Sesegma Tsybikova

Buryatia

in

exam format

Ulan-Ude

2015

Section 1. The country and its people.

Geographical location, landscape, waterways, climate in Buryatia

Reading B2                                                        

Установите соответствие между заголовками A–Н и текстами 1–7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.  Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.        

1. Diversity of the natural landscape
2. Minerals.
3. Cloudless land
4. Abundance of the fauna
5. Waterways
6. Animals
7. Mountain chains
8. Location

1. It occupies a great territory of Eastern Siberia to the east of Lake Baikal. The total area is about 351 300 square kilometers with the population of about one million people. The north-western borderline runs along the shore of Lake Baikal. It also borders on the Tyva Republic and the Mongolian Republic.
2. The Republic is mostly mountainous but there is hardly a place in Russia where such a variety of scenery can be found. There are mountains and boundless steppes, thick forests and quiet lakes, mountainous rivers and, of course, world famous Lake Baikal. A.P. Chekhov visited Buryatia on his way to Sakhalin. He was greatly impressed by the nature of Zabaikalye. In one of his letters he wrote "In Zabaikalye I saw the Caucasus, Switzerland and the valley of the river Don".
3. There are the Barguzin and the Hamar-Daban mountain ranges. But the most famous are the Sayans with its highest peak, Munku-Sardyk (3491 meters).
4. The Buryat taiga is rich in fur-bearing animals: bear, wolf, fox, squirrel, mink etc. Nature has smiled at Buryatia, as it has a rich abundance of animal life, having such species like a Barguzin sable and a Baikal omul. The Barguzin national park was established in 1913.
5. The rivers of Buryatia are of no great value as waterways. The longest of them are the Selenga, the Uda, the Barguzin and others. All of them flow into the Baikal and only the Selenga which is a major tributary of Lake Baikal is navigable in summer and early autumn. During the greater part of the year the rivers are frozen. There are also a great number of small mountainous rivulets running into the Baikal with extremely pure water.
6. The most important mineral resources are ore, coal, asbestos, gold and graphite.
7. The climate is dry, winters are cold and summers are hot. There are more than 300 sunny days in Buryatia. That’s why Buryatia is often called “Sunny Buryatia”. (The text was taken from book of  Munkoshapova D. “Buryatia”)

B3

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1 – 6  частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G – лишняя. Занесите букву, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в  таблицу.

Buryatia is composed of mountain ranges, (1…….) and rolling steppes. The dominating relief is moderately high asymmetrical mountain ranges - the Barguzin, the Hamar-Daban and the Sayans. Buryatia is located (2 …..) Asia, thousands of kilometers away from the ocean. It has a (3……) climate. Cold temperatures of –40 o C are common throughout the region, but the heat of +35o occurs in July, (4…..) in the northern districts. Winters are severe and long; they usually begin in October and (5…….) April. The frost-free period is not more than 100 days. At the same time, Buryatia is one of the most (6……) places in Russia in terms of sunny days: the sun shines in cloudless skies for more than 200 days a year.

1. in remote
2. to
3. even
4. last until
5. severe
6. generous
7. coniferous forests

А15 – А21

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Lakes in Buryatia

The Baikal is the world's deepest lake. Its water is fresh. The water in it is so clear that if you look down, you can count the stones at the bottom.

The Baikal in figures:

Age: about 25 million years old. Length: 636 km. The maximal width: 79,5 km. The minimal width: 27 km. Length of the coastal line: 2000 km. The maximal depth: 1637 m. The total area: 31500 km². The volume: 23000 km³. More than 300 Siberian rivers flow into Lake Baikal and only one flows out, i.e. the powerful and quick Angara which carries its waters to the Yenisei. There are 22 islands in the Lake. The biggest one, Olhon, is 729 square km.

The Baikal, as a sea, has different kinds of winds – almost from every river valley. The most famous of them are called after the rivers – the Barguzin, the Sarma and the Kultuk. The kind of storm, known as the Sarma, can tear the houses roofs in the shoreline villages, overturn launches and throw sheep down the cliffs into the roaring waters. The Sarma reaches a speed of forty or more meters per second.

The Baikal has a great variety of living creatures. It hosts 1,085 species of plants and 1,550 species of animals. More than 80% of the animals are endemic. Among them there are such animals (usually known in seas) as sponges (the Baikal sponge), seals (Nerpa), crustaceans (the Baikal epishura).

(The text was taken from book of Munkoshapova D. “Buryatia”)

In Buryatia there are also small lakes, such as Yeravna lakes. There are more than 10 large and about 200 small lakes in Yeravna. They are located on the site of extensive ancient lakes of the Mesozoic period. The largest of them are the Big Yeravna (area - 10946 ha, depth - 6 m), the Small Yeravna and the Pine Lake.

Why was Yeravna called “the Land of Blue Lakes”? Long time ago a hot stone fell on the earth and broke into 3 large and 33 little stones which made funnels. It rained and funnels were filled with water and started to boil. Ice Mountains Turchul melted and formed three lakes –the Big Yeravna, the Small Yeravna, and the Pine Lake. The Big Yeravna, is rich in biological resources. Typical representatives of the fish are perch, pike, bream and carp. By the way, bream appeared in Buryatia in the waters of the Big Yeravna.

A15

The Sarma is so strong, that it can

1.throw sheep up into the water

2.throw sheep down into the water

3. throw sheep to the water

A16

More than 300 Siberian rivers

1. come to the lake
2. flow into the lake
3. flow out of the lake

A17

The Baikal has

1. a small variety of animals and plants
2. many of the animals and plants of the Stone Age
3. a large number of species of animals and plants

A18

More than 80% of the animals are

1. rare and endangered species
2. living within a water space
3. widely used in the past

A19

Yeravna Lakes are located

1. on the territory of a huge ancient lake
2. on the site of a narrow ancient lake
3. on the site of a naughty ancient lake

A20

…………… a hot stone fell on the earth

1. In times
2. Long time ago
3. At one time

A21

Lake Big Yeravna

1. is the natural source of obtaining necessary human wealth
2. has a considerable number of animal organisms, mainly fish
3. has fish

Languages, population, administrative division

Use of English

B4 – B10

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, обозначенные номерами B4 – B10, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

According to the Constitution, Buryatia has 2 state languages - Russian and Buryat. The Buryats are the Mongolian people. Their (B4 NATION) language is Buryat. It is the branch of the Mongolian language. There are dialects: Western, Eastern and Southern, which do not differ much from each other. Until 1930 the Buryats had Old-Mongolian, vertical letters. Since 1930s they (B5 WRITE) in Cyrillic letters.

Worldwide there are about 6 thousand languages. According to UNESCO, every year 25 languages and dialects are disappearing. If the process (B6 CONTINUE) in the same way, in 100 years, according to suggestions of linguists, half of the current languages will disappear. If 2 thousand years ago, a powerful expansion of Latin (B7 CONTRIBUTE) to the disappearance of many languages of Europe, but now the role of the "objective assassin"(B8 PLAY) by the English language. The Internet and electronic media amplify this effect; therefore, the loss of native languages of small peoples continues much faster than two millennia ago. This is also applied to the Buryat language. Now people (B9 FIGHT) for its preservation. We hope that the language (B10 STUDY).

В11 – В16

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, обозначенные номерами В11 – В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

On the territory of Buryatia, before (B11 TURN) region to the Russian state, there were (B12 NUMER) Eastern Buryats (Khorin people), Tungus and Mongolian tribes. The birthplace of Temuchzhyn (Chenghis Khan) is located between the lake and the river Onon. By the nineteenth century, the part of the Western Buryats, who had lived in the West of Lake Baikal, moved to the Eastern shore of Lake Baikal.

