TMC Topic Guide

Race and ethnic politics

Created: March 2021

Last Updated: December 24, 2022

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Table of contents

Racial and ethnic attitudes

Systemic racism in the United States

Politics of identity

White supremacy in the United States

Electoral behavior

Race and electoral strategy

Race and electoral systems

Representation in politics

Race and partisanship

Race, ethnicity, and policy

Policing and criminal justice

Black Lives Matter

Race and the Trump campaigns

Racial and ethnic discrimination

Race and athletics

Race and ethnic politics around the world

Racial and ethnic attitudes

Thomas Gift, Andrew M. Bell, and Julie M. Norman, “Just seeing a Fox News logo prompts racial bias, new research suggests,” December 24, 2022.
Marisa A. Abrajano, Marianna Garcia, Aaron Pope, and Robert Vidigal, “Latinos who use Spanish-language social media get more misinformation,” November 8, 2022.
Michelle Bueno Vásquez, Yalidy Matos, and Domingo Morel, “Afro-Latino politicians could bridge the African American-Latino divide,” October 25, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, Alisson Ramos, Crystal Robertson, and Bianca V. Vicuña, “Why are prominent Los Angeles Latinos saying such racist things?” October 13, 2022.
Yamil Ricardo Velez, “Will misinformation keep Latinos from voting in the midterms?” September 30, 2022.
Lucy Britt, “Memorial Day was political from the beginning. Here’s how the holiday was shaped by race and the Civil War,” May 30, 2022.
Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Marcus Board, Jr., “When do communities of color favor more policing?” May 19, 2022.
Claire Adida, Adeline Lo, Melina Platas, Lauren Prather, and Scott Williamson, “Americans see Afghan and Ukrainian refugees very differently. Why?” April 29, 2022.
Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.

Zein Murib, “Laws targeting transgender youths lean on myths about White childhood innocence. This explains how,” March 23, 2022.
Tiffany Willoughby-Herard, Nikol G. Alexander-Floyd, Khalilah L. Brown-Dean, Pearl K. Dowe, Duchess Harris, Kelly Richardson, Françoise Cromer, and Elsie Scott, “The bomb threats against Howard University affect far more than a single university,” February 16, 2022.
Alexandra Filindra, “What lies behind mistrust of government and doubts about the election? White racial bias,” January 31, 2022.
Jesse Rhodes, Raymond La Raja, Tatishe Nteta, and Alexander Theodoridis, “Martin Luther King Jr. was right. Racism and opposition to democracy are linked, our research finds,” January 17, 2022.
Laura Moyer, John Szmer, Susan Haire, and Robert K. Christensen, “Sotomayor said people of color feel pressure to prove themselves every day. She’s right, our research finds,” October 27, 2021.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
David Ebner and Vladimir Enrique Medenica, “Joe Biden ordered airstrikes on Iranian-backed militias. White Americans’ racial attitudes influence what they think about such actions,” March 11, 2021.
Bryan Schonfeld and Sam Winter-Levy, “After this summer’s protests, Americans think differently about race. That could last for generations,” October 12, 2020.
Joshua Tucker, “How do newspapers cover racial and religious minorities? Here’s the data,” October 2, 2020.
Katherine Clayton, Charles D. Crabtree, and Yusaku Horiuchi, “How the media describes Kamala Harris’s ethnicity doesn’t affect what voters think of her,” September 2, 2020.
Nancy D. Wadsworth, “George Floyd’s killing is changing how some white evangelicals talk about race,” August 11, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests have changed public opinion about race and policing. Here’s the data,” June 9, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests will likely change public attitudes about race and policing. Here’s why,” June 5, 2020.
Robert Griffin, John Sides, and Michael Tesler, “Negative views of Asian people have risen in both parties,” April 8, 2020.
B. Kal Munis, Richard Burke, Nicole Huffman, and Connor Munis, “Biden appeals both to black voters — and to white voters suspicious of Black Lives Matter,” January 2, 2020.
Sheri Berman, “Racially divisive parties have more voters now, but voters aren’t becoming more racist. What explains this?” December 2, 2019.
Kevin Wallsten, Lauren A. McCarthy, and Tatishe M. Nteta, “Should college athletes profit from endorsements? White Americans are split by racial attitudes,” October 25, 2019.
Gregory John Leslie, Christopher T. Stout, and Naomi Tolbert, “Ben Carson defended Trump’s racist tweets. Here’s how that affects his reputation,” August 5, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “It’s not just Trump. Many whites view people of color as less American,” July 16, 2019.
Neil Malhotra and Benjamin Newman, “What’s behind the desire for ‘skilled’ immigrants? Racial prejudice,” May 22, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “What Trump’s attack on Spike Lee can teach us about racial attitudes — in 3 charts,” February 26, 2019.
John Sides, “Poll: Only 58 percent of Americans oppose blackface,” February 7, 2019.
Chaya Crowder, “From race to #MeToo, what’s changed between Anita Hill and Christine Blasey Ford — and what hasn’t?” September 28, 2018.
Bethany Lacina, “Who hates Star Wars for its newfound diversity? Here are the numbers,” September 6, 2018.
Brian Newman, “Why evangelical voters support Trump’s policy on refugees — even though evangelical leaders object,” July 19, 2018.
Janelle Wong, “This is why white evangelicals still support Donald Trump. (It’s not economic anxiety),” June 19, 2018.
Adam M. Enders and Jamil S. Scott, “White racial resentment has been gaining political power for decades,” January 15, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “To many Americans, being patriotic means being white,” October 13, 2017.
Jonathan Collins, “Months before Charlottesville violence, minorities were already feeling alienated and excluded,” August 18, 2017.
John Sides, “Resentful white people propelled Trump to the White House — and he is rewarding their loyalty,” August 3, 2017.
Andrew R. Flores, “Yes, there’s racism in the LGBT community. But there’s more outside it,” July 7, 2017.
Thomas Wood, “Racism motivated Trump voters more than authoritarianism,” April 17, 2017.
Kerem Ozan Kalkan, “Muslims are the least popular religious group in the U.S. They’re disliked even more than atheists,” February 23, 2017.
Shom Mazumder, “Yes, marches can make a difference. It depends on these three factors,” January 27, 2017.
Shibley Telhami, “How Trump changed Americans’ view of Islam – for the better,” January 25, 2017.
Jóhanna Kristín Birnir, Christian Davenport, and Erika Forsberg, “Is diversity inherently dangerous?” December 16, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Views about race mattered more in electing Trump than in electing Obama,” November 22, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “How racially resentful working-class whites fled the Democratic Party — before Donald Trump,” November 21, 2016.
Philip A. Klinkner and Rogers M. Smith, “Trump’s election is actually a return to normal racial politics. Here’s why,” November 17, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “The education gap among whites this year wasn’t about education. It was about race,” November 16, 2016.
Matthew D. Luttig, Christopher Federico, and Howard Lavine, “We showed Trump voters photos of black and white Americans. Here’s how it affected their views,” October 24, 2016.
Sean McElwee, Jesse Rhodes, and Brian F. Schaffner, “Is America more divided by race or class?” October 12, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Economic anxiety isn’t driving racial resentment. Racial resentment is driving economic anxiety,”August 22, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Rising racial tensions won’t help Donald Trump. Here’s why,” July 11, 2016.
John M. Carey and Yusaku Horiuchi, “What do college students really think about diversity? We asked,” July 5, 2016.
Alexandra Filindra, “How racial prejudice helps drive opposition to gun control,” June 21, 2016.
Morris Levy and Matthew Wright, “Americans aren’t biased against Latino immigration. Here’s what they actually fear,” June 9, 2016.
Adam M. Enders and Steven Smallpage, “Racial prejudice, not populism or authoritarianism, predicts support for Trump over Clinton,” May 26, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “In a Trump-Clinton match-up, racial prejudice makes a striking difference,” May 25, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Why is Hillary Clinton doing worse among whites now than in 2008? Racial attitudes,” May 4, 2016.
Fodei Batty, “How to understand the complicated history of ‘go back to Africa’,” April 26, 2016.
L.J. Zigerell and Arafat Kabir, “Not all whites are ethnocentric. That also affects our politics,” March 18, 2016.
Michael Tesler and John Sides, “How political science helps explain the rise of Trump: The role of white identity and grievances,” March 3, 2016.
Solomon Messing and Ethan Plaut, “What color is Obama? These researchers examined reactions when his skin looks darker,” January 11, 2016.
Kevin Wallsten, Tatishe M. Nteta, and Lauren A. McCarthy, “Racial prejudice is driving opposition to paying college athletes. Here’s the evidence,” December 30, 2015.
John Sides, “When Katrina evacuees moved to new places, people’s attitudes changed — for the worse,” August 30, 2015.
Michael Tesler, “Using the n-word is more common than you (or President Obama) may think,” June 25, 2015.
Andrew Gelman, “Understanding death penalty attitudes: Conservatism is not the same as racism,” March 31, 2014.
John Sides, “How the Obama presidency may be changing young people’s views of race,” October 28, 2013.

