Cool Schools
Teacher’s Handbook
Contents
Mediation Aims 3.
Why teach Peer Mediation to the whole school? 4.
Mediation process 5.
What skills are needed to be a Peer Mediator? 7.
The Four Rules of Mediation 8.
Using ‘I’ statements. 9.
Who are you? 10.
Who are you activity 12.
Scenarios for role play 13.
Making good choices 15.
Let’s start listening, (Active listening skills) 17.
Conflict activity 18.
Bullying or hurtful behaviour 19.
Dealing with feelings 21.
Peaceful conflict resolution quilt 23.
WALT resolve conflict peacefully, (lesson plan) 24.
Dealing with dilemmas 25.
News reports (identifying conflicts worldwide) 26.
Resources. 27.
Various resources covering all areas of Cool Schools and RRAP
The Cool Schools Peer Mediation Aims to:
Why teach Peer Mediation to the whole school?
Introduction and Rules
No interrupting – you’ll each get a turn
No name-calling or putdowns
Be honest
Agree to solve the problem together
What is the Problem?
“You will get your turn and … thanks for your patience.”
facts
Summarising
possible) … Is that correct?” Check that the students agree.
Finding Solutions
Ask person (2) to suggest solutions. For example
What could you do to solve this problem?
What could you do differently next time so that this problem
doesn’t happen again?
What do you need to solve this problem?
add any improvements and/or other suggestions.
Reaching Agreement
agreement to solve their problem.
What skills or attributes do my students need to be a successful Mediator?
Important Attributes | Important Qualities |
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The four rules of Mediation
Using ‘I’ statements
Remember, using an ‘I’ statement means that you can share the way you are feeling when another person does something without ‘pointing the finger’ at them.
Follow this simple process…
Level 1: 1) …“I feel … (how are you feeling?)
2) … when … (say what is happening)
3) … because …” (say why you feel upset or sad)
STOP and wait for an answer.
If you don’t get the answer you want, try level two:
Level 2: Say: “I mean it! Next time I would like you to …”
or: “I mean it! Next time I need you to …”
or: “I mean it! Can I please have …..”
If problem continues, try level three:
Level 3: Go and get help from a mediator or a teacher
Scenarios for role play in the classroom.
Using role play to teach mediation skills is by far the best way to get the students to see a problem developing in a safe environment. Following are some ideas to help introduce the idea that there are different ways to approach problems, disputes or conflict.
Level 1
1) You want to have a turn on the computer, but your friend says, “I’m not finished”. This has happened before.
2) Your younger sister or brother has complained, “Classmates are picking on me”. In the playground at lunchtime, you see three children teasing him/her. You feel furious.
3) Your best friend has just told you she is angry with another friend and doesn’t want you to play with her any more.
4) Someone at school has been telling others that you put your friends down behind their backs. One of your friends comes up to you and says, “Got anything you want to say to my face?”
5) A friend keeps borrowing your things without returning them. When you ask, she just says she forgot.
6) At playtime someone who is in your class keeps calling you rude names.
Level 2
1) Every lunchtime, your class likes to play cricket, but one person gets all the best players who are friends to play on one team, leaving the poorer players in the other. The same team always wins and the game is very unequal. You are getting pretty fed up with this person’s attitude!
2) Sarah and Alison are in the same class and were fighting in the hall at break. Alison says Sarah walked past and pushed her for no reason when she was talking to her friends. She has threatened to ask her friends to “get” Sarah after school. Sarah says Alison and her friends were blocking the way to the stairs and laughing about her hair.
3) John and Tim are arguing about a skateboard. John lent the skateboard to Tim who took it to school although there is a “NO skateboards” rule. He intended to keep it in his locker and use it after school, but he took it out to show some friends. The Principal saw him and confiscated the skateboard. John is mad at him and he doesn’t know what to do.
4) Sally walked past Hine without speaking after school. Hine thought Sally was mad at her and told Colleen that Sally wouldn’t speak to her. Colleen asked Sally why she was being mean to Hine. Sally said she had a fight with her mother that morning and didn’t even see Hine walk past. Now she feels mad at both of them.
5) Ari is new to the school and doesn’t speak English very well. Other students have been making fun of his accent and the kinds of food he eats at lunchtime. Today Stewart said, “Hey, look at Ari’s weird food. Yuck!” Ari pushed Stewart, whose sandwiches fell on the concrete. They had a fight.
