AI Text Generators

Sources to Stimulate Discussion Among Teachers

• Here’s the list (a bit long but organized): https://bit.ly/AITextEdu
• Or, chat with the list: https://bit.ly/AIinEduSources*

Compiled by Anna Mills for the Writing Across the Curriculum Clearinghouse as part of a larger resource collection: AI and Teaching Writing: Starting Points for Inquiry. Licensed CC BY NC 4.0.

Please use the Google Docs commenting feature to suggest additional sources!

*Experimental: “Chat” with this list by asking a question of the AI in Edu Sources bot via the educational nonprofit PlayLab.ai (see the bot’s prompt)^[a]. The bot should recommend and link to the appropriate section of the list as well as recommending three sources that might be relevant. You can also try AI EduGuide (via ChatGPT), or AIinEdu (via Poe.com). Comment here to let us know how it goes!

Contents^[b]

Cautions and Disclaimers

About AI Text Generators/Large Language Models

Implications for Higher Ed Writing Assignments

Audio and Video 

Policy Statements about Text Generators

Student Perspectives and Marketing to Students

Assignments That Incorporate Text Generators

Scholarly Writing on AI in Higher Education 

Slides and Handouts That Can Be Adapted with Attribution

Course Materials Available for Adaptation

Copyrighted Articles and Course Materials on AI

Books on AI in General

Publicly Available Language Models

​​How to Prompt Language Models

Detecting AI-Generated Text

Process Tracking Software to Deter AI Misuse

Using Text Generators for Help Preparing Courses and Assessing Students

Creative Writing and AI

Prominent Pieces That May Include Hype Or Inaccuracy

Organizations

Calls for Papers and Proposals

Other Resource Lists

Materials in Spanish

Cautions and Disclaimers

• This is an open and evolving list put together by a writing teacher who is not an expert in the field, with suggestions from a few other more knowledgeable folks.^[1] I hope it can eventually be replaced by a curated list issued by a larger group of writing teachers affiliated with one or more of our professional organizations. Such a group will no doubt be established soon and tasked with providing guidance on AI text generators.
• Please note that inclusion in this list does not indicate endorsement. Some of these resources include various forms of AI hype or claims that have not been verified. They are provided to give a general sense of the landscape of discourse around the topic.

About AI Text Generators/Large Language Models

See also additional sources, which include earlier articles.

• Talking about Large Language Models by Murray Shanahan, Arxiv preprint, December 7, 2022
• Let Us Show You How GPT Works — Using Jane Austen By Aatish Bhatia, The New York Times,  April 27, 2023
• Language Models: A Guide for the Perplexed by Sofia Serrano, Zander Brumbaugh, and Noah A. Smith
• A Very Gentle Introduction to Large Language Models without the Hype by Mark Reidl
• WTF is AI? By Devin Coldewey, TechCrunch, June 1, 2024
• You Are Not a Parrot And a Chatbot is not a human. And a linguist named Emily M. Bender is very worried what will happen when we forget this. by Elizabeth Weil, New York Magazine, March 1, 2023
• How Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT Work by Joel Gladd, Write What Matters (Idaho State University), 2023
• There Is No Ethical Use of AI by Matthew Cheney, March 24, 2024^[c][d]
• AI isn't useless. But is it worth it? By Molly White, Citation Needed, April 17, 2024
• Principled Artificial Intelligence: Mapping Consensus in Ethical and Rights-based Approaches to Principles for AI, Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society, July 31, 2023
• Real or Fake Text (a game)
• The Imminent Enshittification of the Internet by Gary Marcus, Substack, August 22, 2023.
• Large language models, explained with a minimum of math and jargon by Timothy B Lee And Sean Trott, Understanding AI, July 27, 2023
• 10 Ways GPT-4 Is Impressive but Still Flawed by Cade Metz and Keith Collins, The New York Times, March 14, 2023
• AI writing assistants can cause biased thinking in their users by Elizabeth Rayne, Ars Technica, May 26, 2023
• Chatbots Got Big—and Their Ethical Red Flags Got Bigger by Khari Johnson, Wired, February 15, 2023
• Chatbots May ‘Hallucinate’ More Often Than Many Realize by Cade Metz, The New York Times, November 6, 2023
• Don’t Be Misled by GPT-4’s Gift of Gab by Kelli María Korducki, The Atlantic, March 15, 2023
• 5 Ways ChatGPT Can Improve, Not Replace, Your Writing by David Nield, Wired, July 23, 2023^[e][f]
• AI Platforms like ChatGPT Are Easy to Use but Also Potentially Dangerous by Gary Marcus, Scientific American, December 19, 2022
• Now the Humanities Can Disrupt ‘AI’ by Lauren Goodlad and Samuel Baker, Public Books, February 20, 2023
• Noam Chomsky: The False Promise of ChatGPT, by Noam Chomsky, Ian Roberts and Jeffrey Watumull, The New York Times, March 8, 2023
• What Is ChatGPT Doing … and Why Does It Work? by Stephen Wolfram, February 14, 2023
• The Imminent Danger of A.I. Is One We’re Not Talking About by Ezra Klein, The New York Times, February 26, 2023
• ChatGPT is OpenAI’s latest fix for GPT-3. It’s slick but still spews nonsense by Will Douglas Heaven, MIT Technology Review, November 30, 2022
• Prepare for the Textpocalypse by Matthew Kirschenbaum, The Atlantic, March 8, 2023
• ChatGPT is multilingual but monocultural, and it’s learning your values by Jill Walker Rettberg, December 6, 2022
• ChatGPT in Education: Back to Basics by Leon Furze, January 17, 2023
• How GPT3 Works - Visualizations and Animations by Jay Alammar, July 27, 2020
• ChatGPT: The Machine Will Speak With You Now by John Hermann, Intelligencer, December 3, 2022
• What’s in the Chatterbox? Large Language Models, Why They Matter, and What We Should Do About Them by Johanna Okerlund et al, Ford School of Public Policy, April 2022
• Lauren M. E. Goodlad, Data-Centrism and its Discontents (2021)
• ​​ChatGPT Is a Blurry JPEG of the Web by Ted Chiang, The New Yorker, February 9, 2023
• The New Chat Bots Could Change the World: Can You Trust Them? by Cade Metz, The New York Times, December 10, 2022
• AI, Chatbots & ChatGPT for Teachers, a free course by Dr. Nick Jackson, January 2023
• Decoding the Hype About AI by Julia Angwin, The Markup, January 28, 2023
• Large Language Models like ChatGPT say The Darnedest Things by Ernest Davis and Gary Marcus, Blog@CACM, January 10, 2023
• AI’s Jurassic Park Moment by Gary Marcus, December 10, 2022
• ChatGPT/LLM Errors, a spreadsheet of mistakes in ChatGPT output moderated by Davis, Hendler, Hsu, Leivada, Marcus, and Witbrock (ongoing)
• Now is the Moment for a Systemic Reset of AI and Technology Governance,

Artificial Intelligence & Equality Initiative, Carnegie Council, January 24, 2023

• ChatGPT’s Fluent BS Is Compelling Because Everything Is Fluent BS by Amit Katwala, Wired, December 9, 2022
• ChatGPT and the future of trust by Janet Haven, Nieman Lab, 2023
• How AI-generated text is poisoning the internet by Melissa Heikkilä, Wired, December 20, 2022
• The Internet’s New Favorite AI Proposes Torturing Iranians and Surveilling Mosques by Sam Biddle, The Intercept, December 8, 2022
• ChatGPT, Galactica, and the Progress Trap by Abeba Birhane and Deborah Raji, Wired, December 9, 2022
• ChatGPT Is Dumber than You Think by Ian Bogost, The Atlantic, December 7, 2022
• How to Use ChatGPT and Still Be a Good Person by Brian Chen, The New York Times, December 21, 2022
• Top AI conference bans use of ChatGPT and AI language tools to write academic papers The Verge, January 5, 2023^[g]
• Abstracts written by ChatGPT fool scientists by Holly Else, Nature, January 12, 2023
• Stumbling with their words, some people let AI do the talking by Drew Harwell, Nitasha Tiku and Will Oremus in The Washington Post, December 10, 2022
• AI Reveals the Most Human Parts of Writing by Kary Ilonka Gero, Wired, December 2, 2022
• What Would Plato Say About ChatGPT? by Zeynep Tufekci, The New York Times, Dec. 15, 2022
• Will AI tech like ChatGPT improve inclusion for people with communication disability? by Bronwyn Hemsley, Emma Power, and Fiona Given, The Conversation, January 18, 2023
• A New AI Lexicon: Responses and Challenges to the Critical AI discourse, AINow Institute, (2021)
• Could AI Help You Write Your Next Paper? by Matthew Hutson, Nature, October 31, 2022
• Exclusive: OpenAI Used Kenyan Workers on Less Than $2 Per Hour to Make ChatGPT Less Toxic by Billy Perrigo, Time, January 18, 2023

Additional sources, including earlier articles

Implications for Higher Education

See also additional sources on implications for higher education, including earlier articles