The Russian population of Buryatia appeared in the mid-seventeenth century, the time of (B13 ARRIVE) of the (B14 ONE) Cossack detachments and free people. They brought the new forms of agriculture and adapted them to local (B15 CLIMATE) conditions.

In ancient times the Evenki lived near Lake Baikal and (B16 CONSTANT) nomadized. “They are everywhere and nowhere" was said about them. The Evenki have been recognized as one of the indigenous people of the North.

А22 – А28

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Currently Buryatia is divided (A22) 21 municipal and 2 urban districts.  

Ulan-Ude is the capital of Buryatia. It was (A23) in 1666 by Russian Cossacks. Nowadays it is a big modern city 220 km east of Irkutsk with 360 000 people living in it. Verkhneudinsk (the old name of the city before 1934) was situated on the old Silk Road to the east and developed as a trading post in gold, silk and chinaware.

There are two rivers in the city: the Selenga and the Uda, which split into multitude of channels (A24) a number of picturesque green islands. The most famous one is Komsomolsk Island. There are a lot of picnic places there.

The climate is healthy. But sometimes snowstorms (A25) the life of the city in winter, particularly the transport and the heating system. Drinking water is good in the city.

Ulan-Ude is a cultural centre. It is famous (A26) its theatres.

There are 5 higher establishments in the city:

•        Buryat State University,

•        East Siberian State Technological University,

•        East Siberian State Academy of Culture and Arts

•        An Agricultural Academy and

•        Research Institute.

Besides, there are medical and dance schools, creative unions of writers, painters, composers and journalists.

There are 3 districts in the city: Sovetsky, Oktyabrsky and Zheleznodorozhny.

Sovetsky district has (A27) a political and business centre of the city. Zheleznodorozhny is an industrial district. And Oktyabrsky is mainly a cultural and scientific part of Ulan-Ude.

Soviet Square is one of the finest open places in Ulan-Ude. It is the oldest centre of the city with its Opera and Ballet House, the movie theater "Progress", the building of the Central post office and the hotels "Baikal Plaza" and "Buryatia".

A monument to the soldiers of the Second World War was opened with T-34 and is preserved as a reminder of the war. This main memorial is a place where newlyweds lay flowers on their wedding day. About 90000 people from Buryatia took part in the war and 34 of them received the title “Hero of the Soviet Union”. Streets and squares are named (A 28) them.

Ulan-Ude and its people are hospitable and friendly.

(The text was taken from book of Munkoshapova D. “Buryatia”)

A22 1) of   2) in  3) into 4) to

A23 1) founded   2) loaded.  3) removed  4) performed

A24  1) build  2) to build  3) to form  4) form

A 25  1) complicate  2) create  3) make  4) raise

A 26  1) in  2) on  3) for  4) by

A 27  1) become  2) sold  3) bought  4) purchase

A 28  1) in  2) for  3) after  4) above

По окончании выполнения заданий раздела НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ

Reading

B2

B3

А15 – А21

Use of English

Geographical location, landscape, waterways, climate, administrative division

Writing and speaking

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your friend Tom, who writes:

... It was great to hear that you went to Lake Baikal during your spring holidays. I have always wanted to visit this wonderful lake. Did you enjoy your journey? What did you do? What impressed you most of all? Did you like your hotel?

As for me, I am awfully tired because we’ve got too many tests at school. Can’t wait for the summer break...

Write a letter to Tom.

In your letter answer his questions; ask 3 questions about his school.

Write 100 – 140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

C2      You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Nowadays lots of young people tend to move to cities in search of better life. On the contrary, many adults consider such a lifestyle quite dangerous for their children. Who is right? Is the life in the city really as harmful as it may seem?

What is your opinion? Which way of life do you find more satisfying?

Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

-        make an introduction (state the problem)

-        express your personal opinion and give reasons for it

-        give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it

-        draw a conclusion

C3.

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

But even today one cannot say that we know all the secrets of this unique sheet of water. The Baikal is 25 million years old. And it still remains a young lake. It is 1634 meters deep. The Baikal is 636 km long, from 25 km to 79 km wide. Many seas are even considerably shallower. The lake consists of 20 % of the world's fresh water supply.

For Siberians it is a glorious sea. The water of the Baikal is amazingly clear; its transparency is 100 times greater than that of many other lakes, in fact, it is legendary.

There one finds the Baikal seal, golomyanka and of course, omul. The delicate fish has always been a favorite with Siberians. Even the thought of omul salted or smoked or baked is mouthwatering.(The text was taken from book of Munkoshapova D.)

C4.

Study the advertisement. You are going to learn the Buryat language. And now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1.        dates for beginning

2.        place

3.        teachers

4.        accomodation

5.        price

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

About the Linguistic centre "East-West"

• English, Chinese, Korean, Buryat languages at any level.
• English/Buryat for children from 4-6 years.
• Preparation to the Unified State Exam in English.
• English/Chinese for business.
• Rush courses in English/ Chinese for travelling
• Corporate training.
• Weekend courses.
• The synthesis of the most progressive methods of teaching foreign languages, well-equipped classrooms, lessons in mini-groups with the best teachers, the widest selection of programs and individual approach to each person.

C 5.

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

•when you took the photo

 •what is there in the photo

 •what is happening

•why you took the photo

•why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with:

I’ve chosen photo number …

C 6

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say what kind of leisure activities are presented in the pictures, which of them you prefer, explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Section 2.The country and its people.

State system, symbols and economy in Buryatia

Reading

B2

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – Н и текстами 1 – 7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.  Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.        

1. Tea road
2. Extracted minerals
3. Support in building
4. Poor, weak land
5. Engineering industry
6. Agricultural producers
7. Decline of the economy
8. Economic leader

1. Before the October revolution Buryatia was a backward region of Russia. There were no industrial enterprises. In small houses artisans processed fur, skin, produced some goods of iron. Minerals were not explored, except gold.

2. The most important trade routes passed from Russia to China through the Transbaikal region. Many rich merchants, who bought tea and sold grain and fur, lived in Verkhneudinsk .

3. The October revolution and the formation of the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1923) led to the development of agriculture and industry. The government invested annually many millions of roubles in the national economy of the Republic of Buryatia. Workers in large cities of the Soviet Union took the patronage over the construction of important industrial enterprises.

4. Many built factories were of great importance for the whole of the Soviet Union: the meat processing plant, locomotive repair plant, aircraft industry, and pulp-and-paper factory. The construction of the Baikal-Amur Railway, which stretched for 500 km in the North of Buryatia, caused building a steel structure plant. It produced bridges for railway.

5. Agriculture had also big changes. Collective farms and state farms were founded in the villages. They used tractors and seeders. All important natural products were produced in these farms.

6. After the fall of the Soviet Union the economy of Buryatia had a hard crisis. Many industrial enterprises were closed, collective farms and state farms stopped their existence as well. In the late 90's the Republic tried to improve the economy through reforms. Many enterprises were privatized, new farmers appeared.

7. Ulan-Ude aviation plant is considered to be the economic leader not only in Buryatia, but also in Russia. Last year it occupied the 11th place in terms of sales volume among the 25 largest defense enterprises of Russia.

B3

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1 – 6  частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G – лишняя. Занесите букву, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в  таблицу.

Buryatia is a presidential Republic. State (1…..) is exercised by the President, the people's great Khural, the Government and (2….). The President is the head of the state, he is (3….) person and the Chairman of the Government. The President is elected (4….) five years and (5….) speak two languages - Russian and Buryat. The highest organ of state power is the unicameral national Khural. The Khural (6……) of 66 members.

1. the courts
2. highest official
3. must
4. consists
5. in
6. power
7. for

А15 – А21

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

The flag and the coat of arms of the Republic of Buryatia.

