If plural forms exist, please do list in all variants (if substantially different/not -s suffixed)

English

References

Works Cited

Bibliography

Works Consulted

French

Bibliographie

Œuvres citées / Oeuvres citées

Textes cités

Références

In France, we don’t always have a references section at the end of an article, because we use footnotes extensively. They are called by number, and use a system of latin abbreviations: op. cit. (in opere citato), ibid. / Ibid. (ibidem), loc. cit. (in loco citato), sqq. (sequentibusque [sc. paginis]) because once you have mentioned a book by its complete reference, you will use abbreviated references to it.

Spanish

Bibliografía [bibliography]

Citas [quotations]

Citas textuales [quotations]

Notas de pie de página [footnotes]

Obras citadas [works cited]

Obras consultadas [works consulted]

Referencia bibliográfica

Referencias [references^[a]]

German

Reference(s) = Quellenangabe(n)

Bibliography = Literaturverzeichnis or Bibliographie / Bibliografie

Bibliographies = Literaturverzeichnisse (pl.) or Bibliographien / Bibliografien

Literaturangabe

Polish^[b][c] 

Bibliography = Bibliografia or Literatura

References = Źródła

Works Cited = Literatura or Literatura cytowana or Dzieła cytowane

see = zobacz

see also = zobacz również or zob. or por.

Portuguese^[d][e][f]

References = Referências (singular: Referência)

Works Cited = Trabalhos citados (singular: Trabalho citado)

Bibliography = Bibliografia

Works Consulted = Trabalhos consultados (singular: Trabalho consultado)

Footnote = Nota de rodapé (plural: notas de rodapé)

Endnote = Nota final (plural: notas finais)

Finnish

Bibliography = Bibliografia

Works Cited = Lähteet or Lähdeluettelo

References = Viitteet

Footnote = alaviite

Endnote = loppuviite

(by Tiina Käkelä-Puumala)

Japanese

参考文献 means References, but Bibliography is 書誌 or 書誌学 (something like: the science of bibliography, I am not too sure but will ask some friends)

etc.

From Suzy Morgan (bookbindingdictionary.com), a quote from Moth, Alex. Glossary of Library Terms. Boston: Boston Book Co., 1915. (available online: http://books.google.com/books?id=wMAXAAAAMAAJ&oe=UTF-8)

“cross reference. A reference from one heading or entry to another. Sometimes called simply "reference," or, "see" and "see also" references.

Danish: Henvisning;

Dutch: verwijzing;

French: renvoi^[g]; voir, voir aussi, cf., v.

German: Ver- weis;

Italian: richiamo;

Spanish: referencia;

Swedish: hänvisning.”

The following is from here: http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s30/pub/mg1.htm (many other words available here too, such as citation, reference, bibliography, etc).

“ANNOTATION: A note accompanying an entry in a bibliography, reading list, or catalogue intended to describe, explain, or evaluate the publication referred to.

Dutch: annotatie (f); French: annotation (f) or note (f); German: Anmerkung (f) or Kommentar (m); Italian: annotazione (f); Spanish:  anotación (f); Swedish: annotation or  anteckning”