Level 3
Brian says, “I’m not on drugs and I can’t believe Shane would think that I was. I had to start taking medication because of my asthma and some kids started saying I was on drugs. I thought Shane was my friend but he just believed what others were saying. That’s why I wanted to fight him.”
Donna says, “I didn’t tell the whole school. I just told Trevor’s friend Kerry because I thought it would be helpful to Sarah if Trevor knew. How was I supposed to know Kerry would tell everybody and Donna would get mad. That’s the last time I try to help someone”.
Making Good Choices.
List Problem |
James and Alex would not let Kane play soccer with them at lunchtime. |
Action | Consequences |
James kicked their ball away. | He got hurt in a fight. He got in trouble with the Principal and his parents. |
Other Choices | Possible Consequences |
He could have played with someone else. | James could have made new friends. These friends may not have played soccer. |
He could have told the duty teacher. | The teacher may have helped James play. The teacher may have said, “Do not tell tales”.
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He could have cried. | They might have let him play. They might have called him a “Cry Baby”. |
He could have got a ball from the sports shed and asked others to play soccer with him. | He could have played soccer. Others would have played with him. |
Making Good Choices
List Problem |
Annabel and Tracey were playing together when Jackie and Susan walked by and called Annabel a name. |
Action | Consequences |
Jackie and Susan were unkind to Annabel. | Annabel became upset. Annabel hit Susan. Annabel shouted a name back at Susan. |
Other Choices | Possible Consequences |
They didn’t say anything to Annabel. | Jackie and Susan could have continued playing together without bothering Annabel. |
Annabel could have told the duty teacher. | The teacher may have helped by asking Jackie and Susan to apologise. The teacher may have said, “Do not tell tales” or “Just don’t listen to them”.
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She could have cried. | They may have said sorry and left her alone. They may have laughed at her and told others. |
Annabel could have asked Jackie and Susan to talk with a Mediator to see if they could solve their issues. | Annabel, Jackie and Susan could continue playing in peace without being unkind to each other. |
Name | Name | Name |
Great | Pretty Good | OK | So so | ||||
How could you apply the ideas in the class contract to situations that may arise at home? Do you think a contract is a useful way of dealing with conflict with your parents or siblings? What would you include in a family contract? | |
What would you do if someone in your class brought in a penknife or another dangerous object? What would you do to protect yourself and your classmates? | |
Think of additional categories of hurtful behaviour that were not discussed in class. How would you handle these situations? Keep a list of ideas to add to your class contract. |
Dealing With Feelings
Objectives:
By the end of this lesson students will be able to:
• Identify a large variety of feelings and have some understanding of each.
• Understand that everyone has feelings.
• Move in the direction of greater self-acceptance.
• Understand that we must choose our actions wisely and with conscience, particularly in the face of anger.
Materials:
• Charts with the following sayings:
Feelings are neither right nor wrong, they just are.
Notice your feelings and choose your actions wisely.
• Large mural paper for a “Feelings Collage”
• Chart paper for brainstorming chart
• Glue, scissors, markers and crayons
• Chalkboard, chalk
NOTE: The day before doing this lesson, students cut out or draw pictures and words that depict feelings. Include pictures of things that bring out certain feelings. (joy, sorrow, dread). These will be used to create a class collage. You can divide this lesson up over two days.
Procedure:
Put the class into small groups asking each to brainstorm as many feelings as they can. Allow students to use the dictionary, thesaurus and the pictures/words they have cut out or drawn.
Each group should compile a list of at least 10 to 15 feelings. Before brainstorming you can do the following brief warm-up:
• You’re going to have a test tomorrow. How do you feel?
• Someone criticizes your clothes in front of the class. How do you feel?
• Your mother says you can stay home from school tomorrow and do anything you want. How do you feel?
• You forgot to bring an important assignment to school. How do you feel?
• You find out you passed a test you thought you had failed. How do you feel?
Allow the class to briefly discuss these feelings.
2. Now have the groups brainstorm more feelings for 5–10 minutes and then share their lists with the class. Record the feelings they come up with on the brainstorming chart.
3. Next have the class glue the pictures/words they have completed onto the large chart paper to create a “Feelings Collage.” Students
can write feeling words all over the chart in different coloured markers.
Peaceful Conflict Resolution. (Quilt)
The lion and the mouse, (Aesop’s fable)
Tell or read the story.
WALT To decide how to resolve conflicts peacefully
We have discussed feelings, think about being angry. Have a short recap on those feelings. We are now going to focus on being calm and how we can solve our problems in a positive way and create a win-win solution. For each question give three solutions:
A solution where only one person is feeling ok (win-lose)
A solution which leaves both people feeling sad and fed up (lose-lose)
One that makes both people feel ok (a win-win solution)
Q.1 You have bought the same shoes as your friend and your friend says that you have copied them. What will you do?