The coat of arms of the Republic of Buryatia is a heraldic shield in a traditional form with a three-colored circle (blue, white and yellow colors of the national flag). In the upper part of the circle there is Golden Soyombo, which is a traditional symbol of the eternal life (the sun, moon, fire). In the center of the circle there are blue and white stripes - waves of Lake Baikal, as well as light green and dark green mountain peaks, which are typical for the local landscape. The lower part of the circle is framed by a blue ribbon “hadak", a symbol of hospitality of Buryat people.

The flag of the Republic of Buryatia consists of three horizontal stripes: the upper blue color, middle white, bottom yellow.  

Blue is the national color of the Buryats, it represents eternity. White is the symbol of high moral principles and happiness. Yellow (Golden) emphasizes the spiritual side. Religious Buryats profess Lamaism - a branch of Northern Buddhism, whose colors are golden yellow.

In the upper left corner one can see Soyombo (sun, moon, and fire). Buryat Soyombo consists of three elements: the moon, the sun and fire upwards. Fire means warmth and life. The first tongue of flame represents the past, middle - modern, third - future generations. Together the flames talk about the continuity of history. The sun symbolizes life, vitality. The Mongolian and Turkic people worshiped the moon as the main light; these people saw in it a mystery, because the moon was the master of the night.

A15

The green mountain peaks

1. light the local landscape
2. represent the natural scenery
3. praise the natural scenery

A16

A blue ribbon “hadak" symbolizes …of Buryat people

1. kindness
2. capacity
3. modesty

A17

Blue is the national color of the Buryats which………..

1. draws a century
2. symbolizes permanence
3. shows mind

A18

Yellow (Golden)

1. denies religion
2. blames religion
3. indicates religion

A19

Religious Buryats….. Lamaism - a kind of Northern Buddhism

1. study
2. express
3. profess

A20

Together the flames talk ……….

1. about not interrupted time
2. in permanence of the past
3. on researched history

A21

The Mongolian and Turkic people ……. the moon as the main light

1. fascinated
2. admired
3. adored

Symbolic and economy in Buryatia

Use of English

B4 – B10

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, обозначенные номерами B4 – B10, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Flag of Eravninsky aimag (B4 MAKE) in the form of a five-color Hadak. The upper blue color (B5 symbolize) the eternal blue sky. The yellow color (B6 BE) a golden sun. The bottom two colors - red and green represent all living beings with red blood on the green earth. The middle white separates two worlds - top and bottom, and gives balance. On the flag we see a white swan - mother of the Hori. The flag has two red ribbons - zhodbon that (B7 CARRY)  out a security function.

Flag of Horinsky aimag (B8 TO BE DEPICTED) on a silver shield. Flags of Russia and Buryatia (B 9 WEAVE) with the ornament "Friendship." Here we see a pattern "Soyombo" - sun, moon and fire - the eternal things. Also, there (B10 EXISTENT) a symbol of the Hori, i.e. a swan. 11 yurts represent 11 kins of the Hori.

В11 – В16

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, обозначенные номерами В11 – В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

At the background of the blue sky in the middle of the Kishinga flag stands Subarga "Dzharun Khashor", which (B11 TO CONSTRUCT) only in our area, after Nepal. (B12 FLOAT) Swan is a Hori totem. Sun - the source of life, warmth, and the whole life on our planet. The shape of (B13 MUSIC) signs underlines a special musical gift of Kizhinginsky sons and daughters. Chelsana Mountain - is one of the (B14 REVERE) sites, which protects against (B15 VARY) illnesses and "dark" forces, wishing good luck to all living beings and Spark (Soyombo) - the (B16 BEGIN) of life and eternity on the earth. Birch - a symbol of hospitality, an open soul. The lily (Ulaalzay) is listed in the Red Book of Buryatia; it is the personification of purity. The inscription "Hezhenge", acquiring a crescent shape, symbolizes the mystery of life.

А22 – А28

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

The economy of the Republic of Buryatia.

Industry occupies a significant place in the economy of Buryatia. The most important industrial sectors of Buryatia include machine building, metal processing, energy, construction materials, and timber industry.

Passenger carriages, traction engines and diesel engines for locomotives are repaired in the Locomotive-Wagon Repair Plant (A22) diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. In addition, the plant produces iron, steel and color castings.

Ulan-Ude aviation plant is one of the leading enterprises of the aviation industry and the military-industrial complex of Russia. The plant produces not only helicopters  (A23) planes.

On the territory of Buryatia more than 700 deposits of various minerals (A24). Gold mining is one of the main items of Buryatia’s income, (A25) a bit more than 2 percent of the area of Russia, its bosom (A26) a large Golden potential. The largest in Russia, the Yermakovskoe Beryllium Deposit is located in Kizhinginsky area, near the village of Novokizhinginsk. It has unique high (A27) beryllium. Mining jade in Russia was started in the mid-nineteenth century in the Eastern Sayany. After the 1990s, the recording is only (A 28), since a large part of the turnover jade is in the shadow market.

A22 1) of   2) in  3) into 4) to

A23 1) as well as   2) as  3) but  4) but also

A 24 1) were explored 2) explored 3) to explore 4) has been explored

A 25  1) occupy  2) occupying 3) take  4) taken

A 26  1) contents of  2) has  3) contains out 4) has by

A 27  1) deposit of  2) content about  3) inside out  4) inside from

A28  1) tirelessly 2) strange 3) approximate 4) exact

По окончании выполнения заданий раздела 2НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ

Reading

А15 – А21

Use of English

State system, symbolic and economy in Buryatia

Writing and speaking

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English- speaking pen-friend George who writes

...At school we are doing projects on political system of different countries. Could you tell me about the political system in Buryatia? Who is the head of the Republic? What is he or she famous for? What is the highest organ of state power?

I’d like to know much about the history of England. As for my visit to the library last week, it was really wonderful...

Write a letter to George.

In your letter

• tell him about political system in your Republic

• ask 3 questions about his visit to the library.

C2      You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Nowadays lots of young people want to work in industrial enterprises. They believe that they can earn a lot of money. On the contrary, others consider that agriculture has more advantages in the near future. Who is right? What is your opinion? Which work do you find more satisfying?

Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

-        make an introduction (state the problem)

-        express your personal opinion and give reasons for it

-        give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it

-        draw a conclusion

C3. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Local resources of agricultural raw materials form the basis of the food industry, which is represented by enterprises for the production of meat, dairy, fish, flour milling, alcohol products, confectionery and other products.

Cattle’s breeding presents meat-dairy cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry and horse.

Wheat, oats, barley, rye, potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, sea buckthorn, and root crops are cultivated.

C4. Imagine that you are a farmer. You have read the ad in the newspaper about the breed of sheep you would like to buy. And now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1. Price                                           4. Breed

 2. Food                                          5. Accommodation  

3.Endurance

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Edilbaevsk sheep have been brought to Buryatia from Astrakhan by the end of the year. According to the Ministry of agriculture and food, specialists of Eravninsky district will be engaged in breeding sheep.

C 5.

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

•when you took the photo

 •who and what is in the photo

 •what is happening

•why you took the photo

•why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with:

I’ve chosen photo number …

C 6

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say which of the kinds of work are presented in the pictures, what kind you prefer, explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Section 3. History and Present life of Buryatia.

History and religion

Reading

B2

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – Н и текстами 1 – 7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.  Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.        