Systemic racism in the United States

Elliot Mamet, “If seated, a Cherokee delegate could make a big difference in Congress,” October 5, 2022.
Johann Gaebler, William Cai, and Sharad Goel, “Police stop Black drivers more often than Whites. We found out why,” September 15, 2022.
Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.

Zein Murib, “Laws targeting transgender youths lean on myths about White childhood innocence. This explains how,” March 23, 2022.
Jasmine Harris,“A new bill in Congress would end ‘legacy’ college preferences. Here’s why that matters,” February 15, 2022.
Nicole E. Willcoxon, “The Senate failed to restore this voting rights protection. My research shows it worked,” January 21, 2022.
E.J. Graff, “These were our 10 most popular posts of 2021,” December 21, 2021.
Evan Bernick, “A prosecutor charged the Michigan shooter’s parents. That’s likely to be used against Black parents soon,” December 8, 2021.
Jonathon P. Schuldt, Peter K. Enns, Katherine Zaslavsky, and Byungdoo Kim, “Americans aren’t learning about anti-Asian bias. We have the data,” April 23, 2021.
Andrea Silva, Diego Esparza, and Valerie Martinez-Ebers, “Derek Chauvin’s murder trial puts local governments on the stand,” April 15, 2021.
Domingo Morel, “As Georgia’s new law shows, when Black people gain local power, states strip that power away,” April 1, 2021.
David A. Bateman, “Voter suppression started way before Jim Crow. It’s a longstanding American tradition,” March 29, 2021.
Kimberley S. Johnson, “What the rise and fall of Jim Crow laws can teach today’s voting rights advocates,” March 24, 2021.
Sarah Binder, “Mitch McConnell is wrong. Here’s the filibuster’s ‘racial history’,” March 24, 2021.
Margaret Teresa Brower and Jamila Michener, “Latina and Black women lost jobs in record numbers. Policies designed for all women don’t necessarily help,” February 9, 2021.
Rashawn Ray, “Black voters helped Biden get elected. His presidency will be defined by how he acts on racial equity,” February 8, 2021.
Kate Lowe, Sarah Reckhow, and Andrea Benjamin, “Pete Buttigieg may not know this yet: Rail transportation funding is a racial equity issue,” February 1, 2021.
Nikita Lalwani and Mitchell Johnston, “Think racial segregation is over? Here’s how the police still enforce it,” July 1, 2020.
Emma Pierson, “Barr says there’s no systemic racism in policing. Our data says the attorney general is wrong,” June 20, 2020.
Kelebogile Zvobgo and Carla Winston, “Some lawmakers are calling for truth commissions on racial violence. How do these work?” June 9, 2020.
Kathleen Tipler, Tyler Johnson, Tyler Camarillo, Andrea Benjamin, Ray Block, Jr., Jared Clemons, Chryl Laird, and Julian Wamble, “93 percent of Confederate monuments are still standing. Here’s why,” December 16, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “Republicans don’t think Trump’s tweets are racist. That fits a long American history of denying racism,” July 30, 2019.
Sam Rosenfeld, “Joe Biden’s nostalgia for ‘civility’ is nostalgia for the politics of Jim Crow,” June 21, 2019.
Brian Tilley, “Is Trump a racist? Let’s examine how we define ‘racism’,” March 7, 2019.
David Cottrell, Michael C. Herron, Javier M. Rodriguez, and Daniel A. Smith, “Nearly 4 million black voters are missing. This is why,” April 11, 2018.
Sangay K. Mishra, “An Indian immigrant is murdered in Kansas. It’s part of a spike in hate crimes against South Asians,” March 7, 2017.
Henry Farrell, “Trump’s election has undermined ‘political correctness.’ That might actually be a problem,” November 19, 2016.
W. Carson Byrd and James M. Thomas, “How racism came to be called a mental illness — and why that’s a problem,” June 7, 2016.
Christopher Faricy, “How the U.S. tax system disadvantages racial minorities,” April 18, 2016.
Lolita Brayman, “Why haven't Flint residents fled?” February 22, 2016.
Jessica Trounstine, “How racial segregation and political mismanagement led to Flint’s shocking water crisis,” February 8, 2016.
Nancy D. Wadsworth, “No, Trump’s anti-Muslim proposals aren’t anti-American. They’re just the latest entries in a history of American religious and racial persecution,” December 21, 2015.
Mark Fathi Massoud, “How can universities deal with racism? Learn from war zones,” December 7, 2015.
W. Carson Byrd and Matthew W. Hughey, “Born that way? ‘Scientific’ racism is creeping back into our thinking. Here’s what to watch out for,” September 28, 2015.
Stephen Deets, “Baltimore is not Ferguson,” April 30, 2015.
Chris Blattman, “What The Economist could have read before suggesting that U.S. slavery wasn’t all bad,” September 5, 2014.
Clarissa Hayward, “Is Ferguson anomalous?” August 15, 2014

Politics of identity

Thomas Gift, Andrew M. Bell, and Julie M. Norman, “Just seeing a Fox News logo prompts racial bias, new research suggests,” December 24, 2022.
Nikita Lalwani, “Making it easier for Black people to vote had unexpected consequences,” November 11, 2022.
Marisa A. Abrajano, Marianna Garcia, Aaron Pope, and Robert Vidigal, “Latinos who use Spanish-language social media get more misinformation,” November 8, 2022.
Michelle Bueno Vásquez, Yalidy Matos, and Domingo Morel, “Afro-Latino politicians could bridge the African American-Latino divide,” October 25, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, Alisson Ramos, Crystal Robertson, and Bianca V. Vicuña, “Why are prominent Los Angeles Latinos saying such racist things?” October 13, 2022.
Ankushi Mitra and Laura Smith, “Is it time to rethink how we study politics?” September 11, 2022.
Sarah Binder, “Americans supported Jackson. Why didn’t more Republican senators?” April 8, 2022.
Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.

Jaclyn Kaslovsky and Andrew Stone, “Biden vowed to nominate a Black woman to the Supreme Court. It might be good politics,” February 25, 2022.
Nadia E. Brown, Christopher J. Clark, and Anna Mitchell Mahoney, “Happy 50th anniversary, women’s legislative caucuses! Here’s how to be even more effective,” February 10, 2022.
Andra Gillespie, “Virginia’s new lieutenant governor is a Black Republican woman. That identity is more common than you may think,” January 21, 2022.
Pia Deshpande, Zachary Hertz, and Brian Schaffner, “Many college Republicans didn’t vote for Trump in 2020. His racist rhetoric may be why,” January 20, 2022.
Victoria Gurevich and Christopher Gelpi, “Why aren’t Americans more alarmed by white-supremacist violence?” January 19, 2022.
Lilliana Mason, Julie Wronski, and John V. Kane, “Republicans and Democrats have split over whether to support multiethnic democracy, our research shows,” January 3, 2022.
Danielle Casarez Lemi and Sara Sadhwani, “U.S. census racial categories have shifted over centuries. How will the jump in multiracials affect politics?” September 23, 2021.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Margaret M. Chin and Yung-Yi Diana Pan, “The ‘model minority’ myth hurts Asian Americans – and even leads to violence,” April 19, 2021.
Amanda Sahar d’Urso, “Did the Boulder shooting count as White male violence? Depends on how you define White,” April 8, 2021.
Michael Tesler, “It’s not just Trump. Many whites view people of color as less American,” July 16, 2019.
Ashley Jardina, “What Americans really think about birthright citizenship,” November 2, 2018.
Shom Mazumder, “The census has always been political. Especially when it comes to race, ethnicity, and national origin,” March 30, 2018.
Richard Alba, “There’s a big problem with how the census measures race,” February 6, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “To many Americans, being patriotic means being white,” October 13, 2017.
Sam Jackson, “Don’t assume the militias at the Charlottesville rally were white supremacists. This is what they believe now,” September 8, 2017.
Ashley Jardina, “White identity politics isn’t just about white supremacy. It’s much bigger,” August 16, 2017.
John Sides, “What makes someone a “real” American? 93 percent of Americans actually agree on this,” July 14, 2017.
Andrew R. Flores, “Yes, there’s racism in the LGBT community. But there’s more outside it,” July 7, 2017.
Bart Bonikowski and Paul DiMaggio, “What 4 types of American nationalism can tell us about Trump voters,” February 6, 2017.
Jóhanna Kristín Birnir, Christian Davenport, and Erika Forsberg, “Is diversity inherently dangerous?” December 16, 2016.
Benjamin L. McKean, “Is it possible to have populism without racism?” May 18, 2016.
Solomon Messing and Ethan Plaut, “What color is Obama? These researchers examined reactions when his skin looks darker,” January 11, 2016.
L.J. Zigerell, “Southern white support for the Confederate flag reflects Southern heritage, not just racial hate,” July 7, 2015.
Spencer Piston and Logan Strother, “White support for the Confederate flag really is about racism, not Southern heritage,” July 1, 2015.
Andrew Gelman, “The ambiguity of racial categories,” June 16, 2015.