Win lose solution : ..................................................................................................
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Lose lose solution: ..................................................................................................
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Win win solution ..................................................................................................
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Q.2 You and your brother want to watch different programmes on TV. You start to argue. What will you do?
Win lose solution : ..................................................................................................
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Lose lose solution: ..................................................................................................
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Win win solution .................................................................................................
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Q.3 You want to get an x box because lots of your other friends have one but your parent won’t allow you to. What will you do?
Win lose solution : ..................................................................................................
Lose lose solution: ...................................................................................................
Win win solution .....................................................................................................
Dealing with Dilemmas
What are the different ways you could deal with these dilemmas? What choices could you make and what might happen?
You see your friend cheating in a maths test.
1.
2.
Someone is bullying you.
1.
2.
You break one of your mum’s special ornaments at home.
1.
2.
You’ve been invited to two friend’s parties on the same night.
1.
2.
You lose a special present your mum or dad has given you for your birthday.
1.
2.
You are given too much change in a shop.
1.
2.
You find $10 on the pavement.
1.
2.
Someone is saying unkind things about your friend behind their back.
1.
2.
You see a copy of next day’s maths test on the teacher’s desk and you are the only one in the classroom.
1.
2.
News Reports
Students look through newspaper articles and identify the ones that involve conflict or disagreements.
Discuss the possibility of using mediation to resolve the issues.
Who are the disputants? | What is the problem? | How could they solve it? |
Draw the feelings on each face to show how they are feeling.
Chilling!
“How can I chill out when I’m feeling upset?”
Print out or write this idea on card and put it up on the wall. Students to brainstorm all of the ways they are able to calm themselves down.
Design a Cool Schools / Mediation Poster.
Use paints, crayons or inks.
Design a poster on the computer or iPad.
World wide Conflict
Lessons and Activities for Teaching Respect
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Everybody Is Unique: A Lesson in Respect for Others
Objectives
Students will
Keywords
unique, friend, writing, friendship, self-esteem, appreciation, differences
Materials Needed
Lesson Plan
In this lesson, students search for the most positive aspects of some very unusual "people." The activity reinforces the idea that one can't always judge the quality of a person by his or her appearance; sometimes people can be appreciated for their differences.
To begin the lesson, write the word unique on the chalkboard or on a chart. Younger students, especially, will be intrigued by this "unique" word! Ask students what the word means to them. Ask: What is it that makes you unique among your classmates?
Next, draw a simple outline of a person on the board or chart. Draw two horizontal lines across the person's body. One line should divide the person's head (including the neck) and torso (shoulders to waist); the other should divide the torso and leg area (from the waist-down). Talk about one section of the body at a time.
When you are satisfied that students have the three parts of the body sorted out, provide each student with a piece of white drawing paper measuring 2 inches square. Have students write their names on one side of the paper and draw on the other side of the paper the head of a person. Tell students that this should not be somebody they know; this uniqueperson should come from their imaginations. Remind them to think first about the features the persons head will have; they can refer to the list they and their classmates created in the first part of the lesson. They should include as much detail as possible in their drawings.
It is very important that students fill up the entire square with the image of the person's head. Also, remind them their head could use a neck to sit on!
When students finish drawing a unique head, provide them with a sheet of paper that measures 4 inches square. After students write their names on one side of the paper, they should turn the paper over and draw the torso (shoulders to waist) of the person. Before they draw, remind students to imagine the features of the persons torso. How is the body shaped? What clothing is the person wearing? Once again, students should fill the entire space and draw as much detail as possible. Think unique!
When students finish drawing a torso, hand them a third sheet of paper; this time a 3-inch square. Have students write their names on one side of the paper, and draw the bottom part of their person (waist down to the feet). Remind students to fill up the space and include as much detail as possible. Once again, tell them to think unique!
As students finish their final square, have them check to be sure their names are on all three parts; then collect them. You might have students put the heads in one box or folder, the torsos in another, and the legs in a third.
Putting It Together
This part of the lesson might be done the same day or the next day.
Distribute to each student a head, a torso, and a set of legs. Students should not get a body part that they drew. Have students tape together the three body parts to create a totally unique "friend." The new friends will be pretty unusual-looking people, to say the least! But...
Here is the crux of the lesson...
Everybody is different, or unique. What a person looks like on the outside has nothing to do with what is inside! Every person has special talents, special qualities...