• How Do We Maintain Academic Integrity in the ChatGPT Era? By Tricia Bertram Gallant, Liberal Education, AAC&U, Winter 2024
• A Compassionate Approach to AI in Education by Maha Bali, KnowledgeMaze, April 29, 2024
• Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights for Education by Kathryn Conrad
• Some Ethical Considerations for Teaching and Generative AI in Higher Education by Lydia Wilkes
• How Higher Ed Can Adapt to the Challenges of AI by Joseph Aoun, The Chronicle of Higher Education, July 1, 2024
• Higher Education Generative AI Readiness Assessment, EduCause, April 4, 2024
• Researchers fool university markers with AI-generated exam papers by Richard Adams, The Guardian, June 26, 2024
• Attainment with AI: Making a Real Difference in College Completion with Artificial Intelligence by Complete College America, November 2023
• ChatGPT is at odds with what education is for by Jane Rosensweig, The Boston Globe, May 22, 2024
• The AI Assessment Scale: Version 2 by Leon Furze, December 18, 2023
• Renegade Workgroup: AI and Assessments by Alex Rockey, March 12, 2024
• What's At Stake When We Automate Research Skills by Marc Watkins, May 31, 2024
• Memo to Faculty: AI Is Not Your Friend by Scott Latham, Inside Higher Ed, June 14, 2024
• No, AI Should Not Be a Student’s Co-Pilot by John Warner, Inside Higher Ed, June 13, 2024
• What Can AI Offer Teachers? By Shana Lynch, Stanford HAI, February 9, 2024
• Should Students Stop Using Grammarly? by Jonathan Bailey, Plagiarism Today, December 2023
• GenAI Strategy: Attack Your Assessments by Leon Furze, May 13, 2024
• ChatGPT Has Changed Teaching. Our Readers Tell Us How by  Beth McMurtrie and  Beckie Supiano, The Chronicle of Higher Education, December 11, 2023
• Five AI Research Tools That Referencing Genuine Sources AI can help − and hurt − student creativity by Jennifer Gu, Research Bridge, last modified January 22, 2024
• Writing is a technology that restructures thought — and in an AI age, universities need to teach it more by Joel Heng Hartse and Taylor Morphett, The Conversation, February 26, 2024
• AI, Generative Production, & Accessibility by Melissa Clark
• AI Won’t Replace Writing Instruction by Mandy Olejnik, Inside Higher Ed, December 8, 2023
• Tools vs Agents: The Dehumanizing Threat of Impersonal AI Educators by Marc Watkins, December 16, 2023
• AI in education is a public problem by Ben Williamson, February 22, 2024
• AI can do your homework. Now what? By Joss Fong, Vox.com, December 12, 2023
• Which one is cheating? An ongoing poll by Sasha Sidorkin
• AI Guidance For Schools Toolkit from TeachAI.org
• ChatGPT has entered the classroom: how LLMs could transform education by Andy Extance, Nature, November 15, 2023
• How Community Colleges are Adapting to Generative AI, by The League for Innovation in the Community College
• Katie Conrad and Lauren M. E. Goodlad on “Teaching Tip: Navigating AI in the Classroom” (03/07/2024) – Critical AI
• Should Students Stop Using Grammarly? By Jonathan Bailey, Plagiarism Today, December 14, 2023
• Make a decision on how to approach AI on your module, a decision tree, Imperial College London
• What to do about assessments if we can’t out-design or out-run AI? by Danny Liu and Adam Bridgeman, July 12, 2023
• Cheating Fears Over Chatbots Were Overblown, New Research Suggests by Natasha Singer, The New York Times, December 13, 2023
• ChatGPT has entered the classroom: how LLMs could transform education by Andy Extance, Nature, November 15, 2023
• Generative Artificial Intelligence for Education and Pedagogy, Cornell University, July 18, 2023
• Why You Should Rethink Your Resistance to ChatGPT by Flower Darby, The Chronicle of Higher Education, November 13, 2023
• Surviving the Textpocalypse by Liza Long, 2023 
• What Will Determine AI’s Impact on College Teaching? 5 Signs to Watch by Beth McMurtrie, The Chronicle of Higher Education, September 8, 2023
• GenAI Chatbot Scenarios in Higher Education by Autumm Caines
• Setting Ground Rules Around Original Writing and ChatGPT by Stephen Noonoo, Edutopia, October 6, 2023
• 10 Questions That Educators Should Be Asking About AI by Josh Brake, October 17, 2023
• AI in the Classroom Is a Problem. Professors Are the Solution by Naomi Baron, The Chronicle of Higher Education, October 3, 2023
• Professors have a summer assignment: Prevent ChatGPT chaos in the fall by Pranshu Verma, The Washington Post, August 13, 2023
• Paper exams, chatbot bans: Colleges seek to 'ChatGPT-proof' assignments by Jocelyn Gecker, Associated Press, August 10, 2023
• A Guide: How Professors Can Discourage and Prevent AI Misuse by Graham Clay, AutomatED: Teaching Better with Tech, August 7, 2023
• ChatGPT and Artifical Intelligence in higher education: Quick start guide, and seminar, UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2023
• Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Teaching and Learning, The U.S. Department of Education Office of Educational Technology, May 2023
• Talking about Generative AI: A Guide for Educators by Sidney Dobrin, May 15, 2023, Broadview Press
• Generative Artificial Intelligence: Guidelines for Educators, National Academic Integrity Network of Ireland, July 2023
• Generative AI, plagiarism, and “cheating” by Leon Furze,
• Navigating A World of Generative AI: Suggestions for Educators by Lydia Cao and Chris Dede, The Next Level Lab at Harvard Graduate School of Education, August 2023
• Generative AI as Playable Media by Justin Hodgson, October 15, 2023
• Essential Considerations for Addressing the Possibility of AI-Driven Cheating, Part 1 and Part 2 by Torrey Trust, Faculty Focus, August 2 and 4, 2023
• My assessments next semester, modified for avoiding/embracing AI by Maha Bali, Reflecting Allowed, August 12, 2023
• How to talk to your students about AI by Annette Vee and Tim Laquintano, University of Pittsburgh Writing Institute Workshop on AI and the