White supremacy in the United States

Candice K. Travis, “Patriot Front is on the march. It’s selling a story about whiteness,” July 25, 2022.
Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Danielle Phillips-Cunningham, Alma Clarke, and Betty Kimble, “White racism brought down a Black community. Will there be reparations?” June 20, 2022.
Danielle Phillips-Cunningham, Alma Clarke, and Betty Kimble, “Juneteenth started in Texas. So did this Black town. Whites destroyed it,” June 20, 2022.
Zein Murib, “Laws targeting transgender youths lean on myths about White childhood innocence. This explains how,” March 23, 2022.
Victoria Gurevich and Christopher Gelpi, “Why aren’t Americans more alarmed by white-supremacist violence?” January 19, 2022.
Michael Tesler, “Most Americans thought Trump encouraged white supremacists — even before the debate,” September 3, 2020.
Kathleen Tipler, Tyler Johnson, Tyler Camarillo, Andrea Benjamin, Ray Block, Jr., Jared Clemons, Chryl Laird, and Julian Wamble, “93 percent of Confederate monuments are still standing. Here’s why,” December 16, 2019.
Logan Strother, Thomas Ogorzalek, and Spencer Piston, “What Nikki Haley gets wrong about the Confederate flag,” December 7, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “Did El Paso show us that white supremacists are a serious threat? Few Republicans think so,” August 7, 2019.
Matthew Phillips, Arunkumar Bagavathi, Shannon E. Reid, Matthew Valasik, and Siddharth Krishnan, “The daily use of Gab is climbing. Which talker might become as violent as the Pittsburgh synagogue gunman?” November 29, 2018.
David A. Bateman, Ira Katznelson, and John S. Lapinski, “How Southern politicians defended white supremacy — and made the South poorer,” November 26, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “To many Americans, being patriotic means being white,” October 13, 2017.
Sam Jackson, “Don’t assume the militias at the Charlottesville rally were white supremacists. This is what they believe now,” September 8, 2017.
Michael Tesler, “In 2015, Donald Trump said the Confederate flag should go in a museum. Here’s what changed,” August 18, 2017.
Daniel Kreiss and Kelsey Mason, “Here’s what white supremacy looks and sounds like now. (It's not your grandfather's KKK),” August 17, 2017.
Ashley Jardina, “White identity politics isn’t just about white supremacy. It’s much bigger,” August 16, 2017.
Steven White, “Confederate flags and Nazi swastikas together? That’s new. Here’s what it means,” August 14, 2017.
Logan Strother, Thomas Ogorzalek, and Spencer Piston, “The Confederate flag largely disappeared after the Civil War. The fight against civil rights brought it back,” June 12, 2017.
Fodei Batty, “How to understand the complicated history of ‘go back to Africa’,” April 26, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Democrats increasingly think the Confederate flag is racist. Republicans don’t,” July 9, 2015.
L.J. Zigerell, “Southern white support for the Confederate flag reflects Southern heritage, not just racial hate,” July 7, 2015.
Spencer Piston and Logan Strother, “White support for the Confederate flag really is about racism, not Southern heritage,” July 1, 2015.
Timothy J. Ryan and James M. Glaser, “What happened the last time South Carolina debated the Confederate flag? Hate, but also hope,” June 29, 2015.

Electoral behavior

Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.

Alexandra Filindra, “What lies behind mistrust of government and doubts about the election? White racial bias,” January 31, 2022.
Nicole E. Willcoxon, “The Senate failed to restore this voting rights protection. My research shows it worked,” January 21, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Nathan Kar Ming Chan, Jae Yeon Kim, and Vivien Leung, “Thanks to Trump’s rhetoric, Asian Americans are moving toward the Democratic Party,” March 30, 2021.
Vivien Leung, “Recent attacks could push Asian Americans to get more politically active, research suggests,” March 8, 2021.
Rashawn Ray, “Black voters helped Biden get elected. His presidency will be defined by how he acts on racial equity,” February 8, 2021.
Sara Sadhwani and Maneesh Arora, “Kamala Harris will be vice president. Expect Indian Americans to get more involved in politics,” January 4, 2021.
Nadia E. Brown and Bry Reed, “Stacey Abrams’s success in Georgia builds on generations of Black women’s organizing,” December 10, 2020.
Yamil Ricardo Velez, “How will Florida’s Cuban Americans vote? That’s more complicated than many believe,” October 19, 2020.
Sumitra Badrinathan, Devesh Kapur, and Milan Vaishnav, “Why Indian Americans are not becoming Republicans any time soon,” October 15, 2020.
Antoine J. Banks, Ismail K. White, and Brian D. McKenzie, “How do black people channel their anger about racial injustice? Here’s what we found,” June 29, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “Most black voters support Biden, for now. That could fade,” October 8, 2019.
Seth C. McKee, “What Cindy Hyde-Smith’s victory in Mississippi tells us about the South,” November 29, 2018.
David Lublin, “Eight white-majority districts elected black members of Congress this year. That’s a breakthrough,” November 19, 2018.
Brian F. Schaffner, “These 5 charts explain who voted how in the 2018 midterm election,” November 10, 2018.
Matthew Fowler, Vladimir E. Medenica, and Cathy J. Cohen, “Majorities of millennials who plan to vote support Democrats — except among white men,” November 5, 2018.
Jean Schroedel and Melissa Rogers, “What keeps Native Americans from voting – and what could change this,” October 18, 2018.
Bernard L. Fraga, “The turnout gap between whites and racial minorities is larger than you think — and hard to change,” September 25, 2018.
Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Michael Tesler, “No, one-third of African Americans don’t support Trump. Not even close,” August 17, 2018.
Janelle Wong, “This is why white evangelicals still support Donald Trump. (It’s not economic anxiety),” June 19, 2018.
Sara Sadhwani, “Will Asian Americans make California even bluer in November?” June 5, 2018.
Joshua N. Zingher, “Whites have fled the Democratic Party. Here’s how the nation got there,” May 22, 2018.
Andrew L. Whitehead, Joseph O. Baker, and Samuel L. Perry, “Despite porn stars and Playboy models, white evangelicals aren’t rejecting Trump. This is why,” March 26, 2018.
Matthew Fowler, Vladimir E. Medenica, and Cathy J. Cohen, “Why 41 percent of white millennials voted for Trump,” December 15, 2017.
John Sides, “Resentful white people propelled Trump to the White House — and he is rewarding their loyalty,” August 3, 2017.
Bernard L. Fraga, Sean McElwee, Jesse Rhodes, and Brian F. Schaffner, “Why did Trump win? More whites — and fewer blacks — actually voted,” May 8, 2017.
Thomas Wood, “Racism motivated Trump voters more than authoritarianism,” April 17, 2017.
Jonathan Collins, “Can Trump win over African Americans? This survey suggests there’s little chance,” February 20, 2017.
Richard Alba, “The U.S. is becoming more racially diverse. But Democrats may not benefit,” January 6, 2017.
Michael Tesler, “Obama won lots of votes from racially prejudiced whites (and some of them supported Trump),” December 7, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “How racially resentful working-class whites fled the Democratic Party — before Donald Trump,” November 21, 2016.
Loren Collingwood, “The county-by-county data on Trump voters shows why he won,” November 19, 2016.
Geraldo L. Cadava, “Rural Hispanic voters — like white rural voters — shifted toward Trump. Here’s why,” November 17, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “The education gap among whites this year wasn’t about education. It was about race,” November 16, 2016.
Karthick Ramakrishnan, “Trump got more votes from people of color than Romney did. Here’s the data,” November 11, 2016.
Gabriel Sanchez and Matt A. Barreto, “In record numbers, Latinos voted overwhelmingly against Trump. We did the research,” November 11, 2016.
Ali A. Valenzuela and Melissa Michelson, “Here's how to mobilize Latinos to vote,” October 18, 2016.
Theodore R. Johnson, “Why are African-Americans such loyal Democrats when they are so ideologically diverse?” September 28, 2016.
Howard Rosenthal, “Why do white men love Donald Trump so much?” September 8, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “A racially diverse America could make the economy less important to elections,” August 12, 2016.
Adam M. Enders and Steven Smallpage, “Racial prejudice, not populism or authoritarianism, predicts support for Trump over Clinton,” May 26, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “In a Trump-Clinton match-up, racial prejudice makes a striking difference,” May 25, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Why is Hillary Clinton doing worse among whites now than in 2008? Racial attitudes,” May 4, 2016.
Brian Arbour and Jeremy M. Teigen, “These two maps are incredibly revealing about who’s voting for Trump, and why,” April 5, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “How the ‘Obama effect’ helps Hillary Clinton, and hurts Bernie Sanders, with black voters,” February 16, 2016.
Corrine McConnaughy, “Why the Congressional Black Caucus endorsement of Hillary Clinton is a really big deal,” February 15, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “The massive gap between whites and Latinos in how they perceive Donald Trump,” January 21, 2016.
Cecilia Hyunjung Mo, “Why Asian Americans don't vote Republican,” November 2, 2015.
Leah Wright Rigueur, “What explains Ben Carson? The long tradition of black conservatism,” September 10, 2015.
Bernard L. Fraga, “The Voting Rights Act turns 50 today. Here are three trends in minority voting you should know about,” August 6, 2015.
Stephen A. Nuño, “Did the GOP make inroads with the Latino vote?” November 19, 2014.
Taeku Lee, “Did Asian Americans switch parties overnight? No,” November 10, 2014.
Larry Bartels, “No, Southern whites are not the new blacks,” April 24, 2014.
Andrew Gelman, “Why do Asian Americans mostly vote for Democrats?” March 19, 2014.

