I.  Match each historical figure to the country that he or she is from.

Use the following symbols

France: A

England: B

Holy Roman Empire: C

1.  Otto I ____

2.  Frederick Barbarossa _____

3.  Alfred the Great_____

4.  Richard I _____

5.  Phillip II ______

6.  Joan of Arc ______

II.  Short Answer

7.  This man, also known as “the Hammer”, defeated the Muslims at the battle of Tours in 732.

8.  This man is the grandson of the man mentioned in question 7, and he conquered a huge empire.

9.  This is the tittle given to the Bishop in Rome, who is the head of the Roman Catholic Church.

10.  What is the term that the Roman Catholic Church gave to noteworthy Christians who had supposedly performed miracles or died a martyr’s death?  (Hint:  Patrick was one, so was Valentine).

11.  What is the name of the Pope who exercised intense authority over both the Church and State?

12.  This was a powerful Germanic tribe, who established many independent kingdoms in Gaul.  They are the ancestors of the French.

13.  This man was known as the “duke of Normandy” and “the Conqueror”.  He was a French duke who believed the throne of England was rightfully his, and so he conquered England in 1066.

14.  This was the system of government prevalent in Western Europe from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries.  The name comes from the word for land grants, known as fiefs, or in Latin feudum.

15.  Name the three kings who took part in the King’s Crusade.

16.  What was the name of the landholding nobles who exercised governing power over those who were in their land?

17.  This 19-year-old girl led France to several victories against England.  She was later captured by the English and burned.

18.  These people were bound to the land on which they were born.  They were not free to leave.  They belonged to whoever owned the land, however unlike slaves they could not be bought or sold.

19.  What is the name for the warriors of the Middle ages?

20.  King John of England was forced to sign this document, which limited how much power the King had.

21.  This terrible disease swept through Europe, killing somewhere between one fourth and one half of the population.

22.  What was the name of the war fought between France and England that lasted for over one hundred years?

23.  Merchants and craftsmen in growing towns banded together to protect their common commercial interests.  They formed organizations whose primary function was to regulate the business activity of a given town.  What were these organizations called?

24.  Christian Kingdoms fought to drive the Muslims out of the Iberian Peninsula (the land where Spain and Portugal are today).  What was this known as?

25.  What year was this completed?

26.  Voltaire once made some observations about a certain country.  He said it was neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire.  What country was he talking about?

III.  Essays

1.  What where the causes of the Crusades?

2.  What were the results of the Crusades?

Extra Credit

1.  What was the name of the King during which Robin Hood’s adventures supposedly took place?

2.  Who translated the Bible into Latin?  (His translation was called the Latin Vulgate).

3.  What happened to those who joined the Children’s Crusade?

4.  What was the Great Schism?

5.  Who was Hugh Capet?