1. State destruction  
2. State flourishing
3. Different names        
4. Different  beliefs
5. Three hundred years of domination
6. Centuries of settlement
7. Expansion of the territory
8. Obedient submission to the leader

1. Since ancient times, the Zabaikalski region is a part of the Central Asian historical and cultural region. The most interesting page in the history of Transbaikalia is its Hun period (late third century B.C. to the end of the first century of our era). In the Hun state many tribes were united. According to historical evidence, the Huns created a powerful state of the Central Asian nomads, which existed for three centuries.
2. Nomads’ state continued to exist for thousands of years in the Mongol Empire. Chenghis Khan united all major Mongolian tribes. Obeying to the strictest state discipline, the nations of the Trans-Baikal region participated in the campaigns of Chenghis Khan and his successors.
3. After the collapse of Chenghis Khan Empire, the Mongolian state continued to exist.  The tribes that roamed in Transbaikalia, remained in its structure.
4. In the 16th century, the Russian Empire began intensively to expand its borders to the East. The establishment of the Russia sustainable frontier led to the isolation of the Buryat tribes from the rest of the Mongolian world. The Tsar government had established its administrative system in Transbaikalia, but internal self-government was implemented by the Buryat nobility.
5. The Russians appeared in Transbaikalia in the seventeenth century. In the XVIII – XIX centuries the old believers (Semeyskie) were sent here, peasant settlers and Cossacks appeared in the late XIX - early XX century. All three waves brought their own culture; the most striking of them are the Old believers.
6. Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) was founded in 1923. In 1958 the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR was renamed as the Buryat ASSR. In 1990 the sovereignty of the Buryat Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed, and the refusal of the status of Autonomous Republic was declared. In 1991 the Parliament of the Republic of Buryatia excluded from the name of the Republic the definition "Soviet" and "Socialist", and it received its present name.
7. Different religions and confessions coexist peacefully in Buryatia. The most common and traditional of them are Buddhism and Christianity. The center of Buddhism in Russia is in Buryatia.

B3

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1 – 6  частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G – лишняя.

Orthodoxy (from the Greek "proper service", "correct doctrine") is one of the world's major religions, (1…….). Orthodoxy emerged in the first Millennium under the leadership of the chair of the Constantinople Bishop. The Orthodox (2 …..) in God, Trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

In recent years (3……), there is an opinion that Orthodoxy as a religion, loses the competition with Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Catholicism, as (4…..) to the modern world. But, perhaps maintaining a true deep religiousness, which is inextricably linked with the Russian culture, is the main purpose of Orthodoxy, which (5…….) the Russian people.

The first Orthodox churches on the territory of Buryatia appeared in the XVII century. The most famous are Spaso -Preobrashensky church and (Holy Trinity) Svjato-Troizk monasteries. In 1700 Hodigitria Cathedral (6……) in Verkhneudinsk, and nine years later - Holy Trinity Church.

1. due to globalization of the spiritual life
2. a direction in Christianity
3. not sufficiently adapted
4. believe
5. was based
6. will in future be saved by
7. is based

А15 – А21

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Buddhism in the form of Lamaism came to Transbaikalia from Mongolia and Tibet. Buddhism, as a religion of Buryatia, has been existing here as officially recognized for about 260 years. In 1741 it was legitimized by the decree of the Russian Empress, Elizaveta Petrovna.

Buddhism in Buryatia has been one of the official religions since the mid-eighteenth century. This religion is a national form of regional traditions of Tibetan-Mongolian Buddhism in the form of the Gelug.

By the beginning of XX century there had been already 47 datsans in Buryatia, books were widely published in Tibetan and Mongolian languages.

After the October revolution all temples were closed, nationalized, and then looted and destroyed. Almost two thousand Buddhist lamas were sent to prison camps or executed.

At the end of the Great Patriotic War it was allowed to open one datsan in Buryatia (Ivolginsky datsan), and one in the Trans-Baikal territory (Aginski datsan). Since the 90-ies of XX century the revival process of Buddhism has begun in Russia. Many Buddhist temples appeared. In 1991 the Buddhist Institute "Dashi Choinhorlin" was opened. Future Lamas study translations of canonical texts and the thanka paintings.  Traditional Tibetan medicine is practiced widely.

During the previous three centuries the Buryats were able to make a significant contribution to the development of world Buddhism. The following Buryat Buddhist teachers are famous all over the world: Zayaev Damba-Darzi (1711-1776), the first outstanding Buryat Lama, received the best classical Buddhist education in Tibet, Zayaev managed to persuade the Russian government to legitimize Buddhism in the country and became the First Pandito Hambo Lama, the head of the Buryat Buddhists.

A15

Buddhism was legitimized by the decree of Russian Empress.

1. Russian Empress refused to legitimate Buddhism

2. Russian Empress didn’t refuse to legitimate Buddhism

3. Russian Empress allowed to legitimate Buddhism

A16

By the beginning of XX century in Buryatia books were widely published in Tibetan and Mongolian languages.

1. By the early 20th century books in the Tibetan language had been widely published.
2. By the 20th century books in the Mongolian language had been widely published
3. By the early 20th century  books in Mongolian and Tibetan languages had been widely published

A17

All temples were destroyed after the October Revolution.

1. all the churches were humiliated
2. all the churches were eliminated
3. all the churches were restored

A18

During the repression two thousand Buddhist lamas  …….

1. suffered in the camps and died
2. were beaten and forgiven
3. served at their jobs and died

A19

Since the 90-ies of XX century …….. of Buddhism began in Russia.

1. continued action
2. engage action
3. recoverable action

A20

The first outstanding Buryat Lama, Zajaev   ………

1. forced the Russian government to reject Buddhism
2. asked the Russian government to refuse adaptation of Buddhism
3. explained to the Russian government about the necessity of the Buddhism adoption  

A21

The role of the Buryats in the development of global Buddhism is …

1. minor
2. indifferent
3. impressive

Traditions, holidays, and religion

Use of English

B4 – B10

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, обозначенные номерами B4 – B10, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Ivolginsky datsan

It is the (B4 FAMOUS) temple of Buryatia and important place of pilgrimage for Buddhists not only in Russia, but all over the world. The temple is located in the Republic of Buryatia, in Ivolga district, it (B5 FOUND) in 1945. During the years of Soviet power, after the anti-religious policy in the country, Ivolginsky temple was the first working Buddhist temple, now it is also a monument of history and architecture, the Museum of religious architecture, which (B6 ATTRACT) many Buddhist pilgrims and tourists from different countries. In 1945 it was decided to open the temple. Local Buddhists began to collect money to build it. They collected religious items for the temple, it (B7 BUILD) soon as a wooden house, which (B8 GIVE) a view of the temple.

In the XXI century the Ivolginsky datsan(B9 ACQUIRE) a special importance due to the acquisition of Buddhist shrines – Pandito Hambo Lama XII Dashi Dorzho Itigelov’s Incorruptible body. On the territory of the temple there are many buildings. For example, Devachen-building is Paradise of the Buddha Amitabha, which emerged in the 1970s, (B10 DEVOTE) to the theme of the Pure Land or Western Paradise, and called Sukhavati in Sanskrit, or Devachen in Tibetan language. There is a business information center in the temple, where you can find information about meetings and accommodation in the hotel.

В11 – В16

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, обозначенныe номерами В11 – В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

Egituiski temple is located in the Republic of Buryatia, 300 km far from Ulan-Ude on the (B11 BEAUTY) western bank of the river Marachta, between two hills, in areas Hara-Shibir, in Eravninsky region. The temple is (B12 KNOW) by the fact that it contained the famous Buddha statue - Sandanjuu. It was built                   2,5 thousand years ago owing to the request of the Raja of Oddiyana. The statue came to Russia in Yeravna, thanks to the incredible efforts of Sorzha-Lama of Egituiski datsan, Gombo-Dorzho Erdyniev and many other people who risked their (B13 LIVE). Sandalwood statue was bought by the lamas of the monastery during the "boxer (B14 REBELL)" in China. According to another version, in the winter of 1901 in Beijing, Buryat Cossacks removed the statue from fire, and thus, saved it from destruction in the fire. As a trophy, statue was brought with great caution on a sleigh to Buryatia. Until 1935 the statue stood in one of the buildings in Egituiski temple, it was the object of worshipping and (B15 VENERATE). In the period of anti-religious repression statue was moved to Ulan-Ude and was kept in the collections of the Buryat National Museum of History. In September 1991 the Buddhist Shrine of global (B16 SIGN) - the Sandalwood statue of the Buddha was returned to the Egituiski datsan.