Race and electoral strategy

Nikita Lalwani, “Making it easier for Black people to vote had unexpected consequences,” November 11, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, Alisson Ramos, Crystal Robertson, and Bianca V. Vicuña, “Why are prominent Los Angeles Latinos saying such racist things?” October 13, 2022.
Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Maneesh Arora and Christopher Stout, “More and more candidates are campaigning on racially charged issues. That could backfire in office,” February 11, 2022.
Michael G. Strawbridge and Richard R. Lau, “When House Republicans come from more racially diverse districts, they’re more likely to claim voter fraud,” January 18, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Hahrie Han and Liz McKenna, “To learn about the Democratic Party’s future, look at what Latino organizers did in Arizona,” February 9, 2021.
Stephen Nuño-Perez, “How incoming Sen. Alex Padilla could help Democrats among Latino voters,” January 20, 2021.
Nadia E. Brown and Bry Reed, “Stacey Abrams’s success in Georgia builds on generations of Black women’s organizing,” December 10, 2020.
B. Kal Munis, Richard Burke, Nicole Huffman, and Connor Munis, “Biden appeals both to black voters — and to white voters suspicious of Black Lives Matter,” January 2, 2020.
Catherine Wineinger, “This inflammatory ad reveals why Republican women of color have a hard time getting elected,” October 4, 2019.
Jan Zilinsky, “Why didn’t more congressional Republicans condemn Trump’s racist tweets about the ‘Squad’? This graph explains,” July 20, 2019.
Alexander Kuo, Neil Malhotra, and Cecilia Hyunjung Mo, “Republicans are courting Asian American voters. Telling the ‘Squad’ to go home is a terrible start,” July 18, 2019.
LaFleur Stephens-Dougan, “Joe Biden’s ‘civility’ comment told biased whites that he won’t upset the racial order,” July 2, 2019.
Christopher T. Stout, “Black candidates know they have to be careful in talking about race. Here’s what the research suggests,” February 19, 2019.
Christopher T. Stout and Jennifer R. Garcia, “Mia Love is right. The loss of black Republicans in Congress really could hurt the party with black voters,” December 10, 2018.
Maneesh Arora, “Is it possible to combat appeals to prejudice? Here’s new evidence from Duncan Hunter’s ‘anti-Muslim’ campaign ad,” November 26, 2018.
Peter K. Enns and Jonathon P. Schuldt, “Why Trump’s immigration rhetoric may not help Republicans at the polls,” November 6, 2018.
Bernard L. Fraga, “The turnout gap between whites and racial minorities is larger than you think — and hard to change,” September 25, 2018.
Bryan T. Gervais and Irwin L. Morris, “How the tea party paved the way for Donald Trump,” September 7, 2018.
Bernard L. Fraga, Sean McElwee, Jesse Rhodes, and Brian F. Schaffner, “Why did Trump win? More whites — and fewer blacks — actually voted,” May 8, 2017.
Richard Alba, “The U.S. is becoming more racially diverse. But Democrats may not benefit,” January 6, 2017.
Ali A. Valenzuela and Melissa Michelson, “Here's how to mobilize Latinos to vote,” October 18, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Trump is the first modern Republican to win the nomination based on racial prejudice,” August 1, 2016.
Eric Schickler, “Will Trump’s anti-Latino statements hurt the GOP? Here’s what we can learn from LBJ and Goldwater,” June 13, 2016.
Benjamin L. McKean, “Is it possible to have populism without racism?” May 18, 2016.
Christopher J. Devine and Kyle C. Kopko, “Who should Trump and Clinton pick as running mates? This research says it doesn’t really matter,” April 25, 2016.
Loren Collingwood and Rudy Alamillo, “Here’s what Clinton and Sanders need to do to sway Latino and black voters,” February 20, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “A newly released poll shows the populist power of Donald Trump,” January 27, 2016.
John Sides, “Politicians play the race card. This is what helps neutralize it,” January 8, 2016.
John Sides, “It’s time to stop the endless hype of the ‘Willie Horton’ ad,” January 6, 2016.
Joseph Lowndes, “Republicans say goodbye to the Confederate flag — and hello to a new strategy,” June 24, 2015.
Stephen A. Nuño, “Did the GOP make inroads with the Latino vote?” November 19, 2014.
Larry Bartels, “Can the Republican Party thrive on white identity?” April 16, 2014.

Race and electoral systems

Eric McGhee, Christopher Warshaw, and Michal Migurski, “How Black and Latino people did in this last round of redistricting,” October 7, 2022.
Elliot Mamet, “If seated, a Cherokee delegate could make a big difference in Congress,” October 5, 2022.
Jonathan Ben-Menachem, “Getting a traffic ticket makes you less likely to vote, research finds,” September 15, 2022.
Chelsea N. Jones, “States are closing polling places. That hurts democracy,” June 17, 2022.
Alexandra Filindra, “What lies behind mistrust of government and doubts about the election? White racial bias,” January 31, 2022.
Nicole E. Willcoxon, “The Senate failed to restore this voting rights protection. My research shows it worked,” January 21, 2022.
Loren Collingwood and Sean Long, “California’s city councils are getting more diverse. This law made that happen,” January 19, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Costas Panagopoulos, “Black women are willing to wait longer in line to vote than any other demographic group,” April 22, 2021.
Domingo Morel, “As Georgia’s new law shows, when Black people gain local power, states strip that power away,” April 1, 2021.
David A. Bateman, “Voter suppression started way before Jim Crow. It’s a longstanding American tradition,” March 29, 2021.
Sara Sadhwani, “What might happen if Democrats succeed in expanding voting? California has some answers,” March 17, 2021.
Isaac Cui, “The Supreme Court’s Voting Rights Act case could gut civil rights protections. Then what?” March 15, 2021.
Ted Enamorado, “Georgia’s ‘exact match’ law could potentially harm many eligible voters,” October 20, 2018.
Jean Schroedel and Melissa Rogers, “What keeps Native Americans from voting — and what could change this,” October 18, 2018.
Andrew Gelman, “A new controversy erupts over whether voter identification laws suppress minority turnout,” June 11, 2018.
David Cottrell, Michael C. Herron, Javier M. Rodriguez, and Daniel A. Smith, “Nearly 4 million black voters are missing. This is why,” April 11, 2018.
Jesse H. Rhodes, “No, Republicans haven't ‘always’ supported voting rights until now. This is the real story,” January 12, 2018.
Zoltan L. Hajnal, Nazita Lajevardi, and Lindsay Nielson, “Do voter identification laws suppress minority voting? Yes. We did the research,” February 15, 2017.
Erik J. Engstrom and Jason M. Roberts, “A federal court struck down much of North Carolina’s voter ID law — but what’s left could still shrink the black vote,” October 5, 2016.
John Sides, “The Supreme Court may change ‘one person, one vote.’ This would hurt Latinos and Democrats,” December 9, 2015.
Richard L. Hasen, “This is why the Voting Rights Act is on trial in North Carolina,” July 31, 2015.
Jonathan Rodden, “Is segregation the problem in Ferguson?” August 18, 2014.
Brian F. Schaffner, Wouter Van Erve, and Ray LaRaja, “How Ferguson exposes the racial bias in local elections,” August 15, 2014.

