grebel St. Paul’s | Mohawk College McMaster University | Fanshawe College Western University Brescia Huron King’s |
Table 2: Elected Officials at the Municipal Level, 2006-2018
Municipality | 2006-2010 | 2010-2014 | 2014-2018 | 2018-2022 | |
Regional Chair | Region | Ken Seiling | Ken Seiling | Ken Seiling | Karen Redman |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | Jim Wideman | Jim Wideman | Karen Redman | Elizabeth Clarke |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | Tom Galloway | Tom Galloway | Tom Galloway | Tom Galloway |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | Jane Haalboom | Jane Haalboom | Wayne Wettlaufer | Michael D. Harris |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | Jake Smola | Geoff Lorentz | Geoff Lorentz | Geoff Lorentz |
Regional Councillor | Waterloo | Sean Strickland | Sean Strickland | Sean Strickland | Sean Strickland |
Regional Councillor | Waterloo | Jane Mitchell | Jane Mitchell | Jane Mitchell | Jim Erb |
Regional Councillor | Cambridge | Jane Brewer | Jane Brewer | Karl Kiefer | Karl Kiefer |
Regional Councillor | Cambridge | Claudette Millar | Claudette Millar | Helen Jowett | Helen Jowett |
Mayor | Kitchener | Carl Zehr | Carl Zehr | Barry Vrbanovic | Barry Vrbanovic |
Mayor | Waterloo | Brenda Halloran | Brenda Halloran | Dave Jaworsky | Dave Jaworsky |
Mayor | Cambridge | Doug Craig | Doug Craig | Doug Craig | Kathryn McGarry |
Mayor | North Dumfries | Kim Denouden | Robert Deutschmann | Sue Foxton | Sue Foxton |
Mayor | Wellesley | Ross Kelterborn | Ross Kelterborn | Joe Nowak | Joe Nowak |
Mayor | Wilmot | Wayne Roth | Les Armstrong | Les Armstrong | Les Armstrong |
Mayor | Woolwich | William Strauss | Todd Cowan | Sandy Shantz | Sandy Shantz |
Mayor | Hamilton | Fred Eisenberger | Bob Bratina | Fred Eisenberger | Fred Eisenberger |
Ward 1 | Hamilton | Brian McHattie | Brian McHattie | Aidan Johnson | Maureen Wilson |
Ward 2 | Hamilton | Bob Bratina | Jason Farr | Jason Farr | Jason Farr |
Ward 3 | Hamilton | Bernie Morelli | Bernie Morelli | Matthew Green | Nrinder Nann |
Ward 4 | Hamilton | Sam Merulla | Sam Merulla | Sam Merulla | Sam Merulla |
Ward 5 | Hamilton | Chad Collins | Chad Collins | Chad Collins | Chad Collins |
Ward 6 | Hamilton | Tom Jackson | Tom Jackson | Tom Jackson | Tom Jackson |
Ward 7 | Hamilton | Scott Duvall | Scott Duvall | Scott Duvall / Donna Skelly | Esther Pauls |
Ward 8 | Hamilton | Terry Whitehead | Terry Whitehead | Terry Whitehead | John-Paul Danko |
Ward 9 | Hamilton | Brad Clark | Brad Clark | Doug Conley | Brad Clark |
Ward 10 | Hamilton | Maria Pearson | Maria Pearson | Maria Pearson | Maria Pearson |
Ward 11 | Hamilton | David Mitchell | Brenda Johnson | Brenda Johnson | Brenda Johnson |
Ward 12 | Hamilton | Lloyd Ferguson | Lloyd Ferguson | Lloyd Ferguson | Lloyd Ferguson |
Ward 13 | Hamilton | Russ Powers | Russ Powers | Arlene Vanderbeek | Arlene Vanderbeek |
Ward 14 | Hamilton | Robert Pasuta | Robert Pasuta | Robert Pasuta | Terry Whitehead |
Ward 15 | Hamilton | Judi Partridge | Judi Partridge | Judi Partridge | Judi Partridge |