Teaching of Writing, June 1, 2023

• Demystifying University of Michigan’s AI Offerings by Autumm Caines, part 1 and part 2
• Scared of AI? Don’t Be, Computer-Science Instructors Say by Maggie Hicks, Inside Higher Ed, August 2, 2023
• Myths, magic, and metaphors: the language of generative AI by Leon Furze, October 18, 2023
• Professors Plan Summer AI Upskilling, With or Without Support by Susan Dagostino, Inside Higher Ed, May 26, 2023
• The AI revolution already transforming education by Madhumita Murgia, The Financial Times, May 20, 2023
• Use of AI Is Seeping Into Academic Journals—and It’s Proving Difficult to Detect by Amanda Hoover, Wired, August 17, 2023
• ​​How professors can use dialogue-based course assessments (opinion) by Graham Clay and Cambriae W. Lee, Inside Higher Ed, August 3, 2023
• How AI Tools Both Help and Hinder Equity in Higher Ed by Susan D’Agostino, Inside Higher Ed, June 5, 2023
• ChatGPT Is a Plagiarism Machine, So Why Do Administrators Have Their Heads in the Sand? by Joseph Keegin, The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 23, 2023
• Integrating Artificial Intelligence: Key Strategies for Higher Education, Minerva Project, June 2023
• ChatGPT? We need to talk about LLMs by Rebecca Sweetman & Yasmine Djerbal, University Affairs, May 25, 2023
• The First Year of AI College Ends in Ruin by Ian Bogost, The Atlantic, May 16, 2023
• What’s a Word Worth in the AI Era? by Kartik Chandra, Inside Higher Ed, June 8, 2023
• ChatGPT is going to change education, not destroy it by Will Douglas Heaven, MIT Technology Review, April 6, 2023
• 6 Tenets of Postplagiarism: Writing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence by Sarah Elaine Eaton, February 25, 2023
• Notes on ChatGPT, Research, and Academic Integrity by Liza Long
• How I approached AI-literacy in the writing classroom by Laura Dumin, Medium.com, May 29, 2023
• Agentic and Equitable Educational Development For a Potential Postplagiarism Era by Maha Bali in ETHE Journal Blog, March 28, 2023
• Believe Your Assignment is AI-Immune? Let's Put it to the Test by Graham Clay, AutomatED, April 3, 2023
• A simple hack to ChatGPT-proof assignments using Google Drive by Dave Sayers, Times Higher Education, May 25, 2023
• ChatGPT Just Got Better. What Does That Mean for Our Writing Assignments? by Anna Mills, The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 23, 2023
• Simulating History with ChatGPT: The Case for LLMs as Hallucination Engines by Benjamin Breen, September 12, 2023
• ChatGPT Is Already Upending Campus Practices: Colleges Are Rushing to Respond by Beth McMurtrie, The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 6, 2023
• Navigating the Era of Outsourcing: Rethinking Higher Education in the Age of GenAI and Contract Cheating by Tricia Bertram Gallant, May 16, 2023
• Generative AI and Assessment from Monash University
• Alarmed by A.I. Chatbots, Universities Start Revamping How They Teach by Kalley Huang, The New York Times, January 16, 2023
• Adapting College Writing for the Age of Large Language Models such as ChatGPT: Some Next Steps for Educators, by Anna Mills and Lauren Goodlad, Critical AI, January 17, 2023
• Will ChatGPT Kill the Student Essay? Universities Aren’t Ready for the Answer by Irina Dumitrescu, The Walrus, March 24, 2023
• AI Bots Can Seem Sentient. Students Need Guardrails. by Susan D’Agostino, Inside Higher Ed, February 22, 2023
• Talking about Generative AI: A Guide for Educators (free book) by Sidney I. Dobrin, Version 1. May 15 2023.
• Teaching Actual Student Writing in an AI World by Kevin Jacob Kelley, Inside Higher Ed, January 19, 2023
• GPT-4’s launch ‘another step change’ for AI and higher education by Tom Williams in Times Higher Ed, March 23, 2023
• Don’t fret about students using ChatGPT to cheat – AI is a bigger threat to educational equality by Collin Bjork, The Conversation, April 5, 2023
• Designing Assignments in the ChatGPT Era by Susan Dagostino, Inside Higher Ed, January 31, 2023
• You’re Not Going to Like How Colleges Respond to ChatGPT by Chris Gilliard and Pete Rorabaugh, Slate.com, February 3, 2023
• Educator FAQ, OpenAI
• Educator Considerations for ChatGPT, OpenAI
• How ChatGPT Will Change Language Teaching, MindBrainEd, ​​Bulletin of the JALT Mind, Brain, and Education SIG, March 1, 2023
• Artificial Intelligence Writing Tools  in Writing Across the Curriculum Settings, a statement from the Association for Writing Across the Curriculum Executive Committee, January 30, 2023
• ChatGPT Advice Academics Can Use Now edited by Susan Dagostino, Inside Higher Ed, January 12, 2023
• AI and the Future of Undergraduate Writing by Beth McMurtrie, The Chronicle of Higher Education, December 13, 2022
• Would Chat GPT3 Get a Wharton MBA?  A Prediction Based on Its Performance in the Operations Management Course by Christian Terwiesch
• ChatGPT for Writing Teachers: A Primer by Mike Edwards, March 2, 2023
• A Guide to Generative AI Tools Use in Higher Education created by CEI, HKUST, ongoing
• The dawn of AI has come, and its implications for education couldn’t be more significant by Vitomir Kovanovic, The Conversation, December 14, 2022
• Don’t Blame Students for Using ChatGPT to Cheat by Jordan Carroll, The Nation, January 20 2023
• ChatGPT consistently fails (most parts of) the assessment tasks I assign my students. Here’s why by Jason Lodge, January 30, 2023
• ChatGPT Arrives in the Academic World by Jennifer Sandlin, BoingBoing, December 19, 2022
• ChatGPT and the rise of AI writers: how should higher education respond? by Nancy Gleason, Times Higher Ed, December 9, 2022
• Teaching: Will ChatGPT Change the Way You Teach? By Beth McMurtrie, The Chronicle of Higher Education Newsletter, January 5, 2023
• Australian universities to return to ‘pen and paper’ exams after students caught using AI to write essays by Caitlin Cassidy, The Guardian, January 9, 2023
• Practical Responses to ChatGPT Montclair State University, January 25, 2023
• AI bot ChatGPT stuns academics with essay-writing skills and usability by Alex Hern, The Guardian, December 4, 2022
• Seeing Past the Dazzle of ChatGPT by Anna Mills, Inside Higher Ed, January 18, 2022
• Cheating with ChatGPT: Can it quote a recent article? by Mark Marino, Medium.com, January 24, 2023
• ChatGPT & Education by Torrey Trust (other formats available as well at https://www.torreytrust.com/design-projects)
• ChatGPT: Understanding the new landscape and short-term solutions by Cynthia Alby (ongoing)
• If we are setting assessments that a robot can complete, what does that say about our assessments? by Daisy Christodoulou, February 6, 2023
• ChatGPT (AI) in Education - an Overview by Brent A. Anders, December 31, 2022
• Against Automated Plagiarism by Iris Van Rooij, December 29, 2022
• AI-Generated Content in the Classroom: Considerations for Course Design by the Center for Integrated Professional Development at Illinois State University, January 2023
• ​​A Toolkit for Addressing AI Plagiarism in the Classroom by Quill.org in cooperation with CommonLit.org, January 25, 2023
• Tools such as ChatGPT threaten transparent science; here are our ground rules for their use, Nature editorial, January 24, 2023
• The Robots Are Coming! The Robots Are Coming! Nah, the Robots are Here by Christine Nowik, December 17, 2022
• Education in the World of ChatGPT: How artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT require a redoubled commitment to strengthening the teacher-student relationship by Josh Brake, December 6, 2022
• ChatGPT killed the classroom star: AI’s rise means it’s time to rethink teaching and testing by Sean McMinn South China Morning Post, January 15, 2023
• A.I. Could Be Great for College Essays by Daniel Lametti, Slate, December 07, 2022
• Why Learn to Write by Chester E. Finn, Jr, December 16, 2022
• My First Chat With the Bot by Brian Strang, Inside Higher Ed, January 12, 2023
• AI Could Be Great for College Essays
• ChatGPT can write your Personal Essay? No problem…mostly by Mark Marino, Medium.com, January 5, 2023
• ChatGPT Can’t Kill Anything Worth Preserving by John Warner, The Biblioracle Recommends, December 11, 2022.
• ‘Full-on robot writing’: the artificial intelligence challenge facing universities by Jeff Sparrow, The Guardian, November 18, 2022
• What Are We Doing About AI Essays? by Miriam Bowers-Abbott, Faculty Focus, January 4, 2023
• ChatGPT and Good Intentions in Higher Ed by Autumn Caines, December 29, 2022
• AI & AI: Exploring the contemporary intersections of artificial intelligence and academic integrity by Rahul Kumar, Michael Mindzak, Sarah Elaine Eaton, and Ryan Morrison (2022)  
• The Sentient Syllabus Project, a public good collaborative that aims to create practical and actionable advice for university educators. Resources include sample text for syllabi, specifically including writing assignments. (Also: newsletters and updates on Substack.)
• AI in education: ChatGPT is just the beginning by Doris Weßels, Margret Mundorf and Nicolaus Wilder, The Decoder, Jan 7, 2023.
• ChatGPT and cheating: 5 ways to change how students are graded by Louis Volante, Christopher DeLuca, and Don Klinger, The Conversation, February 27, 2023
• Robots vs. Humans: Does ChatGPT Pose a Challenge to Second Language Writing? By Claire Frances and Giovanni Zimotti, FLTMag, Jan 17, 2023
• Why All Our Classes Suddenly Become AI Classes by Ethan Mollick and Lilach Mollick, Feb 8, 2023
• The Writing Synth Hypothesis by Simon Buckingham Shum, March 24, 2023

See also additional sources on implications for higher education, including earlier articles

Audio and Video

• Intro to Large Language Models by Andrej Karpathy, November 2023
• Practical AI for Instructors and Students Part 1: Introduction to AI for Teachers and Students by Ethan Mollick and Lillian Mollick, YouTube, July 31, 2023
• Practical AI for Instructors and Students Part 5: AI for Students by Ethan Mollick and Lillian Mollick, YouTube, July 31, 2023
• Resources for Teaching with AI, an MLA professional development webinar, February 2024
• Toward a more critical framework for AI use with Jon Ippolito, Teaching in Higher Ed podcast
• GenAI – Dos and Don’ts for Academic Integrity by Niya Bond and Tricia Bertram Gallant, ONE HE, 2024
• Levelling the Field: Allowing automated language adjustment tools in assessed writing by Kelly Webb-Davies, June 2023
• Renegade Workgroup: AI and Assessments by Alex Rockey, March 12 2024
• ChatGP-why: When, if ever, is synthetic text safe, appropriate, and desirable? with Emily Bender, August 8, 2023
• How To Stop Artificial Intelligence From Marginalizing Communities? Timnit Gebru, TedXCollegePark
• How to Harness Generative AI for Education with Jon Ippolito, University of Maine
• 10 minute chats on Generative AI, Monash University
• AI X Education Conference session recordings, August 5-6, 2023
• AI, Higher Ed, & Some Thoughts for Faculty by Lance Eaton, June 8, 2023
• AI in Education: Unleashing Creativity and Collaboration by Digitally Enhanced Education Webinars, June 15, 2023
• Artificial Intelligence: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, February 26, 2023
• ChatGPT, artificial intelligence and higher education: What do higher education institutions need to know? UNESCO IELC, April 14, 2023
• With modern chatbots, AI weirdness reaches new heights, Marketplace, March 23, 2023
• Why OpenAI’s ChatGPT Is Such A Big Deal CNBC, February 2, 2023
• Should We, and Can We, Put the Brakes on Artificial Intelligence? The New Yorker Radio Hour with David Remnick, June 2, 2023 
• The AI (ChatGPT) future: What do we do now? a TELedvisor network webinar hosted by Colin Simpson and Tim Fawn, February 1, 2023
• Purpose, Transparency, and Assignment Design: Strategies for Teaching with Writing in the Age of AI, Anna Mills, College of Lake County, June 2, 2023
• What to Do About ChatGPT: Next Steps for Educators, a webinar with Anna Mills, January 28, 2023
• ChatGPT and the Future of Writing Instruction a panel from the WriteCenter.org and NWP, January 26, 2023
• ChatGPT & Bing - Overview for Education, March 9, 2023
• Demystifying ID Podcast with Rebecca Hogue: ChatGPT – the potential is as vast as the challenges and concerns – a conversation with Autumm Caines and Lance Eaton
• How to Use ChatGPT to Boost Your Research and Teaching by Abram Anders, February 23, 2023
• ChatGPT can write English essays … quite well. How are teachers going to deal? Marketplace Tech, NPR, December 20, 2022
• Did a Fourth Grader Write This? Or the New Chatbot? By Claire Cain Miller, Adam Playford, Larry Buchanan and Aaron Krolik, The New York Times, December 26, 2022
• AI and the Future of the Essay, a recording of a panel hosted by Thomas Basbøll, December 6, 2022
• The Rise of the Machine: Artificial Intelligence within Higher Education, a video of a panel hosted by the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency of Australia, December 12, 2022
• What might ChatGPT mean for higher education? A panel discussion hosted by Bryan Alexander, December 15, 2022
• Cheating with ChatGPT: Can OpenAI’s Chatbot Pass AP Lit? Wall Street Journal, December 21, 2022
• Computers are getting better at writing, a video from Vox.com, March 2020
• ChatGPT and the Future of Assessment in Higher Education by Matty Wood, January 10, 2023.
• The ChatGPT Report podcast
• AI and Academia: The End of the Essay? by Dr. Dan Lametti, January 31, 2023
• The human cost of ChatGPT, The Take podcast from Aljazeera. February 1, 2023
• Writing as a Process: Reflecting on ChatGPT for Educators, Dayamudra Dennehy and Anna Mills, February 10, 2023
• How I'm fighting bias in algorithms, Ted talk by Joy Buolamwini, MIT (2017)