Representation in politics

Michelle Bueno Vásquez, Yalidy Matos, and Domingo Morel, “Afro-Latino politicians could bridge the African American-Latino divide,” October 25, 2022.
Elliot Mamet, “If seated, a Cherokee delegate could make a big difference in Congress,” October 5, 2022.
Michelle Bueno Vásquez, “How the U.S. census ignores Afro-Latinos,” June 3, 2022.
Sarah Binder, “Americans supported Jackson. Why didn’t more Republican senators?” April 8, 2022.
Sharon Wright Austin, “Republican senators used racially coded language to question Ketanji Brown Jackson. There’s history to that,” March 29, 2022.

Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.

Jaclyn Kaslovsky and Andrew Stone, “Biden vowed to nominate a Black woman to the Supreme Court. It might be good politics,” February 25, 2022.
Gbemende Johnson, “Why aren’t there more Black female judges on the federal bench?” February 22, 2022.
Jaclyn Kaslovsky and Andrew Stone, “Biden vowed to nominate a Black woman to the Supreme Court. It might be good politics,” February 15, 2022.
Nadia E. Brown, Christopher J. Clark, and Anna Mitchell Mahoney, “Happy 50th anniversary, women’s legislative caucuses! Here’s how to be even more effective,” February 10, 2022.
Andra Gillespie, “Virginia’s new lieutenant governor is a Black Republican woman. That identity is more common than you may think,” January 21, 2022.
Loren Collingwood and Sean Long, “California’s city councils are getting more diverse. This law made that happen,” January 19, 2022.
Clarence Lusane, “Colin Powell was a paradoxical man in a polarized time,” November 3, 2021.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Christopher Stout, Gregory John Leslie, and Davin L. Phoenix, “Rep. Maxine Waters voiced the anger of many Black Americans. That’s important, politically,” April 24, 2021.
Maneesh Arora and Hannah June Kim, “Asian American women legislators have been speaking out against anti-Asian violence,” March 19, 2021.
Sharon Wright Austin, “Boston is about to get its first Black and first female mayor. How will she govern?” February 3, 2021.
Cheryl Ellenwood, Laura Evans, Raymond Foxworth, Carmela Roybal, and Gabriel R. Sanchez, “A Native American may be taking control of the Cabinet department that has shaped Native American lives,” January 25, 2021.
Stephen Nuño-Perez, “How incoming Sen. Alex Padilla could help Democrats among Latino voters,” January 20, 2021.
Sara Sadhwani and Maneesh Arora, “Kamala Harris will be vice president. Expect Indian Americans to get more involved in politics,” January 4, 2021.
Beth Reingold, Kerry Haynie, and Kirsten Widner, “Women of color won congressional seats in record numbers. How will they legislate?” November 24, 2020.
Eric Gonzalez Juenke, Paru Shah, Bernard L. Fraga, and Erika Vallejo, “State legislatures likely to have more women and people of color next year,” October 24, 2020.
Danielle Casarez Lemi, “Will Kamala Harris’s multiracial background help or hurt in attracting voters?” August 13, 2020.
Catherine Wineinger, “This inflammatory ad reveals why Republican women of color have a hard time getting elected,” October 4, 2019.
Christopher T. Stout and Jennifer R. Garcia, “Mia Love is right. The loss of black Republicans in Congress really could hurt the party with black voters,” December 10, 2018.
David Lublin, “Eight white-majority districts elected black members of Congress this year. That’s a breakthrough,” November 19, 2018.
Sarah Binder and Mark Spindel, “The Fed’s next big appointment will probably be another white man. Here’s why it struggles to diversify its leadership,” March 27, 2018.
Michael Nelson and Rachael Hinkle, “Trump appoints lots of white men to be federal judges. Here’s why it matters,” March 13, 2018.
Micah Gell-Redman, Neil Visalvanich, Charles Crabtree, and Christopher J. Fariss, “Do lawmakers respond to immigrants' requests? The answer depends on ethnicity and race,” January 16, 2018.
Alvin B. Tillery, Jr., “Here’s how black newspapers rank the U.S. presidents,” February 21, 2017.
Jesse H. Rhodes, Tatishe M. Nteta, and Melinda R. Tarsi, “Has Obama ignored African American concerns? Nope. Here’s the evidence,” June 2, 2016.
Stephen Deets, “Baltimore is not Ferguson,” April 30, 2015.
Tyler Reny and Sayu Bhojwani, “Minority representation gaps, by the numbers,” October 22, 2014.
Seth Masket, “Non-white representation on America’s city councils,” August 21, 2014.
Brian F. Schaffner, Wouter Van Erve, and Ray LaRaja, “How Ferguson exposes the racial bias in local elections,” August 15, 2014.

Race and partisanship

Thomas Gift, Andrew M. Bell, and Julie M. Norman, “Just seeing a Fox News logo prompts racial bias, new research suggests,” December 24, 2022.
Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Andra Gillespie, “Virginia’s new lieutenant governor is a Black Republican woman. That identity is more common than you may think,” January 21, 2022.
Efrén Pérez, “The U.S. is more racially diverse than ever. Will people of color unify politically?” August 31, 2021.
Lilliana Mason, “Both the Democrats and Republicans were once white majority parties. Now race divides them,” December 2, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “Did El Paso show us that white supremacists are a serious threat? Few Republicans think so,” August 7, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “Republicans don’t think Trump’s tweets are racist. That fits a long American history of denying racism,” July 30, 2019.
Michael Tesler, “Democrats and Republicans used to agree about the n-word. Now they don’t,” August 20, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “Democrats and Republicans are increasingly divided on the value of teaching black history,” February 28, 2018.
Sean McElwee, Jesse Rhodes, and Brian F. Schaffner, “Is America more divided by race or class?” October 12, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “A racially diverse America could make the economy less important to elections,” August 12, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Rising racial tensions won’t help Donald Trump. Here’s why,” July 11, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Democrats increasingly think the Confederate flag is racist. Republicans don’t,” July 9, 2015.
Michael Tesler, “Donald Sterling shows the separate realities of Democrats and Republicans about race,” May 1, 2014.
Alan I. Abramowitz, “How race and religion have polarized American voters,” January 20, 2014.
Michael Tesler, “Did race play a role in shutdown?” October 22, 2013.

Race, ethnicity and policy

Civil rights

Regina Bateson, “Congress passes an important anti-lynching bill. But the U.S. is still fertile ground for vigilantes,” March 11, 2022.
Jeffery A. Jenkins and Justin Peck, “Congress finally passed a federal anti-lynching bill - after 120 years of failure,” March 9, 2022.

Sharad Goel and Julian Nyarko, “Justices will hear a challenge to affirmative action that isn’t really about affirmative action,” February 22, 2022.
Jasmine Harris,“A new bill in Congress would end ‘legacy’ college preferences. Here’s why that matters,” February 15, 2022.
Nicole E. Willcoxon, “The Senate failed to restore this voting rights protection. My research shows it worked,” January 21, 2022.
Mark Lawrence Schrad, “A century ago, Prohibition was about expanding liberty. Then our definition of liberty changed,” January 18, 2022.
Kelebogile Zvobgo and Carla Winston, “Some lawmakers are calling for truth commissions on racial violence. How do these work?” June 9, 2020.
Shom Mazumder, “Yes, marches can make a difference. It depends on these three factors,” January 27, 2017.
Aaron Belzer and Nancy Leong, “Can civil-rights law stop racial discrimination on AirBnB?” May 1, 2016.

Climate change

Michael Cobb, “Reconsidering the racial gap on global warming,” October 6, 2014.

Defense

Andrea Malji, Michael A. Allen, and Carla Martinez Machain, “The Navy’s fuel leak in Hawai’i outraged local activists. That’s happened around the globe,” January 13, 2022.