А22 – А28

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Sagaalgan – Buryat New Year

According to the Buddhist tradition, the celebration of the New Year is held in different years between late January and mid-March, (A22) the first new moon of spring due to the Lunar calendar.

Three days before the holiday a special prayer service takes place, dedicated (A23) the Dharmapala - ten defenders of the Doctrine. The greatest veneration (A24) them will be subjected to the goddess Sri Devi (Tib. Baldan Lhamo). To obtain the blessings of this goddess, it is recommended not to sleep the whole night until 6 in the morning. The prayer ends at 6 o'clock in the morning. The Abbot wishes everyone a Happy New Year.

Each family tries to clean (A25) before the New Year, and believers visit the astrologer to make a horoscope for the coming year. They prepare a special new year's altar; attend the prayers on the Eve. Each family prepares holiday meals and gifts. Hadag is given as a present to a man and a silk head scarf to a woman. A necessary ritual in Sagaalgan is the exchange of gifts - it could be a pack of sugar, dairy products, sweets, or simply, money. The basis of many meals consisted of milk and meat. Every woman has reached great art on the eve of Sagaalgan when dairy food is not just a meal but a symbol of prosperity in the coming year. Honorary dish is prepared, i.e. boiled sheep's head or breast.

The ceremony of launch "the wind fortune horse” takes place in the days of the New Year. The wind horse brings good luck; it is a symbol that shows the state (A26) human welfare. The image of “the wind fortune horse” is tied (A27) a tree or placed on the roof of the house. It is believed that "the wind horse good luck" is a powerful protection against (A 28) and disease.

A22 1) of   2) on 3) into 4) to

A231) to 2) in 3) on 4) about

A 24 1) among 2) into 3) between 4) next

A 25 1) in 2) on 3) over 4) up

A 26 1) in 2) by 3) for 4) of

A 27 1) on2) of 3) to 4) with

A 28 1) misfortune 2) fortune 3) luck 4) suddenness

По окончании выполнения заданий раздела 3 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ

Reading

B2

B3

А15 – А21

Use of English

Traditions, holidays, and religion

Writing and speaking

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your friend Susan, who writes:

Dear Masha,

Thanks for your letter.

 I wish I'd been at that party and had fun with all of you! I usually celebrate birthday parties. I invite some of my classmates and closest friends. Besides birthdays, my friends have New Year's parties, but I don't attend them since New Year is a family celebration here. My favorite celebration is New Year. Children dress up in costumes, have snacks and drinks, play jokes, dance and tell scary stories. Sometimes our parents join us. I really think this day is fun!

Tell me about New Year’s celebration in Buryatia. Why is the New Year called “White Month”? How long does it last? What do you do during this holiday?  What do your parents do?

Write back soon.

Love,

Suzan

Write a letter to Suzan.

In your letter answer her questions; ask 3 questions about New Year parties.

Write 100 – 140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

C2      You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Some people think that religion plays the most important role in the development of our civilization; others believe that our world would be impossible without science.  

What is your opinion? Which is more important in our lives?

What is your opinion?

Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

-        make an introduction (state the problem)

-        express your personal opinion and give reasons for it

-        give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it

-        draw a conclusion

C3.

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

The idea of a three-dimensional space of the Universe is at the heart of Buryat shamanism. According to the mythology of the Buryats, there are three worlds. The upper world is inhabited by the deity Tengri. The middle world is a world where people and earthly beings live, where life is given to them as a trial period, in which every man has improved and developed the good and noble qualities. The lower world is the world where different spirits of the hell live, who punish the souls of sinners for their earthly sins.

C4.

Study the photo. You are  going to learn about the  Buryat holiday, Surharban. And now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1.        history

2.        time

3.        action

4.        clothing

5.        types of competitions

You have 20 seconds to ask each question

.

C 5.

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

•when you took the photo

 •what is in the photo

 •what is happening

•why you took the photo

•why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with:

I’ve chosen photo number …

C 6

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say what kinds of rest  is presented in the pictures, what  you prefer, explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Section 4.About one of the Buryat tribes:  the Hori

About the tribe of the Hori: history

Reading

B2

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – F и текстами 1 – 5. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.  Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.        

1. Who was Alan-Goa?
2. Division
3. Why is the tribe Hori called so?
4. Founders of tribe  
5. Return
6. Escape

The origin of the Hori Buryats.

1. The book "The Secret History of the Mongols" says: "The ancestor of Chenghis Khan, Bүrte-Shono, lived with his wife, Gua Maral in the area of Burhan Khaldun, and here his son, Bata Sagaan was born. Bata Sagaan had a son, Dobu Mergen, who married Alan-Goa.
2. Father of Alan-Goa, Horidoy became the first leader of the Hori-Buryats. He had three wives – Sharaldai, Nagaaday and Bargudzhin-Goa. Bargudzhin-Goa gave a birth to one daughter, Alan-Goa, who was born in Arik Us. She was a mother of Bordjigin, who became a great-grandfather of Chenghis Khan.
3. His second wife had sons: Galzut, Huatsay, Hubdut, Sharayt and Guchid, and the third wife - Hargan, Bodongut, Halban, Batanay Sagan. Continuing to increase, these children  became the heads of 11 kins, and due to the fact, that the name of their father was Horiday, these tribes got the name of the Hori. 11 clans of the Hori Buryats are called after the names of the Horiday sons.
4. During the Mongol rule, the Hori tribe was withdrawn to the northeastern Mongolia, where they lived until the early 16th century, getting into a relationship with different small Mongol Khans.
5. At least, when the leader of the Hori became Balzhin Hatan - the daughter of Buyant Zasag Khan from Inner Mongolia and a noble Hori woman, Shene Gere. She married Huntayzhi, the son of the Mongol ruler, Buubey-Bailey. Then the Hori came back from Mongolia to their land, which they had left in the IX century. Buubey Bailey sent pursuit after them. They returned Huntayzhi. Later, Balzhin-Hatan was caught. People of Buubey Bailey killed her, cut off her breasts, threw them into the lake, which became white. The Hori called this lake “Balzhin-Nuur”.

B3

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1 – 6  частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G – лишняя. Занесите букву, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Flags and Coat-of-Arms

Each Hori tribe has its flag and coat-of-arms.

The bright red flag has a golden frame. In the circle there is an image of the dog – totem of Galzuud, on the top the word "galzuud" is written in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The yellow flag has a green frame. In the circle there is an image (1…….). The word "huasay" is written on the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The blue flag has a golden frame. The (2 …..) of "hubduud", the word "hubduud" is written on the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The (3……) frame. In the circle there is an image of lynx – hudays totem, the top word "Khudai” is written in the Cyrillic alphabet, at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The yellow flag has a red ocher frame. In the circle there is an image of red deer - sharayts totem, on the top word "sharayd" is written in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The black flag has a gold frame. (4…..) - harganats totem, the top word "Hargana" is written in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The (5…….). In circle there is an image of grouse - gushads totem, the word "gushad" is written at the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The brown flag has a gold frame. In the circle there is an image of boar - bodonguds totem, at the top the word "bodonguud" is written in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The white flag has a dark blue frame. In the circle there is a picture of a wolf - Sagans totem. The word "Sagaan" is written at the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The black flag has a golden frame. In the circle there is an image of column - halbans totem. The word "halban"(6……) at the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom it is in the old Mongolian.

The green flag has a gold frame. In the circle there is a rabbit - batanays totem. The word "batanay" is written at the top in the Cyrillic alphabet and at the bottom in the old Mongolian.

