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The process of strengthening and extending the life expectancy of metals is called heat treatment. This process can be used for non-ferrous metals like aluminum, brass, bronze and other alloys. It can also be used in manufacturing automobiles and computer parts. It's even used by the military and oil-and gas industries. There are many heat treatments that can be applied to materials. Some are tempered and others are hardened. The ability of a material absorb energy and to deform plastically, without fracture, is known as hardness. Energy per unit volume measures this property. With temperature, the property of hardness rises. Materials that are less dense and more resistant to heat will be harder to shape. There are several different methods of heat treatment, each with its own advantages. The heat treatment process involves cooling and heating to modify the crystal structure of metals. The process can produce a wide variety of benefits, including improved hardness, temperature resistance, ductility, and strength. It is a crucial process in the fabrication of metal parts and components. It is a process that increases the metal's hardness and durability. Heat treatment, however, also aids in the preservation of its shape. It is used for hardening or softening metals, glass and other materials. Common applications include normalizing, annealing, and tempering. The first two are commonly used for changing the properties of metal, but plastics and glass can also undergo this process. This can enhance physical properties, including ductility, wear resistance, tensile strength, and flexibility. When the alloy is subject to heat treatment it is first heated to elevated temperatures, then rapidly cooled. It is crucial to control the temperature and cool rate of the alloy in order to achieve the desired results. Depending on desired properties, the process may be repeated multiple times. When the process completes, the metal should cool down to regain the original properties. Heat treatment alters the microstructure and properties of the metal. You can change the composition of metals by altering the speed of cooling and diffusion within the microstructure. It can affect the strength, durability, and elasticity of metal alloys. You can heat treat an aluminum beam, or a steel bolt to improve their strength. Heat treatment can alter the physical and chemical properties, as well as the manufacturing process. There are four types of heat treatment available: normalizing, tempering and hardening. It is used to strengthen and make the material more resilient to impacts. The process is also used to soften metal. The heat treatment process is a controlled process in which a metal undergoes a process where it is heated to a critical temperature, holds it, and then cools in a medium. Depending on the metal, different types of heat treatment are applied to it. Some of these heat treatment methods include annealing or tempering as well as case hardening. Annealing can be applied to ferrous materials. This involves heating the metal to an exact temperature and cooling it until it produces a more refined microstructure. It also improves the metal's machinability and electrical conductivity.