After students have had a good laugh about how the three body parts came together to create an unusual-looking person, ask each student to think up a name for his or her new "friend" and to give some thought to some of the characteristics the new friend might have. Ask: What special qualities does this unique person have? What special talents does the person possess? What do you have in common with your new friend? How are you different?
After students have decided what qualities their new friends have, tell them you would like them to write about their new friends. You might ask each student to begin a story with the words: I would like you to meet my new friend, [name goes here].... Then give students the freedom to choose what they will write as they go on to describe exactly what it is they like so much about their new buddies.
When students have finished their stories, invite them to share them with their classmates. You might use this read-aloud session as an opportunity to reinforce the lesson you hope they will take from this activity: What a person looks like on the outside has nothing to do with what that person is like on the inside!
Objectives
Students will
Keywords
Simon Says, tolerance
Lesson Plan
and so on. Choose categories appropriate for your students.
ADDITIONAL LESSON IDEAS
Learning to show RESPECT
There are many ways people show respect to others, and the more aware that students are of what those actions look and sound like, the more likely they are to incorporate those behaviors in their daily lives. Here are 35 activities students can do to learn the meaning and value of respect. There’s one (and a few more) for each day of the month.
Values Lesson plans and activities
Middle Childhood
Students will consider water sources and usage in their school. They will explore water usage and wastage. Reflecting on their findings, students will identify recommendations and alternatives to current practice. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Middle childhood (8–11 years) |
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Students will access the ‘Clean up Australia’ website to gain an understanding of the major sources of litter. With this knowledge, students will investigate the cleanliness of one or two areas of their school and graph their findings. Recommendations about school littering practices can be made. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Middle childhood (8–11 years) |
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Students will identify and recognise attributes that we as a society see as desirable in individuals, such as honesty and integrity. To demonstrate that dishonesty carries consequences, students will use their findings to develop a set of ‘integrity questions’ as the basis for a game of snakes and ladders. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Middle childhood (8–11 years) |
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Australia is populated by a diverse range of people with varied backgrounds and understandings. In order for people to get along in a multicultural society, they may share values including a belief in equality, freedom and respect for one another. Understanding, tolerance and inclusion are also important. Students will explore some of these values through examining and thinking about examples of inclusion, exclusion and segregation in their own lives and in the broader community. Students will play a game and view a film clip on racial segregation in Australia in the 1950s. Students will research the Australian Freedom Rides and reflect on changing attitudes. Students will consider values they admire in another Australian and how they could enact these in their own life. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Middle childhood (8–11 years) |
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Well played! | ||
Students investigate and identify ‘best and fairest’ guidelines in sport, use the guidelines in a game of sport and reflect on the experience.
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Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Middle childhood (8–11 years) |
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Early Years
Students will consider different New Zealand identities and explore what it means to be a New Zealander. Students will reflect on the lives of both famous and personal New Zealand role models and consider the values they demonstrate. Students will then think about how they might be special New Zealanders and set and enact personal goals based on specific values. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (7 years) |
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Students will discuss why people give and receive cards and reflect on how giving and receiving cards makes them feel. Students will design and make their own pop-up card for someone they care about, after considering various design options. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (5-7 years) |
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Students will explore a day in a child’s life in another country, like Japan. Inquiry and discussion are focused on geographical location, comparing similarities and differences and global interconnectedness.
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Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (5-7 years) |
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Let's all celebrate! | ||
Students will enter the realm of interfaith studies by investigating and reflecting on celebrations from two different religions. In particular, special days in the Christian and Islamic traditions are explored. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (5-7 years) |
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Students will explore the connections between the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) environmental message and values through reusing manufactured objects or using found objects as percussion instruments. Students will learn to play percussion together and vary such elements as rhythm, pace, volume and texture. Students will reflect on the application of the 3Rs conservation message in their own lives. Students will experiment with found or reused instruments to make a percussive backing to a 3Rs message. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (5-7 years) |
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This lesson aims to demonstrate how values education can be applied in the primary classroom using a practical demonstration of hand washing. By reflecting on a technique to wash hands efficiently, students will discover that awareness of and responsibility to others are important values that underpin reasons for washing hands. Students will then demonstrate their understanding by designing a class poster to visually represent the consequences of having both dirty hands and clean hands. This will serve as a reminder for students to take responsibility to wash their hands appropriately throughout the day. | ||
Year levels | Explicit values focus | Key Learning Areas |
Early years (5-7 years) |
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Discussion cards