Mayor | London | Anne-Marie Decicco-Best | Joe Fontana Joni Baechler[5] | Matt Brown | Ed Holder |
Controller | London | Tom Gosnell | |||
Controller | London | Gina Barber | |||
Controller | London | Bud Polhill | |||
Controller | London | Gord Hume | |||
Ward 1 | London | Roger Caranci | Bud Polhill | Michael van Holst | Michael van Holst |
Ward 2 | London | Bill Armstrong | Bill Armstrong | Bill Armstrong | Shawn Lewis |
Ward 3 | London | Bernie Macdonald | Joe Swan | Mo Salih | Mo Salih |
Ward 4 | London | Stephen Orser | Stephen Orser | Jesse Helmer | Jesse Helmer |
Ward 5 | London | Joni Baechler | Joni Baechler Russ Monteith[6] | Maureen Cassidy | Maureen Cassidy |
Ward 6 | London | Nancy Branscombe | Nancy Branscombe | Phil Squire | Phil Squire |
Ward 7 | London | Walter Lonc | Matt Brown | Josh Morgan | Josh Morgan |
Ward 8 | London | Paul Hubert | Paul Hubert | Paul Hubert | Steve Lehman |
Ward 9 | London | Susan Eagle | Dale Henderson | Anna Hopkins | Anna Hopkins |
Ward 10 | London | Paul Van Meerbergen | Paul Van Meerbergen | Virginia Ridley | Paul Van Meerbergen |
Ward 11 | London | David Winniger | Denise Brown | Stephen Turner | Stephen Turner |
Ward 12 | London | Harold Usher | Harold Usher | Harold Usher | Elizabeth Peloza |
Ward 13 | London | Judy Bryant | Judy Bryant | Tanya Park | Arielle Kayabaga |
Ward 14 | London | Cheryl Miller | Sandy White | Jared Zaifman | Steve Hillier |
Table 3: MPPs and MPs, 2006-2018
Electoral District | 2006-2010 | 2010-2014 | 2014-2018 | 2018-2022 | |
MPP | KItchener-Waterloo | Elizabeth Witmer | Elizabeth Witmer Catherine Fife | Catherine Fife | |
MPP | Waterloo | Catherine Fife | Catherine Fife | ||
MPP | Kitchener Centre | John MIlloy | John MIlloy Daiene Vernile | Daiene Vernile Laura Mae Lindo | Laura Mae Lindo |
MPP | Kitchener-Conestoga | Leanna Prendergast | Michael Harris | Michael D. Harris Mike Harris Jr | Mike Harris Jr |
MPP | Cambridge | Gerry Martiniuk Rob Leone | Rob Leone Kathyrn McGarry | Kathryn McGarry Belinda Karahalios | Belinda Karahalios |
MP | Kitchener-Waterloo | Andrew Telegdi Peter Braid | Peter Braid | Peter Braid | |
MP | Waterloo | Bardish Chagger | Bardish Chagger | ||
MP | Kichener Centre | Karen Redman Stephen Woodworth | Stephen Woodworth | Raj Saini | Raj Saini |
MP | Kitchener-Conestoga | Harold Albrecht | Harold Albrecht | Harold Albrecht | Harold Albrecht |
MP | Cambridge | Gary Goodyear | Gary Goodyear | Brian May | Brian May |
MPP | Hamilton Centre | Andrea Horwath | Andrea Horwath | Andrea Horwath | Andrea Horwath |
MPP | Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale | Ted McMeekin | Ted McMeekin | Ted McMeekin | Sandy Shaw |
MPP | Flamborough Glanbrook | Donna Skelly | |||
MPP | Hamilton Mountain | Marie Bountrogianni Sophia Aggelonitis | Sophia Aggelonitis Monique Taylor | Monique Taylor | Monique Taylor |
MPP | Hamilton East -- Stoney Creek | Paul Miller | Paul Miller | Paul Miller | Paul Miller |
MP | Hamilton Centre | David Christopherson | David Christopherson | David Christopherson | David Christopherson |
MP | Hamilton Mountain | Chris Charlton | Chris Charlton | Chris Charlton Scott Duvall | Scott Duvall |