Policy Statements About Text Generators

• An Introduction to AI Policies for Everyone Starting From Below Level Zero, The MLA-CCCC Task Force on Writing and AI, June 11, 2024
• Generative AI and Policy Development: Guidance from the MLA-CCCC Task Force, April 2024
• Syllabus Statement Generator from Pepperdine University
• Policy and Guidance Resources from TeachAI
• Classroom Policies for AI Generative Tools, curated by Lance Eaton
• Teaching Critical AI Literacy: Advice for the New Semester (Rutgers)
• University Policies on Generative AI, a collection by Tracy Moore
• The Best AI Syllabus Policies I've Seen So Far by Daniel Stanford
• King’s guidance on generative AI for teaching, assessment and feedback
• Examples of possible academic integrity policies that address student use of generative AI tools
• Generative AI Syllabus Language and Considerations lists options and their pros and cons, MSU Denver, May 2023
• College Unbound - AI Generative Tools Policy Development Plan by Lance Eaton
• What’s my stance on genAI in this class? By Forbes, M. & Brandauer J., Gettysburg College Johnson Center for Teaching and Learning
• Proposal of Usage Guidelines for AI Generative Tools at CU by College Unbound students S. Fast, K. Linder-Bey, Veronica Machado, Erica Maddox, Suleima, and Lora Roy with the support of Lance Eaton
• Artificial Intelligence Policy in Secondary Schools by Leon Furze, including a template
• A Note About AI (ChatGPT and Other Tools) by Whitney Gegg-Harrison
• Monash University Policy and Practice Guidance Around Acceptable and Responsible Use of AI Technologies 
• Using Generative AI in Coursework, a student-written policy adopted by Boston University Computing and Data Sciences, March 24, 2023
• Considerations on wording when creating advice or policy on AI use by Michael Webb, February 14, 2023
• Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) 2023 Policy on AI Writing Assistance
• Guidelines for the use of artificial intelligence in university courses by Juan David Gutiérrez, Universidad del Rosario, February 22, 2023
• Engaging with AI in your education and assessment, UCL, February 2023
• Rules for Tools by Christian Spannagel, January 5, 2023
• Joint Statement on Writing and the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence-Based Software Applications, Keuka College Writing Program & Writing Center
• Syllabus Resources from the Sentient Syllabus Project by Boris Steipe
• UCI Division of Teaching & Learning page on ChatGPT, including syllabi suggestions.
• Course Policies related to ChatGPT and other AI Tools by Joel Gladd, January 5, 2023
• Update Your Course Syllabus for ChatGPT by Ryan Watkins, Medium.com, December 18, 2022
• The rise of artificial intelligence software and potential risks for academic integrity: briefing paper for higher education providers. QAA (Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education in the UK), Jan 30, 2023
• AI Syllabus Language Heuristic by Lance Cummings, February 10, 2023
• Coalition of Writing Statement on AI Writing. UCATT, University of Arizona, n.d.
• Teaching in the Context of AI. Centre for Teaching and Learning, University of Alberta, April 23, 2023.
• MLA-CCCC Joint Task Force on Writing and AI Working Paper July, 2023.

Student Perspectives and Marketing to Students

• Student perceptions of generative AI, Jisc report, updated June 7, 2024
• How Well Can GPT-4 Really Write a College Essay? Combining Text Prompt Engineering And Empirical Metric by Abigail Foster, Kenyon College student
• All the unexpected ways ChatGPT is infiltrating students’ lives by Susan Svrluga and Hannah Natanson, The Washington Post, June 1, 2023
• Towards Developing AI Literacy: Three Student Provocations on AI in Higher Education by Mavis Brew, Stephen Taylor, Rachel Lam, Leo Havemann, and Chrissi Nerantzi, Asian Journal of Distance Education, June 14, 2023 
• A Student’s Plea: An Open Letter to Educators About AI by Johnny Chang, Medium.com, May 27, 2023
• I’m a Student. You Have No Idea How Much We’re Using ChatGPT. by Owen Kichizo Terry, The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 12, 2023
• Banning ChatGPT will do more harm than good: A high school senior argues that ChatGPT can help reshape education for the better ​​ by Rohan Mehta, MIT Technology Review, April 14, 2023
• Student-Designed Policy on Use of Generative AI Adopted by Data Sciences Faculty March 24, 2023
• How Do Students Feel About OpenAI’s ChatGPT? The Wall Street Journal, January 2, 2023
• How ChatGPT robs students of motivation to write and think for themselves by Naomi S. Baron, The Conversation, January 19, 2023
• Student Insights: The Search for Creativity: Does artificial intelligence like GPT-3 have what it takes to tell its own stories? by Christopher Tai, 2021
• I Would Have Cheated in College Using ChatGPT by Michael Feldstein, December 16, 2022
• Did ChatGPT Kill School? (a student's perspective) by Alex, February 5, 2023
• Using AI to Write Essays Isn’t Cheating, Student Says by Emily Hayward, Canta., May 2022
• Artificial Intelligence allows me to get straight A’s by Urdagirl69, Reddit, September 23, 2022
• Secrets teachers don’t want you to know about by Isha, TikTok, June 25, 2021, 3.2 million views
• Guys I just found this insane AI software that writes essays for you! It’s super easy to use and 100% plagerism [sic] free!! by DigitalCreatorAvi, TikTok, June 3, 2021
• Is AI Writing Cheating? by Ai.Explain.AI, TikTok, June 11, 2022
• Get AI to Write Your Essays for You by Matt Upham, TikTok, August 21, 2021
• GPT-3: The AI Writing Tool Every Writer Needs: Just one click away and your AI partner will continue writing for you, in your own voice by Sudharshan Ravichandran, June 5, 2021
• How to Summarize An Article in 2 Minutes Using AI by Dave Rogenmoser, CEO of JasperAI

Assignments That Incorporate Text Generators

Reminder: inclusion of links does not indicate endorsement.

• Towards AI Literacy: 101+ Creative and Critical Practices, Perspectives and Purposes, Abegglen, S., Nerantzi, C., Martínez-Arboleda, A., Karatsiori, M., Atenas, J., & Rowell, C. (2024)
• Teaching and Generative AI: Pedagogical Possibilities and Productive Tensions, edited by Beth Buyserie, Ph.D., & Travis N. Thurston, Ph.D., Utah State University, 2024
• TextGenEd: An Introduction to Teaching with Text Generation Technologies, edited by Tim Laquintano, Carly Schnitzler, and Annette Vee, Writing Across the Curriculum Clearinghouse, August, 2023
• Learning with AI, University of Maine’s New Media program and the Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning
• Writing with Artificial Intelligence, a course by Joseph Moxley on Writing Commons including several “creative challenges,” June 2024
• (Re-)Designing Assignments where Students Collaborate with Artificial Intelligence by Sally PW Wu, February 28, 2024.
• ChatGPT Assignments to Use in Your Classroom Today by Kevin Yee, Kirby Whittington et al
• Prior to (or instead of) using ChatGPT with your students by Autumn Caines, January 18, 2023
• 100+ Creative Ideas to Use AI in Education, A collection edited by Chrissi Nerantzi, Antonio M. Arboleda,  Marianna Karatsiori and Sandra Abegglen
• Identity Representation in Diffusion Models, an open-source demo of bias in AI
• AI Assignment Library, University of North Dakota, 2023
• Intentional Pedagogy with AI Technology by Dr. Jenna Morton-Aiken^[h]
• A GPT-4 Capability Forecasting Challenge by Nicholas Carlini
• Pedagogical opportunities of AI and writing: Research rationales and specific applications by Abram Anders, October 4, 2023
• Special Topics in Civic Engagement: Digital Interventions: AI & Education a course by Lance Eaton
• Stanford CRAFT AI Literacy Resources
• Five ways to use Social Annotation with and against ChatGPT by Jeremy Dean (Hypothesis), February 16, 2023
• Teaching AI Ethics by Leon Furze, January 26, 2023, also available on LibreTexts for adaptation and remixing
• Incorporating AI in Teaching: Practical Examples for Busy Instructors by Daniel Stanford, July 12, 2023
• Academic Success Tip: Working Smarter With ChatGPT by Ashley Mowreader, Inside Higher Ed, July 26, 2023
• ChatGPT (AI) in Education - an Overview by Brent A. Anders, December 31, 2022
• The ABCs of ChatGPT for Learning, by Devan Walton, March 17, 2023
• Transform learning with AI by Mike Sharples and Rafael Pérez y Pérez, London School of Economics Blog, September 7, 2022.
• The practical guide to using AI to do stuff: A resource for students in my classes (and other interested people) by Ethan Mollick, January 24, 2023
• How to... use AI to teach some of the hardest skills by Ethan Mollick, December 13, 2023
• The practical guide to using AI to do stuff
• GPT This! a writing assignment in the age of GPT-3 & other Large Language Models by Mark Marino, Medium.com, February 1, 2023
• Exploring AI assisted writing using structured process techniques by Abram Anders, April 21, 2023
• Don’t Ban ChatGPT in Schools. Teach With It. by Kevin Roose, The New York Times, January 12, 2023
• Autoethnography–What Kind of Writer Am I? by Laura Dumin
• #NetNarr: The Human Nature of Writing by Mia Zamora, January 25, 2023
• Many of the articles in the Implications for Higher Ed Writing Assignments section also include ideas on this.
• How to Learn and Teach Economics with Large Language Models, Including GPT by Tyler Cowen and Alexander T. Tabarrok, March 27, 2023. (Currently a pre-print.)
• Using AI to Implement Effective Teaching Strategies in Classrooms: Five Strategies, Including Prompts by Ethan R. Mollick and Lilach Mollick, March 24, 2023. (Currently a pre-print).
• A thought experiment to teach Critical AI Literacy by Anuj Gupta, May 16, 2023.
• Generative AI and Assessment (GAIA) Study: Sample Assessment Library by Ben Lee Taylor, McMaster University (study ongoing)