Economics

Danielle Phillips-Cunningham, “Nannie Helen Burroughs, trailblazing Black teacher and labor organizer,” September 5, 2022.
Margaret Teresa Brower and Jamila Michener, “Latina and Black women lost jobs in record numbers. Policies designed for all women don’t necessarily help,” February 9, 2021.
Jordan Carr Peterson and Christian R. Grose, “What persuades elected officials to remove Confederate symbols? Framing it as good for business,” August 21, 2017.
Alexandra Guisinger, “Americans’ views of trade aren’t just about economics. They’re also about race,” August 16, 2017.

Foreign policy

Richard W. Maass, “U.S. foreign policy was once all about race. If the U.S. isn’t careful, race may come back,” September 23, 2021.
Steven Ward, “Because China isn’t ‘Caucasian,’ the U.S. is planning for a ‘clash of civilizations.’ That could be dangerous,” May 4, 2019.

Gun control

Michael Feola, “How ‘great replacement’ theory led to the Buffalo mass shooting,” May 25, 2022.
Evan Bernick, “A prosecutor charged the Michigan shooter’s parents. That’s likely to be used against Black parents soon,” December 8, 2021.
Alexandra Filindra and Beyza Buyuker, “For racially biased conservative Whites, owning a gun is just part of being a good citizen,” March 29, 2021.
Logan Strother and Daniel Bennett, “Which Americans support the Second Amendment? The answer depends on whether whites or blacks have the guns,” November 24, 2018.
Alexandra Filindra, “How racial prejudice helps drive opposition to gun control,” June 21, 2016.

Healthcare

Christine M. Slaughter and Chelsea N. Jones, “How Black women will be especially affected by the loss of Roe,” June 25, 2022.
Kimala Price, “Women of color want reproductive justice, not just abortion rights,” May 12, 2022.
Marzia Oceno and Wei-Ting Yen, “What encourages Black Americans to get vaccinated? Hearing that other Black Americans want the vaccine,” March 12, 2021.

Immigration

Neil Malhotra and Benjamin Newman, “What’s behind the desire for ‘skilled’ immigrants? Racial prejudice,” May 22, 2019.
Stella M. Rouse, “Republicans’ hard-line stance on immigration may alienate millennials for years,” December 3, 2018.
Bidisha Biswas and Ramya M. Vijaya, “This is why Indian immigrants won’t benefit from Trump’s immigration plan,” March 1, 2018.
Beth Elise Whitaker and Christopher Day, “What the ‘s---hole’ debate gets wrong about Africa,” January 18, 2018.
Micah Gell-Redman, Neil Visalvanich, Charles Crabtree, and Christopher J. Fariss, “Do lawmakers respond to immigrants’ requests? The answer depends on ethnicity and race,” January 16, 2018.
Candis Watts Smith, “Black immigrants in the U.S. face big challenges. Will African Americans rally to their side?” September 18, 2017.
Alexandra Filindra, Amber Wichowsky. and Meghan Condon, “20 years on, here’s how welfare reform held back immigrants’ children — in some states,” August 22, 2017.
Steven White, “Many Americans support Trump’s immigration order. Many Americans backed Japanese internment camps, too,” February 2, 2017.
Morris Levy and Matthew Wright, “Americans aren’t biased against Latino immigration. Here’s what they actually fear,” June 9, 2016.

Policing and criminal justice

Shatema Threadcraft, “Like Breonna Taylor, Black women are often killed in private — even when it’s by police,” March 22, 2022.
Regina Bateson, “Congress passes an important anti-lynching bill. But the U.S. is still fertile ground for vigilantes,” March 11, 2022.
Jeffery A. Jenkins and Justin Peck, “Congress finally passed a federal anti-lynching bill - after 120 years of failure,” March 9, 2022.

E.J. Graff, “These were our 10 most popular posts of 2021,” December 21, 2021.
Evan Bernick, “A prosecutor charged the Michigan shooter’s parents. That’s likely to be used against Black parents soon,” December 8, 2021.
Monique Newton, “When are police aggressive — and when are they respectful — toward Black Lives Matter protesters?” April 27, 2021.
Sally A. Nuamah, “In Columbus, police killed a Black teenage girl. That fits a rarely discussed pattern,” April 22, 2021.
Reva Dhingra, Mitchell Kilborn, and Olivia Woldemikael, “When local police cooperate with ICE, Latino communities under-report crime. Here’s the data,” February 2, 2021.
Allison P. Harris, Elliott Ash, and Jeffrey A. Fagan, “Local budget shortfalls alter the racial disparities in traffic stops,” August 27, 2020.
Nikita Lalwani and Mitchell Johnston, “Think racial segregation is over? Here’s how the police still enforce it,” July 1, 2020.
Emma Pierson, “Barr says there’s no systemic racism in policing. Our data says the attorney general is wrong,” June 20, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests have changed public opinion about race and policing. Here’s the data,” June 9, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests will likely change public attitudes about race and policing. Here’s why,” June 5, 2020.
Vanessa Bouché and Mark Daku, “Who’s disproportionately prosecuted for human trafficking? Young black men,” January 11, 2019.
Rebecca Goldstein, Michael Sances, and Hye Young You, “What happens to police departments that collect more fines? They solve fewer crimes,” September 24, 2018.
Laurel Eckhouse, “California abolished money bail. Here’s why bail opponents aren’t happy,” August 31, 2018.
Logan Strother, Charles Menifield, and Geiguen Shin, “We gathered data on every confirmed line-of-duty police killing of a civilian in 2014 and 2015. Here’s what we found,” August 29, 2018.
John Sides, “What data on 20 million traffic stops can tell us about ‘driving while black’,” July 17, 2018.
Sounman Hong, “How racial diversity makes police forces better,” December 5, 2017.
Briana McGinnis, “This is why some U.S. judges banish convicts from their home communities,” March 16, 2017.
Sam Corbett-Davies, Emma Pierson, Avi Feller, and Sharad Goel, “A computer program used for bail and sentencing decisions was labeled biased against blacks. It’s actually not that clear,” October 17, 2016.
Rachel Tecott and Sara Plana, “Maybe U.S. police aren’t militarized enough. Here’s what police can learn from soldiers,” August 16, 2016.
Christopher M. Sullivan and Zachary P. O'Keeffe, “Does more policing lead to less crime — or just more racial resentment?” July 25, 2016.
John Sides, “It’s time to stop the endless hype of the ‘Willie Horton’ ad,” January 6, 2016.
Andrew Gelman, “Guess who used to be okay with the death penalty?” September 20, 2015.
Patrick J. Egan, “Graph of the day: Job approval of NYC police commissioners by race/ethnicity since 1997,” May 13, 2015.
Patrick J. Egan, “Very liberal cities have racially diverse police forces. So do very conservative ones,” January 6, 2015.
Adriano Udani, “Ferguson exit poll shows racial polarization in views of police,” November 28, 2014.

Black Lives Matter (For more, see TMC Topic Guide: Black Lives Matter)

Bethany Lacina, Nicholas Carnes, and Lilly J. Goren, “Is ‘Wakanda Forever’ too ‘woke’ for Marvel’s own good?” November 11, 2022.
Katherine Tate, “The House might pass a long-ignored bill to study reparations for slavery. Why now?” March 23, 2022.
Christopher Stout, Gregory John Leslie, and Davin L. Phoenix, “Rep. Maxine Waters voiced the anger of many Black Americans. That’s important, politically,” April 24, 2021.
Erica Chenoweth and Jeremy Pressman, “This summer’s Black Lives Matter protesters were overwhelmingly peaceful, our research finds,” October 16, 2020.
Maneesh Arora, Christopher Stout, and Kelsy Kretschmer, “What helps non-black people support Black Lives Matter? A signal from someone in their own ethnic group,” June 18, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests have changed public opinion about race and policing. Here’s the data,” June 9, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The Floyd protests will likely change public attitudes about race and policing. Here’s why,” June 5, 2020.
B. Kal Munis, Richard Burke, Nicole Huffman, and Connor Munis, “Biden appeals both to black voters — and to white voters suspicious of Black Lives Matter,” January 2, 2020.
Megan Ming Francis, “Here’s how to make government care about black lives,” December 1, 2015.