MP | Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale | Russ Powers David Sweet | David Sweet | David Sweet Filomena Tassi | Filomena Tassi |
MP | Flamborough Glanbrook | David Sweet | David Sweet | ||
MP | Hamilton East -- Stoney Creek | Tony Valeri Wayne Marston | Wayne Marston | Wayne Marston Bob Bratina | Bob Bratina |
MPP | Elgin-Middlesex-London | Steve Peters | Jeff Yurek | Jeff Yurek | Jeff Yurek |
MPP | London Fanshawe | Khalil Ramal | Khalil Ramal Teresa Armstrong | Teresa Armstrong | Teresa Armstrong |
MPP | London North Centre | Deb Matthews | Deb Matthews | Deb Matthews Terence Kernaghan | Terence Kernaghan |
MPP | London West | Chris Bentley | Chris Bentley Peggy Sattler | Peggy Sattler | Peggy Sattler |
MP | Elgin-Middlesex-London | Joe Preston | Joe Preston | Joe Preston Karen Vecchio | Karen Vecchio |
MP | London Fanshawe | Irene Mathyssen | Irene Mathyssen | Irene Mathyssen | Irene Mathyssen |
MP | London North Centre | Joe Fontana Glen Pearson | Glen Pearson Susan Truppe | Susan Truppe Peter Fragiskatos | Peter Fragiskatos |
MP | London West | Sue Barnes Ed Holder | Ed Holder | Ed Holder Kate Young | Kate Young |
Table 4: Non-Elected Officials, 2006-2018
Municipality / Organization | 2006-2010 | 2010-2014 | 2014-2018 | 2018-2022 | |
CAO | Region of Waterloo | Mike Murray | Mike Murray | Mike Murray | Mike Murray |
President | University of Waterloo | David Johnston Feridun Hamdullahpur | Feridun Hamdullahpur | Feridun Hamdullahpur | Feridun Hamdullahpur |
President | Conestoga College | John Tibbits | John Tibbits | John Tibbits | John Tibbits |
President/CEO | KW Chamber of Commerce | Joan Fisk | Ian McLean | Ian McLean | Ian McLean |
President/CEO | Communitech (RIC) | Iain Klugman | Iain Klugman | Iain Klugman | Iain Klugman |
CEO | Grand River Hospital | Malcolm Maxwell | Malcolm Maxwell | Malcolm Maxwell Ron Gagnon | Ron Gagnon |
President/CEO | Explore Waterloo Region (Tourism) | Susan Cudahy | Tracey Desjardins Minto Schneider | Minto Schneider | Minto Schneider |
President/CEO | Canada's Technology Triangle Waterloo EDC | John Jung | John Jung | Tony LaMantia | Tony Lamantia |
Executive Director | Uptown Waterloo BIA | Patti Brooks | Patti Brooks | Patti Brooks Tracy Van Kalsbeek | Tracy Van Kaslbeek |
General Manager | Kitchener BIA | Mark Garner | Mark Garner Shannon Weber | Linda Jutzi | |
CAO | City of Hamilton | Glen Peace | Glen Peace Chris Murray | Chris Murray | Chris Murray |
President | McMaster University | Peter George | Peter George Patrick Deane | Patrick Deane | Patrick Deane |
President | Mohawk College | Rob MacIsaac | Rob MacIsaac Rob McKerlie | Rob McKerlie | Rob McKerlie |
CEO | Chamber of Commerce | Sophia Aggelonitis David Adames | David Adames Keanin Loomis | Keanin Loomis | Keanin Loomis |
CEO | Hamilton Economic Development | Neil Everson | Neil Everson | Neil Everson Glen Norton | Glen Norton |
President & CEO | Hamilton Health Sciences | Murray Martin | Murray Martin Rob MacIsaac | Rob MacIsaac | Rob MacIsaac |
President & CEO | Innovation Factory (RIC) | Ron Neumann David Carter | David Carter | David Carter | |