1. brown  flag has a golden
2. of elk – totem of "huasay"
3. is written
4. crimson flag has a golden frame  
5. In the circle there is an image of merlin
6. eagle is a totem

А15 – А21

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Legend of the Hori-Buryats. Babzha Baras Baatar

There are interesting legends and stories about the historical figure, Taizhou (Prince) of the Hori-Buryats, Babzha Baras-Bator, who in the seventeenth century joined the fight against the Manchu aggression. The legends are about the hero who protected his people; he was praised for Herculean strength, and skills in archery.

Majestic stone sculptures rise in the centre of the steppe in Yaruuna. The legendary Babzhi Baras-Bator - Hora-Shuluun, which means stone fence, opens the amazing beauty of the majestic view. Stone pillars seem to be large defensive walls against attacks. They are divided into three separate parts, and lined with loose stones on the south side, like the gate. According to legends, Babzhi Baras-Bator with his brothers built a stone fence to stop the onslaught of enemies and close his herd at nights.

To the South-West from Hore Shuluun there is a beautiful stone  4-5 meters high. There are some caves inside it, they are about 2 meters high and 3 meters wide. Besides, there is a stone, its length is 4-5 meters, and the width is 2-3 meters. There is also a hole in the middle of the stone, it was believed that there had been Babzha-Baras Bator’s head and his body. Further, there is a train of rocky poles 5-6 meters high and its circle is 100 meters. Moreover, there is an ancient alphabet on the exterior side of the rock. Author: Ligdenov Shambal.

A15

He was praised for …..  ……...

1. sleight of hand  2. power of hand  3. grace of hand

A16

Stone sculptures  ……..

1. stand in the middle of steppe  
2. lie between the steppes
3. are at the top of the steppes

A17

Stone fence opens …..

1. shabby appearance  
2. a fascinating view
3. dejected appearance

A18

Stone pillars  

1. strike enemies
2. contribute to the enemies
3. protect against enemies

A19

Fence is lined with …… stones on the south side, like the gate.

1. floury   2. dense  3. solid

A20

Babzhi Baras-Bator with his brothers built a stone fence to stop ….. of enemies.

1. recovery   2. departure   3. invasion  

A21

There are some …. inside it

1. grotto   2. holes  3. ditches

About the Hori tribe: traditions

Use of English

B4 – B10

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, обозначенные номерами B4 – B10, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

The symbolic expression of traditional culture of the Hori.

Color symbolism

Color is a (B4 LEAD), (B5 ORGANIZE) space beginning that can cause an active emotional response. In Hori - Buryat culture, color plays a big role, as each specific color has a specific meaning, symbolizing a particular concept.

In the book "Time of Fire", N. Angaraeva defines four characters in districts (B6 INHABITE) by the Buryats. "Symbol of Tunka, Oka, Zakamna – the fire, the symbol of Aga, Horinsky area, Yaruuna, and Kizhinga - the sky, a symbol of Ust-Orda – the earth, a symbol of Olkhon, Kurumkan, Barguzin – the water. (B7 BASE) on the foregoing, we dare to endow color symbolism of the Buryat tribes. The Tunka, Oka, Zakamna Buryats are the red fire tribes. Due to the fact, that the sky and the water are blue, the Hori-Buryat, Kurumkan are the blue Buryats. Ehirity, Bulagaty with symbol of the earth are the black Buryats.

Blue color

In national symbols - the blue color represents one of the two major higher powers - the Eternal Blue Sky (Huhe Munkhe Tengri). Therefore, the symbolism of blue is one of the main (B8 ETHNOS) and cultural constants for the Buryat culture. Sky is a symbol of masculinity in the mythology of the Buryats. Blue color (B9 SERVE) to express the idea of primordial ethnicity. The totemic ancestor of the Hori-Buryats is a swan, a creature that is (B10 ASSOCIATE) with the sky.

В11 – В16

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, обозначенные номерами В11–В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

White color

Symbolic white for such a mythological character, as a white man, a patron of longevity, wealth, happiness, family (B11 WELL) was especially significant. Buddhism goes back to an idea of ten white good deeds, the cults of White Tara, the God with white umbrella (Sagaan Shyherte).

For the Hori, white color symbolizes the (B12 BEGIN), the origins of something. That’s why the beginning of the New Year is called "white month". Mouse, (B13 START) a twelve-cycle chronology, is described as "a mouse with a white mouth" (ama Sagan hulgana);

White color symbolizes a man. If they say about maternal relatives "Ulaan shuhan turel" (blood relatives), concerning about these of father's, it is "Sagaan yahan turel" (relatives of the white bone).

Red color

The red color - the color of joy symbolizes (B14 HAPPY), victory, (B15 KIND). The red color represents the image of the ancient object of devotion - the Sun and things associated with fire, light and heat, without them there is no life on the Earth. In this regard, it should be emphasized that the life-giving Ayusha Burhan, the god of longevity is red in color, holding in his hands  a jar with the immortal elixir.

Respect to the sun that gives warmth and life is expressed in the top of hats which are decorated with red silk tassels and a red ball (denze), symbolizing the sun and its rays. (B16 COMPARE) the red sun with their soul, the Hori believe that their soul will soar as the sun over head forever.

А22 – А28

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Symbolism of numbers

The number is one of the universal organizing principles by which nature (A22).

Number "1" - the beginning of a series of numbers, expresses the concept of "all", the first, whole, indivisible. The root word - "one" concept  (A23) it - one, the only; association - one God, one universe, one sun, the moon, clan, tribe - that is not divided and is (A24) as a whole.

Number "2" expresses various steam semantic concepts in binary oppositions: black - white, good - bad, up - down, (A25)- death, good - evil, forward - backward, etc. There are a lot of positive pairs. We say about two heaven luminaries - the Sun and the Moon. Each person has two of the (A26) and loved ones – father and mother. There are a lot of double names, eg. place names: Tsyden-Yeshi, Badma Handa, Ulan-Ude, and others. A double word makes the speech more impressive. The Hori say: "One child is not a child." Therefore, they say good wishes in  weddings: We wish you two children, a boy and a girl.

Number "3" - is one of the (A27) numbers in many nations, as in the material and spiritual culture, it is the sign of the Earth. Number "three" is a symbol of happiness and joy; it is the basis of the whole development. All restricted or defined (A 28) three, because the beginning, the middle, and the end contain number of everything, and it contains number "three".

A22 1) is developing 2) will develop 3) is being developed 4) has developed

A231) created from 2) excluded from 3) expelled 4) derived from

A 24 1) understanding 2) understand 3) have understood 4) understood

A 25 1) live 2) leave 3) living 4) life

A 26 1) most honored 2) honor 3) honoring 4) more honor

A 27 1) accurate 2) religious 3) sacred 4) secret

A 28 1) on 2) by3) with 4) in

По окончании выполнения заданий раздела 3 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ

Reading

B2

B3

А15 – А21

Use of English

About the tribe Hori: traditions

Writing and speaking

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your friend Ann, who writes:

Dear Polly,    

    I'm so happy to get your letter. It's wonderful that reading is your hobby!

    As for me, I like reading and books play a very important role in my life. At the same time, I read legends of my people. I am interested in the traditions. What about you? Can you tell me about the traditions of Buryatia? Who is your favorite national hero? Do you like to read books about the history of your people? What is favourite colour for your people?

Write back soon!

With love,

Ann

Write a letter to Ann. Ask 3 questions about national traditions; answer her questions. Write 100 – 140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

C2      You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Some people think that you need to know your roots, the history of your people, its traditions and customs. Others think it is not necessary.

What is your opinion? Which is more important in our lives?

What is your opinion?

Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

-        make an introduction (state the problem)

-        express your personal opinion and give reasons for it

-        give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it

-        draw a conclusion

C3.