Scholarly Writing on AI in Higher Education 

• AI-Generated Content: Guidelines, Higher-Order Thinking Skills, And Copyrights by Allen, T., Villaflor-Wilson, R., Muljana, P., & Romero-Hall, E. (2024). Educational Technology Journal, 4(1), 1–5.
• Embracing the future of Artificial Intelligence in the classroom: the relevance of AI literacy, prompt engineering, and critical thinking in modern education by Yoshija Walter, International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2024
• Postplagiarism: transdisciplinary ethics and integrity in the age of artificial intelligence and neurotechnology by Sarah Elaine Eaton, International Journal for Educational Integrity, October 12, 2023
• Beyond the Front Yard: The Dehumanizing Message of Accent-Altering Technology by Ameena L Payne, Tasha Austin, Aris M Clemons, Applied Linguistics, 2024
• When artificial intelligence substitutes humans in higher education: the cost of loneliness, student success, and retention by Joseph Crawford et al, Studies in Higher Education, March 2024
• The affordances and contradictions of AI-generated text for writers of english as a second or foreign language, by Warschauer, Mark et al, Journal of Second Language Writing, November 2023
• Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts by Ethan Mollick and Lilach Mollick, The Wharton School Research Paper, September 2023
• Generative Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Evidence from an Analysis of Institutional Policies and Guidelines, Nora McDonald, Aditya Johri, Areej Ali, Aayushi Hingle, arXiv preprint, January 2024
• Assistant, Parrot, or Colonizing Loudspeaker? ChatGPT Metaphors for Developing Critical AI Literacies by Anuj Gupta, Yasser Atef, Anna Mills, and Maha Bali, Open Praxis, February 02, 2024
• A critical review of GenAI policies in higher education assessment: a call to reconsider the “originality” of students’ work, by Jiahui Luo, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, February 4, 2024 
• Artificial Intelligence And Education: A critical view through the lens of human rights, democracy and the rule of law, Council of Europe, 2022
• Academic writing and ChatGPT: Students transitioning into college in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic by Daniela Fontenelle-Tereshchuk, Discover Education, January 10, 2024
• Generative AI in first-year writing: An early analysis of affordances, limitations, and a framework for the future by Robert E. Cummings a, Stephen M. Monroe b, Marc Watkins, Computers and Composition, March 2024
• Impact of AI assistance on student agency by Ali Darvishi, Hassan Khosravi,  Shazia Sadiq, Dragan Gašević, and George Siemens, Computers & Education: Vol 210, March 2024
• The affordances and contradictions of AI-generated text for writers of english as a second or foreign language, Journal of Second Language Writing, by Mark Warschauer et al, March 2024
• Beware of Botshit: How to Manage the Epistemic Risks of Generative Chatbots by Hannigan et al, Business Horizons, December 28, 2023
• Comparing student and writing instructor perceptions of academic dishonesty when collaborators are artificial intelligence or human, preprint by John R. Gallagher and Kyle Wagner, January 2024
• ​​What is AI Literacy? Competencies and Design Considerations by Duri Long and Brian Magerko
• Composition Studies: Where We Are: AI and Writing (Spring 2023) 
• Role play with large language models by Murray Shanahan, Kyle McDonell & Laria Reynolds, Nature 623, 493–498 (2023).
• Generative AI writing tools: How they work, what they do, and why they matter by Lucinda McKnight and Troy Hicks, What PreK-12 teachers Should Know About Educational Technology in 2023: A Research-to-Practice Anthology
• Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Reading List by Anna Mills, JSTOR Daily, September 8, 2023
• The Affordances and Contradictions of AI-Generated Text for Second Language Writers by Mark Warschauer et al, March 20, 2023
• Can linguists distinguish between ChatGPT/AI and human writing?: A study of research ethics and academic publishing, by J. Elliott Casal and Matt Kessler, Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, December 2023  
• The Social life of AI in Education by Ben Williamson in International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, July 5, 2023
• ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education by ​​Enkelejda Kasneci et al, Learning and Individual Differences, April 2023
• A Framework for Responsible AI Education: A Working Paper, by Caitlin Bentley et al, August 31, 2023
• Generative AI: Implications and Applications for Education by Anastasia Olga Tzirides et al, arXiv, May 22, 2023
• How do we respond to generative AI in education? Open educational practices give us a framework for an ongoing process by Anna Mills, Maha Bali, and Lance Eaton, Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, June 11, 2023
• Rethinking online assessment strategies: Authenticity versus AI chatbot intervention. Ifelebuegu, A. (2023). Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6(2).
• The critique of AI as a foundation for judicious use in higher education. Popenici, S. (2023). Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6(2).
• A critical perspective on generative AI and learning futures. An interview with Stefan Popenici. Popenici, S., Rudolph, J., Tan, S. & Tan, S. (2023). Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6(2).
• The role of ChatGPT in higher education: Benefits, challenges, and future research directions by Tareq Rasul et al, Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 6(1), April 5, 2023.
• GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers by Weixin Liang, Mert Yuksekgonul, Yining Mao, Eric Wu, James Zou, preprint, April 6, 2023
• War of the chatbots: Bard, Bing Chat, ChatGPT, Ernie and beyond. The new AI gold rush and its impact on higher education by Rudolph, J., Tan, S., & Tan, S. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 6(1), April 24, 2023.
• Large language models challenge the future of higher education by Milano, S., McGrane, J.A. & Leonelli, S. Nat Mach Intell (2023).
• ChatGPT in higher education: Considerations for academic integrity and student learning by Miriam Sullivan, Andrew Kelly, and Paul McLaughlan in Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, March 20, 2023
• So what if ChatGPT wrote it? Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy by Dwivedi et al, International Journal of Information Management, March 1, 2023
• Writing Futures: Collaborative, Algorithmic, Autonomous by Ann Hill Duin and Isablel Peterson, Studies in Computational Intelligence, Volume 969, 2021.
• On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots by Emily M. Bender, Timnit Gebru, et al, FAccT '21: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, March 2021. Association for Computing Machinery, doi: 10.1145/3442188.
• Chatting and Cheating. Ensuring Academic Integrity in the Era of Chatgpt by Cotton, Debby, et al. EdArXiv, 10 Jan. 2023.
• Educational Research and Ai-generated Writing: Confronting the Coming Tsunami. by Tate, Tamara P., et al. EdArXiv, January 10, 2023.
• Better by You, better than Me ChatGPT-3 as writing assistance in students’ essays, by Željana Bašić, Ana Banovac, Ivana Kružić, and Ivan Jerković, EdArXiv Preprints, February 9, 2023
• ChatGPT: Bullshit spewer or the end of traditional assessments in higher education? by Jürgen Rudolph, Samson Tan, and Shannon Tan, Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2023. 
• Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education Contexts: A Rapid Scoping Review Protocol by Moya et. al, Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity, VOL. 5 NO. 2 (2023)
• Spinning Language Models: Risks of Propaganda-As-A-Service and Countermeasures by Eugene Bagdasaryan and Vitaly Shmatikov. IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 2022 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2112.05224
• The Hermeneutics of Computer-Generated Texts by Leah Henrickson and Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Configurations: A Journal of Literature, Science, and Technology, Spring 2022
• Computer-Generated Text as a Posthuman Mode of Literature Production by Annika Elstermann, Open Library of Humanities 6(2), 2020
• How Automated Writing Systems Affect the Circulation of Political Information Online by Timothy Laquintano and Annette Vee, Literacy in Composition Studies, 2017.
• Robots Enact Malignant Stereotypes by Andrew Hundt et al., FAccT '22: 2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, June 2022. Association for Computing Machinery, doi:10.1145/3531146.
• Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Writing & Educational Ethics by Sarah Elaine Eaton, Michael Mindzak, and Ryan Morrison, University of Calgary
• CoAuthor: Human-AI Collaborative Writing Dataset by Mina Lee, Percy Liang, and Qian Liang, Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2022
• Writing with Robots and other Curiosities of the Age of Machine Rhetorics by William Hart-Davidson, The Routledge Handbook of Digital Writing and Rhetoric, 10 April, 2018
• Automated Essay Writing: An AIED Opinion by Mike Sharples, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 32, 1119–1126 (2022)
• How to cheat on your final paper: Assigning AI for student writing by Paul Fyfe, AI & Society (2022)
• Truthful QA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoods by Stephanie Lin et al., Association for Computational Linguistics (2022)
• Conceptualizing AI literacy: An exploratory review by Davy Tsz et al Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Volume 2, 2021
• Truthful AI: Developing and Governing AI that Does Not Lie by Owain Evans, et al, arXiv (2021) 
• Gallagher, John. The Ethics of Writing for Algorithmic Audiences, Computers and Composition (2020)
• Speculative Propositions for Digital Writing Under the New Autonomous Model of Literacy by Bradley Robinson, Postdigital Science and Education, 2022
• Assembly Lines: Web Generators as Hypertexts by Elizabeth Losh, HT '07: Proceedings of the eighteenth conference on Hypertext and hypermedia, 2007.
• Amazement and Trepidation: Implications of AI-Based Natural Language Production for the Teaching of Writing by Chris M. Anson and Ingerid Straume, Journal of Academic Writing, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022.
• AI-Based Text Generation and the Social Construction of ‘Fraudulent Authorship’: A Revisitation by Chris M. Anson, Composition Studies, vol. 50, no. 1, 2022.
• Educational Research and AI-Generated Writing: Confronting the Coming Tsunami by Tamara Tate, Shayan Doroudi, Daniel Ritchie, Ying Xu, Mark Warschauer (Preprint)
• Team Roles & Rhetorical Intelligence in Human-Machine Writing by Heidi A. McKee and James E. Porter, 2022 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference, July 2022.
• Ethics for AI Writing: The Importance of Rhetorical Context by Heidi A. McKee and James E. Porter, AIES '20: Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, February 2020. Pages 110–116,
• Can GPT-3 Pass a Writer’s Turing Test? by Katherine Elkins and Jon Chun, Journal of Cultural Analytics, vol 5.2, September 2020.  
• A Computer Wrote this Paper: What ChatGPT Means for Education, Research, and Writing by Lea Bishop, SSRN, January 2023.
• ENAI Recommendations on the ethical use of Artificial Intelligence in Education by Foltynek, T., Bjelobaba, S., Glendinning, I. et al. in Education. International Journal for Educational Integrity 19, 12 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-023-00133-4
• Computing Machinery And Intelligence by A. M. Turing, Mind, October 1950