Race and the Trump campaigns

Michael Tesler, “Most Americans thought Trump encouraged white supremacists — even before the debate,” September 3, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “The George Floyd protests will not help Trump win reelection. Here’s why,” June 3, 2020.
Peter K. Enns and Jonathon P. Schuldt, “Trump thinks racist rhetoric will help him in 2020. The data suggest otherwise,” July 29, 2019.
Peter K. Enns and Jonathon P. Schuldt, “Why Trump’s immigration rhetoric may not help Republicans at the polls,” November 6, 2018.
Bryan T. Gervais and Irwin L. Morris, “How the tea party paved the way for Donald Trump,” September 7, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “No, one-third of African Americans don’t support Trump. Not even close,” August 17, 2018.
Janelle Wong, “This is why white evangelicals still support Donald Trump. (It’s not economic anxiety),” June 19, 2018.
Michael Tesler, “In 2015, Donald Trump said the Confederate flag should go in a museum. Here's what changed,” August 18, 2017.
Thomas Wood, “Racism motivated Trump voters more than authoritarianism,” April 17, 2017.
Jonathan Collins, “Can Trump win over African Americans? This survey suggests there’s little chance,” February 20, 2017.
Henry Farrell, “Trump’s election has undermined ‘political correctness.’ That might actually be a problem,” November 19, 2016.
Philip A. Klinkner and Rogers M. Smith, “Trump’s election is actually a return to normal racial politics. Here’s why,” November 17, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Birtherism was why so many Republicans liked Trump in the first place,” September 19, 2016.
Howard Rosenthal, “Why do white men love Donald Trump so much?” September 8, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Trump is the first modern Republican to win the nomination based on racial prejudice,” August 1, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “Rising racial tensions won’t help Donald Trump. Here’s why,” July 11, 2016.
Eric Schickler, “Will Trump’s anti-Latino statements hurt the GOP? Here’s what we can learn from LBJ and Goldwater,” June 13, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “In a Trump-Clinton match-up, racial prejudice makes a striking difference,” May 25, 2016.
Michael Tesler and John Sides, “How political science helps explain the rise of Trump: the role of white identity and grievances,” March 3, 2016.
Kerem Ozan Kalkan, “What differentiates Trump supporters from other Republicans? Ethnocentrism,” February 28, 2016.
Benjamin Denison, “How to understand Trump’s appeal to resentful whites,” February 3, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “A newly released poll shows the populist power of Donald Trump,” January 27, 2016.
Michael Tesler, “The massive gap between whites and Latinos in how they perceive Donald Trump,” January 21, 2016.
Nancy D. Wadsworth, “No, Trump’s anti-Muslim proposals aren’t anti-American. They’re just the latest entries in a history of American religious and racial persecution,” December 21, 2015.
Michael Tesler, “How anti-immigrant attitudes are fueling support for Donald Trump,” November 24, 2015.

Racial and ethnic discrimination

Nikita Lalwani, “Making it easier for Black people to vote had unexpected consequences,” November 11, 2022.
Domingo Morel, “How public colleges have already backed away from affirmative action,” October 31, 2022.
Johann Gaebler, William Cai, and Sharad Goel, “Police stop Black drivers more often than Whites. We found out why,” September 15, 2022.
Meghan Garrity, “50 years ago, Uganda ordered its entire Asian population to leave,” August 4, 2022.
Michelle Bueno Vásquez, “How the U.S. census ignores Afro-Latinos,” June 3, 2022.
Zein Murib, “Laws targeting transgender youths lean on myths about White childhood innocence. This explains how,” March 23, 2022.
Regina Bateson, “Congress passes an important anti-lynching bill. But the U.S. is still fertile ground for vigilantes,” March 11, 2022.
Jeffery A. Jenkins and Justin Peck, “Congress finally passed a federal anti-lynching bill - after 120 years of failure,” March 9, 2022.

Jasmine Harris,“A new bill in Congress would end ‘legacy’ college preferences. Here’s why that matters,” February 15, 2022.
Bethany Lacina, “Nearly all NFL head coaches are White. What are the odds?” February 7, 2022.
Nicole E. Willcoxon, “The Senate failed to restore this voting rights protection. My research shows it worked,” January 21, 2022.
Andrea Malji, Michael A. Allen, and Carla Martinez Machain, “The Navy’s fuel leak in Hawai’i outraged local activists. That’s happened around the globe,” January 13, 2022.
Kimberley S. Johnson, “What the rise and fall of Jim Crow laws can teach today’s voting rights advocates,” March 24, 2021.
Maneesh Arora and Hannah June Kim, “Asian American women legislators have been speaking out against anti-Asian violence,” March 19, 2021.
Isaac Cui, “The Supreme Court’s Voting Rights Act case could gut civil rights protections. Then what?” March 15, 2021.
Vivien Leung, “Recent attacks could push Asian Americans to get more politically active, research suggests,” March 8, 2021.
Nikita Lalwani and Mitchell Johnston, “Think racial segregation is over? Here’s how the police still enforce it,” July 1, 2020.
Michael Tesler, “No, Mark Meadows. Having a black friend doesn’t mean you’re not racist.,” February 28, 2019.
Erik Bleich and A. Maurits van der Veen, “Sure, a lot of newspaper coverage of Latinos is negative — but not when it comes to cultural achievements,” January 23, 2019.
John Sides, “What data on 20 million traffic stops can tell us about ‘driving while black’,” July 17, 2018.
Andrew Gelman, “A new controversy erupts over whether voter identification laws suppress minority turnout,” June 11, 2018.
Candis Watts Smith, “Black immigrants in the U.S. face big challenges. Will African Americans rally to their side?” September 18, 2017.
Jonathan Collins, “Months before Charlottesville violence, minorities were already feeling alienated and excluded,” August 18, 2017.
Sangay K. Mishra, “An Indian immigrant is murdered in Kansas. It’s part of a spike in hate crimes against South Asians,” March 7, 2017.
Zoltan L. Hajnal, Nazita Lajevardi, and Lindsay Nielson, “Do voter identification laws suppress minority voting? Yes. We did the research,” February 15, 2017.
Erik J. Engstrom and Jason M. Roberts, “A federal court struck down much of North Carolina’s voter ID law — but what’s left could still shrink the black vote,” October 5, 2016.
Aaron Belzer and Nancy Leong, “Can civil-rights law stop racial discrimination on AirBnb?” May 1, 2016.

Race and athletics

Kevin Wallsten, Lauren A. McCarthy, and Tatishe M. Nteta, “Should college athletes profit from endorsements? White Americans are split by racial attitudes,” October 25, 2019.
Bethany Lacina, “Since the NFL anthem protests, white fans like the white players more — and the black ones less,” January 19, 2019.
Tatishe M. Nteta, Kevin Wallsten, and Lauren A. McCarthy, “Whites oppose — and blacks support — paying NCAA athletes, especially when they’re thinking about race,” May 14, 2018.
John Sides, “National anthem protests are becoming more popular. You can thank Donald Trump,” October 25, 2017.
Allen Linken and Gracie Smith, “Plenty of service members are likely to sympathize with #TakeAKnee,’ October 6, 2017.
Matthew Fowler and Vladimir E. Medenica, “This is what millennials think about the NFL protests,” October 5, 2017.
Michael Tesler, “NFL owners who donated to Trump have fewer black executives than other teams,” September 25, 2017.
Elizabeth A. Sharrow, Tatishe M. Nteta, and Melinda R. Tarsi, “What would change public opinion on whether the Redskins’ name is offensive?” July 11, 2017.
Christopher Boylan, Ryan McMahon, and Burt L. Monroe, “NFL draft profiles are full of racial stereotypes. And that matters for when quarterbacks get drafted,” April 27, 2017.
Tatishe M. Nteta, Brian F. Schaffner, and Matthew C. MacWilliams, “Racially biased people are far more likely to oppose black athletes’ protests. Here’s the evidence,” April 20, 2017.
Kevin Wallsten, Tatishe M. Nteta, and Lauren A. McCarthy, “Racial prejudice is driving opposition to paying college athletes. Here’s the evidence,” December 30, 2015.
Michael Tesler, “Does race matter in NFL rosters?” May 15, 2015.
Andrew Gelman, “Only 14 percent want the Redskins to change their name,” October 19, 2014.
Brandon Valeriano, “Why are there so few Latinos on the U.S. soccer team?” June 14, 2014.

Race and ethnic politics around the world

Globally

Amoz JY Hor, “NATO was founded to protect ‘civilized’ people. That means White,” April 12, 2022.
Andrea Malji, Michael A. Allen, and Carla Martinez Machain, “The Navy’s fuel leak in Hawai’i outraged local activists. That’s happened around the globe,” January 13, 2022.
Jessica Gottlieb and Adrienne LeBas, “How the coronavirus pandemic is fueling ethnic hatred,” September 18, 2020.
Daphne Halikiopoulou and Sofia Vasilopoulou, “Far-right voters don’t dislike government. They just want to keep its benefits for their own ethnic group,” December 2, 2019.
Sam Winter-Levy and Nikita Lalwani, “When is nationalism a good thing? When it unites an ethnically diverse citizenry,” June 26, 2018.
Maya Tudor, “How nationalism can actually help democracies,” April 25, 2018.