General Manager | Tourism Hamilton | David Adames | David Adames | ||
Executive Director | Downtown BIA | Kathy Drewitt | Kathy Drewitt Kerry Jarvi | Kerry Jarvi | Kerry Jarvi |
CAO | City of London | Jeff Fielding | Jeff Fielding Tim Dobbie Art Zuidema | Art Zuidema Martin Hayward | Martin Hayward |
President | Western University | Paul Davenport Amit Chakma | Amit Chakma | Amit Chakma | Amit Chakma Alan Shepherd |
President | Fanshawe College | Howard Rundle | Howard Rundle Peter Devlin | Peter Devlin | Peter Devlin |
President/CEO | Chamber of Commerce | Gerry Macartney | Gerry Macartney | Gerry Macartney | Gerry Macartney |
CEO | LEDC | Peter White | Peter White Kapil Lakhotia | Kapil Lakohtia | Kapil Lakohtia |
President & CEO | London Health Sciences Centre | Cliff Nordal Bonnie Adamson | Bonnie Adamson Murray Glendining | Murray Glendining Paul Woods | Paul Woods |
President & CEO | Tech Alliance (RIC) | Marilyn Sinclair | Marilyn Sinclair | Marilyn Sinclair | Marilyn Sinclair |
General Manager | Tourism London | John Winston | John Winston | John Winston | John Winston |
Executive Director | London Development Institute | Jim Kennedy | Jim Kennedy | Jim Kennedy Bill Veitch | Bill Veitch |
General Manager | Downtown London BIA | Janette Macdonald | Janette Macdonald | Janette Macdonald | Janette Macdonald |
Manager | Old East Village BIA | Sarah Merritt | Sarah Merritt | Sarah Merritt Jen Pastorius | Jen Pastorius |
Table 5: Stability Ratios, Non-Elected Positions and Elected Officials, 2006-2018
Municipality / Organization | ||
CAO | Region of Waterloo | 1 |
President | University of Waterloo | 2 |
President | Conestoga College | 1 |
President/CEO | KW Chamber of Commerce | 2 |
President/CEO | Communitech (RIC) | 1 |
CEO | Grand River Hospital | 2 |
President/CEO | Explore Waterloo Region (Tourism) | 3 |
President/CEO | Canada's Technology Triangle Waterloo EDC | 2 |
Executive Director | Uptown Waterloo BIA | 2 |
General Manager | Kitchener BIA | 3 |
Overall | 1.9 | |
CAO | City of Hamilton | 2 |
President | McMaster University | 2 |
President | Mohawk College | 2 |
CEO | Chamber of Commerce | 3 |
CEO | Hamilton Economic Development | 2 |
President & CEO | Hamilton Health Sciences | 1 |
President & CEO | Innovation Factory (RIC) | 2 |
General Manager | Tourism Hamilton | 1 |
Executive Director | Downtown BIA | 2 |
Overall | 1.9 | |
CAO | City of London | 4 |
President | Western University | 3 |
President | Fanshawe College | 2 |
President/CEO | Chamber of Commerce | 1 |
CEO | LEDC | 2 |
President & CEO | London Health Sciences Centre | 4 |
President & CEO | Tech Alliance (RIC) | 1 |
General Manager | Tourism London | 1 |
Executive Director | London Development Institute | 2 |
General Manager | Downtown London BIA | 1 |
Manager | Old East Village BIA | 2 |
Overall | 2.1 | |
Regional Chair | Region | 2 |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | 2 |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | 1 |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | 3 |
Regional Councillor | Kitchener | 2 |