Slides and Handouts That Can Be Adapted with Attribution

• Guiding Students to Reflect on AI Feedback by Anna Mills, CCCC, April 5, 2024
• AI & Ethics Presentation by Dr. Torrey Trust, February 2024
• Writing and AI OER Presentation by Liza Long
• Teaching Critical AI Literacy by Amanda Leary & Katherine Walden, January 11, 2023
• The Questions to Be AIsking in Education by Lance Eaton, August 21, 2023, with transcript and annotations
• AI Literacy Competency Framework for Educators & L&D Professionals from Paradox Learning
• Robopoetics: AI Prompt Design and Ethics for Design Students and Creative Writers by Anuj Gupta, CC BY NC 4.0
• AI, Digital Literacy, & Ethics: Educators’ Summit, Presentation By Kathryn Conrad and Sean Kamperman, Licensed CC BY NC 2.0
• Purpose, Transparency, and Assignment Design: Strategies for Teaching with Writing in the Age of AI by Anna Mills, CC BY NC 4.0, June 2, 2023
• ChatGPT in the Workplace: Practical Strategies for Faculty, Staff, and Administrators by Anna Mills, CC BY NC 4.0
• Towards Transparency: How Can We Distinguish AI from Human Text Going Forward? by Anna Mills, CC BY NC 4.0
• Rethinking Writing for Assessment in the Era of Artificial Intelligence by Anna Mills, CC BY NC 4.0
• FAQ: ChatGPT in the Classroom by Andrew Maynard, CC NY NC SA 4.0
• The Future's Already Here: AI Generative Tools and Teaching by Lance Eaton, CC BY SA 4.0
• Promoting Critical AI Literacies in Egypt by Maha Bali, March 2023, CC BY NC
• How to Use ChatGPT to Boost Your Research and Teaching by Abram Anders, CC BY NC 4.0
• ChatGPT & Education by Torrey Trust
• How Should Writing Pedagogy Evolve as Text Generators Improve? by Anna Mills, March 17, 2023, CC BY NC 4.0
• Teaching with AI: Using Text Generators in the Classroom by Anna Mills, February 16, 2023, CC BY NC 4.0
• Generative AI and Student Writing by Mike Sharples, February 18, 2023, CC BY NC 4.0
• Unpacking the Caveats of ChatGPT in Education: Addressing Bias, Representation, Authorship, and Plagiarism by Alex Bowers, March 3, 2023, CC BY NC 4.0
• Adapting Your Teaching to ChatGPT & AI Tools handout by Doug Holton, February 7, 2023, licensed CC BY 4.0
• Understanding ChatGPT through Metaphors by Anuj Gupta, May 11, 2023, licensed CC BY 4.0

Course Materials Available for Adaptation

The course materials below have Creative Commons licenses that allow for adaptation with attribution. See the licenses for details.

• Teaching AI Ethics by Leon Furze, also on LibreTexts and Canvas Commons
• Enhancing Your Learning With Artificial Intelligence Tools: Guide for students by Dominik Lukeš
• Integrating AI into Academic Practice: Guide to Reflective Exploration by Dominik Lukeš
• Writing and Artificial Intelligence by Joel Gladd and Liza Long from Write What Matters (Idaho State University), 2023
• The AI Challenge: teaching and learning about, with, and against generative AI (Design Forward, Plymouth State University)
• AI Literacy Canvas Module from Rush University
• Introduction to AI Literacy by Reed Hepler, adapted from the above Rush University resource
• AI in Education Canvas modules, “a resource for students, built by students,” from the University of Sydney
• ​​Student Use Cases for AI by Ethan Mollick and Lillach Mollick
• Some Harm Considerations of LLMs, an interactive infographic
• The Curious Educator’s Guide to AI: Strategies and Exercises for Meaningful Use in Higher Ed by Kyle Mackie and Erin Aspenlieder
• AI and Information Literacy, University of Maryland, is also available for LMS import by request and in Canvas Commons
• Using Generative AI Responsibly for Brainstorming and Refining a Research Question, ACRL Framework for Information Literacy Sandbox
• Digital Skills: Artificial Intelligence, Charles Sturt University Library, 2024
• Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Business Education, McMaster University
• Generative Artificial Intelligence in Teaching and Learning at McMaster University
• Assorted AI Assignments and Readings From Anna Mills on Canvas Commons
• AI for Educators: Education Evolved from Allen Fortune at West Hills Community College
• AI Matters, a free course from The Open University
• Daily-AI workshop, designed by MIT educators
• A People’s Guide to AI by Mimi Onuoha and Mother Cyborg (Diana Nucera), with Open Society Foundation support, 2018
• Artificial Intelligence and Librarianship, 2024

Copyrighted Articles and Course Materials on AI

See also Assignments That Incorporate Text Generators

• What is AI? Everyone thinks they know but no one can agree. And that’s a problem, by Will Douglas Heaven, MIT Technology Review, July 10, 2024
• How AI Works: An entirely non-technical explanation of LLMs By Nir Zicherman, January 29, 2024
• Needed: Ways for Citizens to Sound the Alarm About AI’s Societal Impacts by Karine Gentelet, Issues, January 16, 2024
• AIMyths.org supported by Daniel Leufer's Mozilla Open Web Fellowship
• Generative AI Takes Stereotypes and Bias From Bad to Worse by Leonardo Nicoletti and Dina Bass, Bloomberg Technology, 2023
• How AI chatbots like ChatGPT or Bard work – visual explainer by Seán Clarke, Dan Milmo and Garry Blight, The Guardian, November 1, 2023
• Americans don’t want AI that’s smarter than humans, a new poll reveals by Sigal Samuel, Vox.com, September 19, 2023 
• The Best Memes about AI: Part Deux by Mark McNeilly, July 8, 2024
• Model Spec, a document that specifies desired behavior for OpenAI’s models
• AIPRM’s Ultimate Generative AI Glossary
• How (not) to learn about AI with metaphors: And how to use ChatGPT as a metaphor generation assistant by Dominik Lukeš, August 17, 2023
• Training Generative AI Models on Copyrighted Works Is Fair Use
• Why you should generate AI images in your classroom by Jon Ippolito
• How AI reduces the world to stereotypes by Victoria Turk, Rest of World, October 10, 2023
• New York Times Sues OpenAI and Microsoft Over Use of Copyrighted Work by Michael M. Grynbaum and Ryan Mac, The New York Times, December 27, 2023
• How generative AI is boosting the spread of disinformation and propaganda by Tate Ryan-Mosleyarchive, MIT Technology Review, October 4, 2023
• Can you trust AI? Here’s why you shouldn’t by Bruce Schneier and Nathan Sanders, The Conversation, July 20, 2023
• Behind the AI boom, an army of overseas workers in ‘digital sweatshops’ by Rebecca Tan and Regine Cabato, The Washington Post, August 28, 2023
• Generative AI exists because of the transformer: This Is How It Works, The Financial Times, September 11, 2023
• AI Ethics syllabus by Daniel Estrada, Spring 2023
• America Already Has An AI Underclass by Matteo Wong, The Atlantic, July 26, 2023
• How to Read an AI Image by Eryk Salvaggio, Cybernetic Forests, October 2, 2022
• Generative AI: a problematic illustration of the intersections of racialized gender, race, ethnicity by Dustin Hosseini, Digital Education Practices, August 8, 2023
• The Environmental Impact of ChatGPT: A Call for Sustainable Practices In AI Development, Earth.org, April 28, 2023
• The human decisions that shape generative AI: Who is accountable for what? by Stefan Baack, Mozilla Foundation, August 2, 2023
• Here’s what ChatGPT gets wrong about the S.F. Bay Area — and why it matters by Ryan Serpico, The San Francisco Chronicle, September 4, 2023
• A list of AI-generated Barbies from 'every country' gets blasted on Twitter for blatant racism and endless cultural inaccuracies, by Reena Koh, Business Insider, July 11, 2023
• Opinion: We Must Regulate A.I. Here’s How. by Lina Khan, The New York Times, May 3, 2023
• Confessions of a Viral AI Writer by Vauhini Vara, Wired, September 21, 2023
• Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights: Making Automated Systems Work for the American People, The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, October 2022
• ​​Ground Rules for the Robot Wars: Defining Our Terms by Brenna Clarke Gray, Tru Digital Detox, January 6, 2023
• What Is AI from the Introduction to AI course from the University of Helsinki’s Elements of AI (2018)
• Why an Octopus-like Creature Has Come to Symbolize the State of A.I. by Kevin Roose, The New York Times, May 30, 2023
• These new tools let you see for yourself how biased AI image models are by  Melissa Heikkilä, MIT Technology Review, March 22, 2023
• Ingredients of understanding: Thoughts on how human understanding is different from LLM "understanding" by Dileep George, August 3, 2023
• Opinion: Yuval Harari on Threats to Humanity from A.I. by Yuval Harari, Tristan Harris and Aza Raskin in The New York Times, March 24, 2023
• Ethics for Engineers: Artificial Intelligence from MIT Open Courseware
• AIWeirdness.com by Janelle Shane
• AI Colonialism, a series from MIT Technology Review

Books on AI in General^[i] 