Africa

Meghan Garrity, “50 years ago, Uganda ordered its entire Asian population to leave,” August 4, 2022.
Laura Seay, “Apartheid casts a long shadow across South Africa,” June 24, 2022.
Laura Seay, “‘Born in Blackness’ is a compelling, unforgettable read,” June 10, 2022.
Laura Seay and Kim Yi Dionne, “Announcing the ninth African Politics Summer Reading Spectacular!” June 3, 2022.
Kristen A. Harkness, “Africa has had eight coup attempts in recent months. What’s behind the ‘coup epidemic?” February 9, 2022.
Carolyn E. Holmes, “Archbishop Tutu’s radical commitment to humanity led him to criticize parties, people, and institutions,” December 27, 2021.
Safia Farole, “Ethiopia’s Tigray conflict reflects unresolved ethnic tensions,” November 24, 2020.
Carolyn Holmes, “What’s behind South Africa’s xenophobic violence last week?” September 9, 2019.
Susanna D. Wing, “What’s behind the escalating ethnic violence in Mali? Here’s what you need to know,” June 12, 2019.
Carolyn Holmes, “Tucker Carlson, those South African white rights activists aren’t telling you the whole truth,” May 15, 2019.
Evan Lieberman, “South Africa's apartheid regime ended 25 years ago,” April 27, 2019.
Kim Yi Dionne, “Here’s what it means to be Somali in Kenya,” August 3, 2018.
Yolande Bouka and Sarah Jackson, “Burundi votes tomorrow on controversial constitutional amendments. A lot is at stake,” May 16, 2018.
Yohannes Y. Gedamu, “Ethiopia just pardoned political prisoners. Could that signal a shift to real democracy?” February 9, 2018.
Carolyn E. Holmes, “Should Confederate monuments come down? Here’s what South Africa did after apartheid,” August 29, 2017.
Sophia Dawkins, “On South Sudan’s sixth birthday, here are 6 things you should know,” July 9, 2017.
Cara E. Jones, “There are signs of renewed ethnic violence in Burundi,” December 15, 2015.
Andy Baker, “Media portrayals of Africa promote paternalism,” March 5, 2015.
Adam Harris, “The end of race-based politics in South Africa?” January 29, 2014.
Evan Lieberman, “How Nelson Mandela pulled his punches and helped transform South Africa,” December 7, 2013.

Asia

David R. Stroup, “Why Xi Jinping’s Xinjiang policy is a major change in China’s ethnic politics,” November 19, 2019.
Alastair Iain Johnston and George Yin, “Beijing wants Taiwanese to identify as Chinese. But how do Taiwanese really feel?” June 4, 2018.
Hannah S. Chapman, “Russians are actually getting less xenophobic,” April 18, 2018.
Aram Hur, “The next ‘Korea problem’ may be about the growing identity divide on the peninsula,” February 21, 2018.
Navine Murshid, “Why is Burma driving out the Rohingya — and not its other despised minorities?” November 9, 2017.
Mayesha Alam, “5 things you need to know about the Rohingya crisis — and how it could roil Southeast Asia,” September 14, 2017.
Rose Luqiu and Fan Yang, “Anti-Muslim sentiment is on the rise in China. We found that the Internet fuels — and fights — this,” May 12, 2017.
Richard Arnold, “Surveys show Russian nationalism is on the rise. This explains a lot about the country’s foreign and domestic politics,” May 30, 2016.
Gerard Toal and John O'Loughlin, “Here are the 5 things you need to know about the deadly fighting in Nagorno Karabakh,” April 6, 2016.
Ralph S. Clem, “What exactly is Putin’s new ‘New Russia’?” September 4, 2014.
Kimberly Marten, “Vladimir Putin: Ethnic Russian nationalist,” March 19, 2014.

Europe

Cera Murtaugh, “Northern Ireland is politically divided. Maybe that’s changing,” June 14, 2022.
Dermot Hodson, “Northern Ireland’s border are stirring up trouble again,” November 19, 2021.
Lamis Abdelaaty, “European countries are welcoming Ukrainian refugees. It was a different story in 2015,” March 23, 2022.
Jeffrey Mankoff, “Putin likes to talk about Russians and Ukrainians as ‘one people.’ Here’s the deeper history,” February 10, 2022.
Allison McCulloch and Drew Mikhael, “Northern Ireland reforms ‘ethnic veto’ to help get its legislature back to work,” January 18, 2020.
John Sides and Michael Tesler, “Donald Trump is a symbol of white identity politics in Europe, too,” June 21, 2018.
Joshua Tucker, “Ukrainians are getting less divided by language, not more. Here’s the research,” June 8, 2018.
Pietro Castelli Gattinara and Francis O'Connor, “An Italian neo-fascist shot 6 immigrants. So why won’t Italy's political parties condemn xenophobia?” February 9, 2018.
Leonid Peisakhin and Noam Lupu, “Why are Crimean Tatars so hostile to Russia?” September 5, 2017.
Samantha Ruth Brown, “Denmark already had a Muslim ban. It was just called something else,” March 23, 2017.
Taras Kuzio, “Two myths about nationalism and anti-Semitism in Ukraine,” August 1, 2016.
Erik Bleich, “France has had more than its share of terrorist attacks. These 3 factors explain why,” July 18, 2016.
Jack Citrin, John Hanley, Morris Levy, and Matthew Wright, “Brexit proved again that identity can trump economics,” July 2, 2016.
Timothy Peace, “Who becomes a terrorist, and why?” May 10, 2016.
Gerard Toal and John O'Loughlin, “20 years after Dayton, here’s what Bosnians think about being divided by ethnicity,” February 2, 2016.
Edward Morgan-Jones, Neophytos Loizides, and Djordje Stefanovic, “20 years later, this is what Bosnians think about the Dayton peace accords,” December 14, 2015.
Eleanor Knott, “Do Crimeans see themselves as Russian or Ukrainian? It’s complicated,” December 3, 2015.
Brandon Tensley, “It’s been 25 years since German reunification. Why are former East Germans responsible for so much xenophobic violence?” October 2, 2015.
Erik Bleich, “Taking stock of Muslim integration successes in Europe,” October 3, 2014.
Jennifer Fredette, “Are Muslims permanent foreigners in France?” October 2, 2014.
Timothy Frye, “For Ukrainian voters, key is policy preferences, not native language or ethnicity, of candidates,” August 27, 2014.
Jacqueline S. Gehring, “How diverse national soccer teams challenge anti-immigrant and racialized politics in France and Germany,” July 3, 2014.
Jacqueline S. Gehring, “How the left and the right talk differently about the ethnicity of German soccer players,” June 7, 2014.
Terri E. Givens, Rhonda Evans Case, and Pete Mohanty, “Can equality be legislated? Evidence from Europe,” April 25, 2014.
Akos Lada, “Russia vs. Ukraine: A clash of brothers, not cultures,” March 4, 2014.
Kimberly Marten, “4 reasons why Crimea is not Abkhazia,” March 1, 2014.

Latin America

Julia Zulver and Jennifer M. Piscopo, “In Colombia, an activist, feminist lawyer is running for VP,” April 29, 2022.
Andrew Janusz, “Thousands of Brazilian candidates ‘switched’ racial identities this year,” December 8, 2020.
Mollie J. Cohen, Elizabeth J. Zechmeister, and Mitchell A. Seligson, “Those with darker skin report slower police response throughout the Americas,” February 9, 2015.
Joshua Nadel, “Race and racism in Honduran soccer and society,” June 19, 2014.

Middle East

Melani Cammett, Dominika Kruszewska, and Sami Attalah, “What Lebanon’s elections can teach us about the importance of religion,” May 5, 2018.
Brent E. Sasley, “Jerusalem’s status won’t be as easy to settle as other real estate deals. Here’s why,” December 25, 2016.
Benjamin Denison and Jasmin Mujanović, “Syria isn’t Bosnia. And no, the problem isn’t ‘ancient hatreds’,” November 17, 2015.
A. Kadir Yildirim, “Turkey’s Kurdish party at the threshold,” May 26, 2015.
Elizabeth Ferris and Abbie Taylor, “The past and future of Iraq’s minorities,” September 8, 2014.