Regional Councillor | Waterloo | 1 |
Regional Councillor | Waterloo | 2 |
Regional Councillor | Cambridge | 2 |
Regional Councillor | Cambridge | 2 |
Mayor | Kitchener | 2 |
Mayor | Waterloo | 2 |
Mayor | Cambridge | 2 |
Mayor | North Dumfries | 3 |
Mayor | Wellesley | 2 |
Mayor | Wilmot | 2 |
Mayor | Woolwich | 3 |
Overall | 2.1 | |
Mayor | Hamilton | 2 |
Ward 1 | Hamilton | 3 |
Ward 2 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 3 | Hamilton | 3 |
Ward 4 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 5 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 6 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 7 | Hamilton | 3 |
Ward 8 | Hamilton | 2 |
Ward 9 | Hamilton | 2 |
Ward 10 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 11 | Hamilton | 2 |
Ward 12 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 13 | Hamilton | 2 |
Ward 14 | Hamilton | 1 |
Ward 15 | Hamilton | 1 |
Overall | 1.7 | |
Mayor | London | 5 |
Ward 1 | London | 3 |
Ward 2 | London | 2 |
Ward 3 | London | 3 |
Ward 4 | London | 2 |
Ward 5 | London | 3 |
Ward 6 | London | 2 |
Ward 7 | London | 3 |
Ward 8 | London | 2 |
Ward 9 | London | 3 |
Ward 10 | London | 2 |
Ward 11 | London | 3 |
Ward 12 | London | 2 |
Ward 13 | London | 3 |
Ward 14 | London | 4 |
Overall | 2.8 | |
MPP | Kitchener-Waterloo | 2 |
MPP | Waterloo | 0 |
MPP | Kitchener Centre | 3 |
MPP | KItchener-Conestoga | 3 |
MPP | Cambridge | 4 |
Overall | 2.8 | |
MP | Kitchener-Waterloo | 2 |
MP | Waterloo | 1 |
MP | Kichener Centre | 3 |
MP | Kitchener-Conestoga | 1 |
MP | Cambridge | 2 |
Overall | 2.1 | |
MPP | Hamilton Centre | 1 |
MPP | Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale | 2 |
MPP | Flamborough Glanbrook | 1 |
MPP | Hamilton Mountain | 3 |
MPP | Hamilton East -- Stoney Creek | 1 |
Overall | 1.9 | |
MP | Hamilton Centre | 1 |
MP | Hamilton Mountain | 2 |
MP | Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale | 3 |
MP | Flamborough Glanbrook | 0 |
MP | Hamilton East -- Stoney Creek | 3 |
Overall | 2.1 | |
MPP | Elgin-Middlesex-London | 2 |
MPP | London Fanshawe | 2 |
MPP | London North Centre | 2 |
MPP | London West | 2 |
Overall | 2.0 | |
MP | Elgin-Middlesex-London | 2 |
MP | London Fanshawe | 1 |
MP | London North Centre | 4 |
MP | London West | 3 |
Overall | 2.5 |
[1] Source: 2016 Census of Population.
[2] Places to Grow is the provincial growth plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe (GGH). Horak (2013) provides a good overview of how the Greenbelt Act, Places to Grow and regional transit planning were all part of the provincial government’s new task-oriented approach to addressing the problems of urban growth at a regional scale.
[3] Source: Canadian Urban Transit Association Factbook (2015).
[4] Both Waterloo Region and Hamilton increased from four electoral districts to five electoral districts during the most recent federal and provincial boundary adjustments (effective in the 2015 and 2018 elections, respectively).
[5] Partial term from June 2014 to 30 November 2014.
[6] Partial term from June 2014 to 30 November 2014, completing term of Joni Baechler, who was appointed mayor.