• Cointelligence, Ethan Mollick, 2024
• Teaching with AI: A Practical Guide to a New Era of Human Learning, Jose Antonio Bowen and C. Edward Watson, 2024
• Unmasking AI: My Mission to Protect What Is Human in a World of Machines, Joy Bulolomwini, 2023
• New Laws of Robotics: Defending Human Expertise in the Age of AI (2020) by Frank Pasquale.
• Sasha Costanza-Chock, Design Justice: Community-Led Practices for Building the Worlds that We Need (2020)
• Atlas of AI by Kate Crawford (2021)
• Hallucinate This!: an authoritized autobotography of ChatGPT by Mark Marino, ChatGPT
• Generating Harms: Generative AI’s Impact and Paths Forward by the Electronic Privacy Information Center, May 2023
• You Look Like a Thing and I Love You by Janelle Shane (2019).
• Race after Technology by Ruha Benjamin (2019)
• Algorithms of Oppression by Safiya Umoja Noble (2018).
• Ethical Machines by Reid Blackman (2022).
• Artificial Unintelligence: How Computers Misunderstand the World by Meredith Broussard (2018)
• Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans by Melanie Mitchell (2019)
• Machine Learning: The New AI by Ethem Alpaydin, MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series (2016)
• Artificial Intelligence and Learning Futures. Critical Narratives of Technology and Imagination in Higher Education by Stefan Popenici. Routledge (2023).
• More than a glitch. Confronting race, gender, and ability bias in tech by Meredith Broussard. MIT Press (2023).
• Weapons of Math Destruction. Cathy O’Neil (2016)
• Hello World: How to be Human in the Age of the Machine by Hannah Fry (2018)
• Ghost Work, Mary L. Gray and Siddharth Suri (2019)

Publicly Available Chatbots/AI Text Generators Based on Large Language Models

• ChatGPT from OpenAI or ChatGPTedu
• Gemini from Google (formerly Bard)
• Microsoft Copilot (formerly Bing Chat), powered by GPT-4
• Claude from Anthropic
• Consensus, an academic research tool
• Elicit.org, an AI academic research tool
• Keenious, an AI academic research tool
• ConnectedPapers, an AI academic research tool
• Undermind, an AI scientific research tool
• ResearchRabbit.ai. an AI academic research tool
• Moxie, an “AI-Powered Academic Assistant”
• Rayyan.ai uses AI for “collaborative systematic research reviews”
• Perplexity AI, a question-answering tool that includes linked sources
• Poe.com–a site with access to multiple AI systems, such as OpenAI’s GPT 3.5 and 4, Anthropic’s Claude, Google’s PaLM, and Meta’s Llama
• GMTech, a subscription-based site that lets you compare models
• Lex.page is a word processing app that integrates text generation
• WebSim.ai creates web pages based on a prompt
• Write with AI in Google Docs (Google Workspace Labs beta)
• StabilityLM (an open-source model as described in The Verge)
• ChatSonic, JasperAI, You.com, ShortlyAI, Sudowrite, CopyAI, Ryter, StoryMachines, and ChibiAI are a few of the many writing assistant apps that draw on GPT-3/3.5/4.
• OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, Meta, and other AI companies also offer API access to their models

Custom Chatbots Focused on AI in Education

• Practical AI in Higher Ed by Kyle Mackie

Prompting: Strategies for Getting the Most Out of Language Models 

• Working with AI: Two paths to prompting by Ethan Mollick, November 1, 2023
• AI Literacy and Prompting by Jose Bowen and C. Edward Watson
• LearnPrompting.org
• Generative AI Prompt Literacy course (University of Michigan)
• System Prompt Library (Harvard)
• PerplexityAI as an Inquiry Engine by Stephen Taylor
• 35 Ways Real People Are Using A.I. Right Now by Francesca Paris and Larry Buchanan, The New York Times, April 14, 2023
• Harvard System Prompt Library for educators
• Innovation Through Prompting by Ethan Mollick, April 22, 2024
• A Teacher's Prompt Guide to ChatGPT by Andrew Herft
• ChatGPT for Educators | Prompting 101 by Fabien Maurin
• Sandpit: Testing the capabilities of chaptGPT - reading, precising, reformatting text and refs, tabulation, rubrics and marking by Martin Compton, February 20, 2023
• ChatGPT Cheat Sheet from QuickRef.me
• Prompt Engineering in ChatGPT: A Comprehensive Master Course
• ChatGPT Prompt Engineering for Developers from DeepLearning.ai in collaboration with OpenAI
• Prompts for Education repository
• Stress Testing Writing Assignments: Evaluating the Exposure of an Assignment’s Tasks to AI by Annette Vee and Tim Laquintano, University of Pittsburgh Writing Institute Workshop on AI and the Teaching of Writing, June 1, 2023
• Why There Is No Place for ‘Prompt’ Talk in My Classroom by Jack D, October 15, 2023
• AI Prompt Examples for Educators
• GenAI Chatbot Prompt Library for Educators
• Exploring ChatGPT Prompts as an Emerging Digital Writing Genre by Anuj Gupta, November 14, 2023
• Translinguo: Critically Making Chatbot Prototypes by Learning How to Write Generative AI prompts by Anuj Gupta, January, 2024.
• Using rhetorical strategies to design prompts: a human-in-the-loop approach to make AI useful, by Nupoor Ranade, Marly Saravia, and Aditya Johri, April 01, 2024

Using Text Generators for Help Preparing Courses and Assessing Students

• Artificial Intelligence and Teacher Workload: Can AI Actually Save Educators Time? By Leon Furze, March 21, 2024^[j]
• Using AI to make teaching easier & more impactful by Ethan Mollick, March 17, 2023
• Generative Artificial Intelligence and OER, BCCampus Open Education
• AI for Learning Designers by Phillippa Hardman
• How to Use ChatGPT as an Example Machine by Chris Mah, February 19, 2023
• Will ChatGPT make us better, happier teachers? by Betsy Barre, January 20, 2023^[k]
• ChatGPT for Educators | Prompting 101 by Fabien Maurin
• With ChatGPT, Teachers Can Plan Lessons, Write Emails, and More. What’s the Catch? by Madeline Will, Education Week, January 11, 2023
• Practical Strategies for ChatGPT in education by Leon Furze, January 23, 2023
• Using ChatGPT to design language material and exercises by F. Poole, The FLTMAG (March 2023).
• ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TEACHING. University of Helsinki. April 2023.

Detecting AI-Generated Text

Note that the below tools are known to sometimes flag human-written text as AI and AI text as human written.

• Turnitin’s AI detection
• CheckGPT from PackBack
• GPTZero 
• ZeroGPT
• CopyLeaks
• OpenAI Detector: GPT-2 Output Detector Demo. An older open-source classifier by OpenAI. HuggingFace hosts the demo.
• DetectGPT demo by Eric Mitchell, February 13, 2023
• AIWritingCheck.org from Quill.org (based on the older OpenAI classifier)
• GLTR (glitter) v0.5, Giant Language model Test Room from the MIT-IBM Watson AI lab and Harvard NLP
• Auth+ from Sikanai (uses AI to cross-question students about their submitted work)
• Ghostbuster: Detecting Text Ghostwritten By Large Language Models
• AI, biometric analysis, and emerging cheating detection systems: The engineering of academic integrity? By Jo Ann Oravec, Education Policy Analysis Archives, December 2022
• ESL Bias in AI Detection is an Outdated Narrative by Edward Tian, GPTZero company blog, October 2023
• The AI Detection Arms Race Is On by Christopher Beam, Wired, September 14, 2023
• Why AI detectors think the US Constitution was written by AI by Benj Edwards, Ars Tecnica, July 14, 2023
• AI-text detection tools are really easy to fool by Rhiannon Williams, MIT Technology Review, July 7, 2023
• AI text detectors aren’t working. Is regulation the answer? By Tom Williams,Times Higher Education, August 9, 2023
• Detecting AI may be impossible. That’s a big problem for teachers. by Geoffrey Fowler, The Washington Post, June 2, 2023
• AI Detection Tools Falsely Accuse International Students of Cheating by Tara García Mathewson, The Markup, August 14, 2023
• AI-Detectors Biased Against Non-Native English Writers by Andrew Myers, May 15, 2023
• The Use of AI-Detection Tools in the Assessment of Student Work by Sarah Elaine Eaton May 7, 2023
• Another Side of the A.I. Boom: Detecting What A.I. Makes by Tiffany Hsu and Steven Lee Myers,The New York Times, May 18, 2023 
• Professors are using ChatGPT detector tools to accuse students of cheating. But what if the software is wrong? USA Today, April 12, 2023
• Texas A&M ChatGPT AI Professor Flunks Students Over False Claims Stone, R. (2023, June 5).
• A Plagiarism Detector Will Try to Catch Students Who Cheat With ChatGPT by Eva Surovell, The Chronicle of Higher Education, April 3, 2023
• How ChatGPT Could Embed a ‘Watermark’ in the Text It Generates by Keith Collins in The New York Times, February 17, 2023
• Detecting AI may be impossible. That’s a big problem for teachers. by Geoffrey Fowler,The Washington Post, June 2, 2023
• ​​Against the use of GPTZero and other LLM-detection tools on student writing by Whitney Gegg-Harrison, February 27, 2023
• Why detecting AI-generated text is so difficult (and what to do about it) by Melissa Heikkilä, MIT Technology Review, February 7, 2023
• Human Writer or AI? Scholars Build a Detection Tool by Katherine Miller, Stanford University Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, February 13, 2023
• Nonprofits release free tool to detect AI-written student work Fast Company, January 25, 2023
• AI Writing Detection: A Losing Battle Worth Fighting by Susan Dagostino, Inside Higher Ed, January 20, 2023
• How to detect ChatGPT plagiarism — and why it’s becoming so difficult by Aaron Leong, digitaltrends, January 20, 2023
• CEO of ChatGPT maker responds to schools' plagiarism concerns: 'We adapted to calculators and changed what we tested in math class' by Aaron Mok, Business Insider, January 19, 2023
• Was that essay written by AI? A student made an app that might tell you. by Susan Svrluga, The Washington Post, January 12, 2023
• AI-assisted plagiarism? ChatGPT bot says it has an answer for that by Alex Hern, The Guardian, December 31, 2022
• A College Kid Built an App That Sniffs Out Text Penned by AI by Tony Ho Tran, The Daily Beast, January 4, 2023
• Apparently I Am a Robot by Janelle Shane, December 2, 2022
• How to spot AI-generated text by Melissa Heikkilä, MIT Technology Review, December 19, 2022
• How to Detect OpenAI’s ChatGPT Output by Sung Kim, Geek Culture, December 10, 2022
• Can Anti-Plagiarism Tools Detect When AI Chatbots Write Student Essays? by Daniel Mollenkamp, EdSurge, December 21, 2022
• Two professors who say they caught students cheating on essays with ChatGPT explain why AI plagiarism can be hard to prove by Beatrice Nolan, Business Insider, January 14, 2023
• Northern Kentucky-based company Sikanai creates program that re-envisions plagiarism detection by Haley Parnell, June 13, 2022