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Number "4" is the symbol of unity and integrity of creation, because it represents the horizontal development of the surrounding area, it is a symbol of  four cardinal directions: North - South, East – West; four seasons - Winter, Spring, Summer, Autumn; four elements: air, water, fire, earth, and 4 limbs in animals and people.

In ancient times, the Hori custom "sahimzha" was provided by offering nominal meat in four directions. This fact indicates that the Hori respected the East-West, South-North for a long time and worshipped them.

C4.

Study the poem by Bair Dugarov. You are going to learn the history of the Buryat tribe, the Hori. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask three direct questions to find out the following:

1. origin
2. the area
3. the quality of character

«Ушли чингисиды,

А хори остались –

живучее племя на все времена.

Оно по азийским

просторам скиталось.

И чашу кочевий испило до дна».

"The descendants of  Chenghis Khan went away,

But the Hori stayed -

A tenacious tribe in all times.

They wandered around Asian lands,

And experienced all the troubles

of the nomad life»

C 5.

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

•when you took the photo

 •what is there in the photo

 •what is happening

•why you took the photo

•why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with:

I’ve chosen the photo  …

C 6

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare  the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say what kinds of leisure activities are presented in the pictures, what do you prefer, explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Section 5. Cultural life of Buryatia.

Literature and Fine arts

Reading

B2

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – Н и текстами 1 – 7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.  Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.        

1. Fast growth  
2. Further development
3. Further warning
4. Heroic epic works  
5. Retained in the memory lines
6. Unordinary work
7. The new trend of the time
8. Complete description of reality

1. Myths tell us about the origin of the Universe and life on the earth. The uligers are epics of a large size: from 5 thousand to 25 thousand lines. The contents of the uligers: "Abai Geser", "Alamzhhi Mergen" are heroic. The uligers are performed by skilled storytellers.
2. More than two hundred epic tales have survived in the memory of the Buryat people. The epic "Abai Geser" called the "Iliad of Central Asia" is the main among them. The epic "Geser" is known in Mongolia, China and Tibet. It is believed that the most ancient and authentic version of the epic existed in the Western Buryatia. Storytellers remembered by heart the epics consisting of the thousands of lines and could talk for three days and nights, and sometimes even more.
3. The Soviet Buryat literature is characterized by extremely rapid development. For a short time it managed to do that in different historical circumstances. In 1917 Buryat national literature was not developed yet. In fact, the literature was oral folk poetry.
4. The storybook "So it was" (1936) by Namsaraev in the prose of the 30-es should be especially noted. This work of written literature was really amazing. Each story from the series is independent, but at the same time, they are organically linked, so that the whole collection seems to be one piece of unusual genre.
5. In the postwar period national writers came to the all-Union arena. There is a new genre - the Buryat historical novel. Talented writers of the older generation as Tumunov, Namsaraev, Tsydendambaev began creating major prose works primarily. There was a further intensification of literary life in the Republic.
6. In the novel "Stolen happiness" by Batozhabai, the author gives not only a broad picture of pre-revolutionary life of the Buryat people on the background of great historical events, but also tries to identify patterns in historical development, in the vicissitudes of life and fate of the society and an individual. And the comic and the tragic in the novel demonstrate the depth of true feelings.
7. According to the linguists, Dondok Ulzytuev’s poems sound especially touching without translation. They have been remained in 11 books that the author was able to publish during his lifetime. Also 6 books were translated into the Russian language. Linguists of our time, discussing the literary process of 50-60-es, called the creativity of Dondok Ulzytuev, a new trend of that time.

B3. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1 – 6  частями предложений, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G – лишняя. Занесите букву, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Tsyrenshap Sampilov

Sampilov is a Soviet painter, the founder of the Buryat art. He was born in the village of Domna, Eravninsky region. In his childhood he worked as a shepherd. He was a volunteer of Chita art-industrial school. Sampilov stood (1…….) including other eight artists, who were in 1933 the members of the Buryat-Mongolian Artist Union. But the art of Sampilov gave (2 …..) of the nation most accurately and clearly.

Sampilov’s creativity, infused with a joyful attitude, (3……) by simplicity and truthfulness of the image interpretation.

Buryat state art museum is named after C. S. Sampilov. In his native Yaruuna, in Sosnovo-Osjorskoje there is a picture gallery named after Tsyrenshap Sampilov, the first Burjat painter. Sampilov always depicted his native land –Yaruuna.

The major work "Love in the steppe" was painted in the spring of 1927. This picture is fascinating, first of all, has (4…..). On a clear spring day two young horse-riders –a man and a woman in traditional dress ride slowly in a wide Trans Baikal steppe. A young man, strong, (5…….) and holding the reins of the hot horse leans towards his companion. Smiling, he (6……), from which her face lightens up with a faint smile of joy and embarrassment. Timidity and restraint are felt in her modest appearance. We see her shy smile, and shining eyes, but at the same time, she is sitting with self-respect.

1. is characterized
2. an expression of happiness, freshness of sincere human feelings
3. broad-shouldered, sits in the saddle
4. at the origin of the Buryat professional fine art  
5. was based
6. the spiritual essence
7. says words to her

А15 – А21

Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Symbolism of happiness

What is "happiness"? According to the encyclopedia "Wikipedia": "Happiness is well-being, health, long life." The opinions of our respondents: "Happiness is warmth in the cold, food when you are hungry, and the sun after the clouds." We divide the things, bringing happiness, in two directions. On the one hand, they are animate objects (people, animals, and insects), on the other hand, they are unanimated objects

Group 1

1. Horse, sheep. If you go along the road and first it is a horse or a sheep that comes across, it will bring good luck. These animals with hot breath are considered solar animals.
2. Mouse - an animal that starts the 12-year cycle - the attribute of the god Namsaraya, who gives wealth to people. Sacred stones, chindamani (zendemeni) that bring wealth, abundance to people fall from the mouth of the mouse.
3. Mouse or elk. In a way, if a mouse or an elk crosses the road from the left to the right, this is a happy sign.

Group 2

There are many auspicious ornaments, symbolizing happiness.

Ulzy - "twist" is an ancient ornament, symbolizing happiness, prosperity, longevity.

Ornament "Lanza hee." The Hori hang it above the house door to protect it from thieves. It performs security functions.

Horn means a lot of cattle. The source of wealth is livestock; therefore, it is the symbol of happiness.

Ornament "Yurts in a row" means a wish to have many children, because children were considered as the first wealth.

A15

What is "happiness" according to the encyclopedia "Wikipedia?

1. health

2. money

3. success

A16

What is "happiness" in the opinions of our respondents?

1. food when you don’t want to eat
2. drinks when you want to eat
3. food when you want to eat

A17

We divide things, …happiness,  in two directions.

1. taking
2. bringing
3. describing

A18

If you go along the road and first it is …… that comes across, it will bring good luck.

1. a cow
2. a mouse
3. a horse

A19

Mouse - an animal that starts the 12-year cycle - the attribute of god, Namsaraya, who gives ….. to people.

1. health
2. long life
3. wealth

A20

Horn means a lot of ……

1. cattle
2. horses
3. cows  

A21

Ornament "Yurts in a row" means ……….. , because children were considered as one of the first resources.

1. a wish to have wealth
2. a wish to have many children
3. a wish to be happy

Material culture. National food. Symbolic.

Use of English

B4 – B10

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, обозначенные номерамиB4 – B10, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

The basis of Buryat food is meat and milk. Vegetables and fish (B4 BE) additional food to the basic ration. The most (B5 HONOR) dish was lamb's head. Dish was honorable, and not edible. The guest, who (B6 BRING) the head, cut its skin pieces and(B7 THROW) it in the fire. This (B8 SEE) as a sacrifice to the spirits of ancestors and the "owner" of the home.

