GUIDE TO BEING CONCISE:
Editing Your Technical Writing to be Clearer & Shorter
By: Meagan Kittle Autry, Ph.D., Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, NC State University
During the editing phase, scour for non-concise terms or phrases and replace them with shorter, clearer versions. Here is a list to get you started. This list will be most useful to engineering, academic, business, and non-fiction writers.
Tip: Use ctrl + f (PC) or command + f (Mac) to search for a word you are looking to replace.
→ If you know more examples, please message me @makautry & I’ll add them! ←
Too Long/Complicated Version | Shorter, Better Version |
A | |
Actually | [Nothing; just cut] * |
Accordingly | So or Thus |
Accounted for by the fact that | Because |
Advantageous | Helpful |
Afford an opportunity to | Permit or Allow |
Am in the receipt of | Received |
Ameliorate | Improve |
Are + gerund, e.g. Are planning Are showing | Make gerund the verb, e.g. Plan Show |
Are able to + verb, e.g. Able to write Able to reset | Can + verb, e.g. Can write Can reset |
Are capable of + gerund, e.g. Are capable of showing Are capable of reporting | Make the gerund the verb, e.g. Show Report |
Arrive at/Come to a decision | Decide |
Arrive at/Come to an agreement | Agree |
At a later moment/date/time | Later or [specific time frame] |
At present At this point in time In this day and age" | Now |
Attend a meeting | Meet |
B | |
Business jargon, e.g. Back of the envelope Forward planning Low hanging fruit Human capital | Use plain language, e.g. Initial estimate Planning Easy tasks or Quick steps Employees or People |
Came to the conclusion | By or With |
C | |
Came to the conclusion | Concluded or decided |
Clearly | [Nothing; cut] * |
Can be of assistance | Can help |
Conduct an investigation of | Investigate or Study |
Consider + noun derived from a verb, e.g. Consider implementation Consider investigation | Verb form of the noun, e.g. Implement Investigate |
Contact by phone | Call |
D | |
During the course of During the process of | During |
E | |
An example of this is the fact that | For example |
Enumerate | List |
Evidenced | Shown |
F | |
Few and far between | Few ** Rare |
Fewer in number (Note: It’s never “less in number,” because you don’t use less with countable nouns!) | Fewer |
Fill completely | Fill |
First and foremost | First ** |
For the purpose of | For or to |
For the reason that Due to the fact that In light of the fact that Because of the way that | Because or As |
G | |
Going forward Moving forward | [Cut; just start with whatever comes after the phrase] |
Greetings Greetings of the day | Hello or Hi |
H | |
Has been shown to | [Cut, really!] |
Has the ability to | Can |
Has the potential to | May |
Have a meeting Hold a meeting | Meet |
I | |
I believe (that) I feel (that) I think (that) | [Cut; begin with whatever comes after] |
I myself | I |
I would like to request that | Please |
In an effort to | To |
In consideration of | Considering |
In excess of | More than |
In order to | To |
In reality | [Cut] |
In regards to | Regarding or About |
In the case of In the event that | For or With If |
In the last decade | Since [year] |
In the vicinity of In the proximity of | Near |
In the year 2018 | In 2018 |
Inception | Start |
Interestingly | [Cut] * |
Is applicable to | Applies *** |
Is going to | Will |
Is in attendance | Attends *** |
Is in violation | Violates *** |
Is of the opinion | Thinks *** |
Is prepared to [verb], e.g. Is prepared to review Is prepared to analyze | Will [verb] *** Will review Will analyze |
It has been decided that | [Cut; just start with whatever comes after the phrase] |
It is evident that It is clear that It is obvious that | [Cut; just start with whatever comes after the phrase] |
J | |
Join together | Join |
K | |
Kind of | [Cut] |
L | |
Lacked the ability to | Could not |
Last but not least | Last or Finally |
M | |
Make adjustments/changes Make a comment | Adjust or Change Comment |
Make contact with | Contact |
Make revisions | Revise or Change |
Methodology | Method |
Modification | Change |
Moreover | Also |
N | |
Needless to say | [Cut] |
O | |
Obviously It is obvious that | [Nothing; cut—you never want to insult your reader!] * |
On a daily basis On a weekly basis On a monthly basis On an annual/yearly basis | Daily Weekly Monthly Annually/Yearly |
Over the course of | In or During |
P | |
Phrasal verbs (verb + preposition), e.g. Look in to Blowing up | Action verb, e.g. Investigate or Research Explode |
Plain and simple | Simple ** |
Plan ahead Planned in advance | Plan Planned |
Q | |
Quite clearly | [Cut] |
R | |
Realistically | [Nothing; cut] * |
Really | [Nothing; cut] * |
S | |
Similar to | Like |
Strikingly | [Nothing; cut] * |
Surprisingly | [Nothing; cut] * |
T | |
The extent to which | How (much) |
The question as to whether | Whether |
The question as to which | Which |
The way in which | How |
U | |
V | |
Various | [Nothing; cut] |
Very | [Nothing; cut] * |
W | |
Was/were able to Was/were not able to | Could Could not |
With the exception of | Except for |
X | |
Y | |
Z | |
* The pattern here: Adverbs are not precise enough for technical writing. Leave them out.
** The pattern here: Pairs of words meaning the same thing are redundant. Choose the single, clearest word instead of using both.
*** The pattern here: “Is” is a linking verb that forces you to use another verb or adjective to say something. Skip “is” and draft a verb with more meaning behind it. For more on verbs and other parts of speech, I highly recommend Constance Hale's Sin and Syntax: How to Craft Wicked Good Prose as a modern grammar guide. Strunk and White, while a classic, is now a bit stale.