Citing and Acknowledging AI-Generated Text

• How to cite ChatGPT by Timothy McAdoo, APA Style, April 7, 2023
• How do I cite generative AI in MLA style by MLA, March 17, 2023^[l]
• How to Cite AI by Graham Clay, July 29, 2024
• Acknowledging and Citing Generative AI in Academic Work by Liza Long
• Acknowledging and Citing Generative AI in Academic Work by Liza Long, Adapted by Anna Mills
• Citing and referencing: Generative AI by Monash University Library
• Acknowledging the use of generative artificial intelligence by Monash University

Process Tracking Software to Deter AI Misuse

Inclusion on the list below does not indicate endorsement. Privacy and data use should be considered before trying these apps.

• Process Feedback Chrome extension
• VisibleAI (FERPA compliant - includes Detection if turned on)
• Antecedent 
• PowerNotes Insight (includes AI access)
• Rumi (FERPA compliant)
• Cadmus.io
• Examined (FERPA compliant, includes AI access)
• Integrito Chrome extension
• Revision History Chrome extension
• Draftback Chrome extension
• Txtreplay
• GPTZero Human Writing Report (includes detection)
• Turnitin’s Originality (includes detection)
• Brisk (includes detection and AI “teaching assistance”)
• Cursive (Moodle LMS integration)

Creative Writing and AI, curated by Mike Sharples

• The Magic in the Machine by Ken Liu, Orion Magazine, June 7, 2023
• ‘Riding a Racehorse Through a Field of Concepts’ What it’s like to write a book with an A.I. by Patrick Coleman in Slate (2020)
• The Great Fiction of AI, The Verge
• Ghosts, The Believer Magazine 
• Nothing Breaks like the AI Heart, The Pudding
• Story Machines: How Computers Have Become Creative Writers, a book by Mike Sharples & Rafael Pérez y Pérez (2022)
• I Forced a Bot to Write This Book: AI meets B.S., by Keaton Patti (2020).
• Machinamenta: The Thousand Year Quest to Build a Creative Machine, a book by Douglas Summers Stay (2011)
• Expressive Processing: Digital Fictions, Computer Games, and Software Studies, a book by Noah Wardrip-Fruin (2009)
• Artificial Intelligence and Literary Creativity: Inside the Mind of BRUTUS, a Storytelling Machine, a book by Selmer Bringsjord & David A. Ferrucci (2000)
• Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace, a book by Janet H. Murray (1997)
• Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature, a book by Espen J. Aarseth (1997)
• The Creative Process: A Computer Model of Storytelling and Creativity, a book by Scott R. Turner (1994)
• Daydreaming in Humans and Machines: A Computer Model of the Stream of Thought, a book by Erik T. Mueller (1990)
• The Literature Machine: Essays, a book by Italo Calvino (1986)

Prominent Pieces That May Include Hype Or Inaccuracy

• Why Do A.I. Chatbots Tell Lies and Act Weird? Look in the Mirror by Cade Metz, The New York Times, February 26, 2023 (side annotations by Anna Mills)
• A Conversation With Bing’s Chatbot Left Me Deeply Unsettled by Kevin Roose, The New York Times, February 16, 2023, with annotations in Hypothesis
• The Brilliance and Weirdness of ChatGPT by Kevin Roose, The New York Times, December 5, 2022
• The College Essay Is Dead: Nobody Is Prepared for How AI Will Transform Academia by Stephen Marche, The Atlantic, December 6, 2022
• We Need to Talk About How Good A.I. Is Getting: We’re in a golden age of progress in artificial intelligence. It’s time to start taking its potential and risks seriously by Kevin Roose, The New York Times, August 24, 2022
• A.I. Is Mastering Language. Should We Trust What It Says? OpenAI’s GPT-3 and other neural nets can now write original prose with mind-boggling fluency — a development that could have profound implications for the future. The New York Times, April 15, 2022
• Emily M. Bender, On NYT Magazine on AI (distinguished University of Washington linguist responds blow-by-blow to the above-mentioned New York Times article).
• The First Year of AI College Ends in Ruin. by Ian Bogost, The Atlantic, May 16, 2023.

Organizations^[m]

• Civics of Technology
• TeachAI.org
• AINow Institute
• Critical AI
• DAIR Institute
• The Algorithmic Justice League
• Stanford HAI: Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence
• Center for Humane Technology

Discussion Groups

• Higher Ed discussions of AI writing (Facebook)
• ChatGPT (Zotero)
• AI & Education Google Group
• Artificial Intelligence in Education LinkedIn Group
• The AI Classroom Facebook Group

Calls for Papers and Proposals

See also past calls for submissions

• Critical Studies of Artificial Intelligence and Education 
• Thresholds in Education (ISSN 0196-9641) CALL FOR PAPERS, Guest Editors: Stephen Monroe & Marc Watkins, due 5/2024

Other Resource Lists

• Generative AI Product Tracker from Ithaka S&R
• Quick Start Guide to AI and Writing from the MLA Joint Task Force on Writing and AI
• Teaching Writing Across the Curriculum with AI by Traci Gardner
• Welcome to the machine: Generative AI & higher education: a guide to resources by Perry Share
• ChatGPT through an Education lens
• Writing with AI: Large Language Models by Jeremy Douglass
• Critical AI Literacy for Educators by Kathryn Conrad and Sean Kamperman
• Reading List from the Stochastic Parrots Day hosted by DAIR Institute
• Critical Lenses on AI by Iris Van Rooij
• AI Learn (Western Academy of Beijing)
• ChatGPT's Impact on Higher Education: Resources compiled by Sarah Hood
• AI & Learning Resources compiled by Lance Eaton
• AI & HE Resources
• University of Calgary Research Guides: Artificial Intelligence 
• Artificial Intelligence Zotero group
• GenAI Resource List
• AI for Educators - a Living, Breathing Resource compiled by Phillippa Hardman
• ChatGPT ResourcesI by Dayamudra Dennehy
• AI Books for Educators by Barbara Anna Zielonka
• #NetNarr Reading Roster by Mia Zamora
• AI Embedding 3D Visualizer tool by Tenserflow (Machine Learning company)

Materials in Spanish

• Adaptando la escritura universitaria a la era de los Grandes Modelos de Lenguaje como ChatGPT: Próximos pasos para educadores by Anna Mills and Lauren Goodlad, translated by Juan David Gutiérrez.
• Política de uso de inteligencia artificial en la asignatura por Juan David Gutiérrez, January 24, 2023
• Descubre el poder de ChatGPT en el aula: 90 plantillas para crear prompts efectivos para la enseñanza, February 20, 2023.
• Aprendizaje en tiempos de ChatGPT por Miguel Morales-Chan, March 8, 2023
• Transformando la Educación con Inteligencia Artificial:¿Cómo utilizar  Chat GPT en el aula? por Miguel Morales-Chan, February 8, 2023
• ChatGPT en la educación por Miguel Morales-Chan & Flor Sagastume, February 8, 2023.
• ChatGPT. Retos y oportunidades para el aprendizaje de lenguas (presentation). Fuentes para la presentación ChatGPT. Retos y oportunidades para el aprendizaje de lenguas. February 22, 2023.
• Lopezosa C, Codina L. ChatGPT y software CAQDAS para el análisis cualitativo de entrevistas: pasos para combinar la inteligencia artificial de OpenAI con ATLAS.ti, Nvivo y MAXQDA. Barcelona: Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Departament de Comunicació, 2023. 94 p. (Serie Editorial DigiDoc. DigiDoc Reports)
• ¿Qué hacemos con ChatGPT en el aula: ¿prohibir, contrarrestar o incorporarlo críticamente? por Carlos de Aldama, The Conversation, January 23, 2023
• Un año de ChatGPT: ¿se han cumplido los pronósticos? por Carlos de Aldama, The Conversation, January 1, 2024
• Listado definitivo de herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial, por danielb, Recursos y Formación, February 24, 2023
• Explorando el potencial de Chat GPT: Una clasificación de Prompts efectivos para la enseñanza por Miguel Morales-Chan, February 20, 2023
• Reimaginemos la educación por Miguel Morales-Chan, March 8, 2023
• Curso virtual gratuito en edX: Transformando la educación con IA: Chat GPT por Miguel Morales-Chan, March 27, 2023.
• 25 formas de utilizar ChatGPT en el aula, March 27, 2023.
• Herramientas de IA generativas para potenciar la educación, March 27, 2023.

Annotation: Let’s share ideas on these readings! Comment in the margins of any online article with public Hypothesis annotations. Tag your comments and view others’ comments with the tags ChatGPTedu and AItextedu.

Compiled by Anna Mills for the Writing Across the Curriculum Clearinghouse as part of a larger resource collection: AI and Teaching Writing: Starting Points for Inquiry. Licensed CC BY NC 4.0. Consider donating to make this work sustainable through Patreon or PayPal.