Nomads always ate fish reluctantly, there was no tradition to catch, cook and eat fish. With the arrival of the Russians in Siberia, the Buryats quickly mastered fishing tackles, caught grayling and pike. Religious prohibitions were applied only to one fish that is burbot. It (B9 CONSIDER) the totemic ancestor of the Echirits, one of the four major tribes of the Buryat people. Currently, the most popular fish in Buryatia and Baikal is omul. It is eaten fried, boiled, smoked and (B10 SALT).

В11 – В16

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, обозначенные номерами В11 – В16, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

The number "5", “6”, “7” in culture.

Number "5" manifests itself in the historical, cultural and sacred - magical contexts. According to color, symbolic food is divided into five groups: white, red, yellow, green and black. The Hori have 5 species of animal breads: cows, horses, sheep, goats and camels. Animals and humans have five senses: sight, smell, touch, hearing, taste. The world (B11 COMPOSE) of five basic elements: wood, iron (metal), fire, earth, water.

Six in a figurative sense, means the universe: heaven, earth and 4 corners of the earth that surround a man from all sides.

Number "6" is a symbol of all (B12 LIVE) creatures, including humans. There are 6 species of living beings, hell and ban under the ground, animals and people on the ground, asuras and celestials in heaven.

In the folklore of all tribes, the Hori often featured seven figures: - "7 Elders", "70 languages." To enhance the significance of the number 7 it is often (B13 REPLACE) by the number 70 or 77. "Mother Earth" has seventy-seven layers.

In the uliger of the Hori Buryats, "HүheldүүrMergen" refers to the wedding custom of "9 varieties of food and 7 kinds of struggle". Our respondent R. Erdeni explained that there are 7 types of control (B14 EXIST) between (B15 THE PART) of the bride and the groom: "1 - the fight for the bride, 2 - the fight for the cushion, 3 –the battle for the sun, 4 –the battle for the blade, 5 - the struggle for sahimzha, 6 - the fight for the door, 7 - witty debate. In this case, seven (B16 MAGIC) acts in the ancient wedding ceremony are aimed to strengthen the prosperity.

А22 – А28

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Booza

Booza is the (A22) national dish. Minced, (A23) meat is wrapped in the pieces of dough with internal greese. Although the dish is incredibly rich (A24) calories, nobody from the Buryats agrees to replace it (A25) anything else.

Buuza embodies the wisdom of the ancient people. The basic forms buuza, it (A26) the shape of the Yurt. The hearth was located in the circular housing in the center, the smoke (A27) which extends through a hole in the roof. Despite its apparent simplicity, the Yurt is arranged very tricky: in winter it is warm, and cool in summer. The reason for that - good air (A 28). A similar process happens when we cook Booza.

In the world there are many similar recipes for similar dishes and they all have their own names. In Russia it is "posi", in China - "baozi" or "tszyaotszy, in the Caucasus "khinkali", the Turks call this dish "manti", in Tibet and Nepal - "Momo", in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan it is called "pence".

All these dishes are similar, but each one is cooked in its own way, has a unique recipe, taste, and way of cooking, and contains totally different ingredients.

A22 1) most favorite 2) favorite 3) more favorite 4) favoritest

A231) mix 2) have mix 3) will mix 4) mixed

A 24 1) on 2) at 3) up 4) in

A 25 1) in 2) on 3) over 4) for

A 26 1) took 2) take 3) takes 4) taken

A 27 1) from 2) of 3) to 4) with

A 28 1) fortune 2) exchange 3) flight 4) way

По окончании выполнения заданий раздела 3 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ

Reading

B2

B3

А15 – А21

Use of English

Cultural life of Buryatia

Writing and speaking

C1. You have 20 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English- speaking pen-friend George who writes

...At school we are doing projects on famous painters from different countries. Could you tell me about any famous Russian and Buryat painter? What is he or she famous for? How long has he/she been painting? Do you enjoy his/her pictures? Have you ever been to his/her museum or art gallery?

As for my school trip to London’s museums last week, it was really wonderful...

Write a letter to George. Remember the rules of letter writing. Write 100 – 140 words.

In your letter

• tell him about the painter you admire most of all

• ask 3 questions about his trip to London

C2      You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.

Art has lots of different forms. However, its evaluation has become especially problematic since the twentieth century when controversial art forms such as graffiti became popular. Although graffiti is often regarded as a new form of art worthy of display in galleries, its value is still highly contested.  

What is your opinion?  Write 200 – 250 words.

Use the following plan:

-        make an introduction (state the problem)

-        express your personal opinion and give reasons for it

-        give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don’t agree with it

-        draw a conclusion

C3.

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

The sun and the moon are considered as the creators of both people and animals. Sun is an ancient totem of the Mongols, who considered themselves the people of the sun and the moon. The number “nine” is a sacred number. In the historical period we find 9 sulde, 9 species of white food, presented as a sign of acceptance of citizenship. The great banner of Chenghis Khan consisted of 9 parts, the main white - was in the center. The number "nine" in a non-mathematical, and the symbolic meaning embodied in ritual objects. For example, the Hori Buryats isolated 9 species of white food: 3 liquid (milk, ayrag, tarag), 3 soft (cream, butter, salamat), 3 solid (dried curd, cheese, foams).

C4.

Study the photo. You must describe this picture. And now you should find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1.        painter

2.        name of the picture

3.        people, animals

4.        action

5.        landscape

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

C 5.

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

•when you took the photo

 •what is there in the photo

 •what is happening

•why you took the photo

•why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with:

I’ve chosen photo number …

C 6

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos

say, what the pictures have in common

say, in what way the pictures are different

say, what picture do you like, explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Keys

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

B2.  DACFE   B3 BFAEDC

Section 5

B2  DEAFBHG  B3 DFABCG

References

1. Мункожапова Д. Ж. Бурятия: Страновед. тексты по Бурятии на англ. яз. [Для ст. кл. шк. с углубл. изучением англ. яз.]  – Улан-Удэ, «Бэлиг», 2004
2. Электронная книга «Буряад хэлэн», 2010, ООО «Сансар»
3. Галазий Г.И. Байкал в вопросах и ответах – М, Мысль, 1988. Фотоальбом «Байкал» под ред. Добронравова К.О. – М., Мысль, 1971.
4. Гунгаров В.Ш. Отражение мифологических воззрений в легендах и преданиях хори-бурят. /Традиционный фольклор бурят, Улан-Удэ, 1980).
5. Б.Ринчен. Соёмбо – эмблема свободы и независимости монгольского народа. // Из нашего культурного наследия. – Улан-Батор, 1958. – 72с
6. Цыбиков Г. Ц. Буддист-паломник у святынь Тибета. — М.: Ломоносовъ, 2011. — 344 с.
7. Олядыкова Л.Б. Сакральный белый цвет в монгольских и русском языках // Научная мысль Кавказа. Спецвыпуск. – Ростов-на-Дону: Изд-во Сев.-Кавказ. науч. центра высш. школы, 2006. – № 5. – С. 118-124 (0,4 п.л.).
8. http://archive.greenpeace.org/forests/russia/wheritbaikal.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikalhttp://www.zbv-baikal.ru/http://baikalfond.narod.ru/doc/000/001.html
9. http://egov-buryatia.ru/index.php?id=386
10. Source: http://www.calend.ru/holidays/0/0/1010/ © Calend.ru

Contents:

Introduction

Section 1. The country, its landscape and climate

Section 2. The country and its people.

Section 3.   The history and the present of Buryatia.

Section 4.  Information about one of the Buryat tribes: the Hori

Section 5.  Culture of Buryatia.

Keys

References

Photos were taken from the family archive, from the disc of Yaruna library «Еравнинский район».

Учебное издание

Бурятия в формате ЕГЭ

Составитель: Цыбикова С.Ж., к.ф.н., учитель английского языка высшей категории

Корректор – Сымбелова И.А., учитель английского языка высшей категории