Biochemistry
Lesson 1.2
Elements and Macromolecules
1.2a. Introduction to Macromolecules
1. Please begin the macromolecule webquest.
(Note: This webquest requires Flash. It will not run without special software on an iPad. For a version of this assignment that will work on an iPad, try this alternate macromolecule webquest.)
2. Please read the information under the “introduction” tab.
3. What are the four major types of macromolecules?
a. _____________________ (monomers are amino acids)
b. _____________________ (monomers are sugars)
c. _____________________ (monomers are nucleotides)
d. _____________________ (diverse; triglycerides made of three fatty acids and one glycerol)
4. Please click on the tab at the top labeled “Animation.”
5. Please click on the box with the words “STEP-THROUGH.”
6. Please click on “CARBOHYDRATES.”
7. You should now be on page 1/6. “Glucose is a hexose, a sugar composed of ____ carbon atoms, usually found in ring form. A starch macromolecule is a polysaccharide composed of thousands of ____________ units.”
8. Please draw a simple sketch of glucose (monosaccharide):
9. Please draw a simple sketch of starch (polysaccharide):
10. Please click the right arrow and read pages 2-3. You should now be on page 4/6. “Amylose, or ______________ starch, is not highly branched.”
11. Please click on the right arrow. You should now be on page 5/6. “Glycogen, by comparison, is highly branched. This polysaccharide is stored in animal ___________ and ____________ .”
12. Please click on the right arrow. You should now be on page 6/6. “Polysaccharides are forms of stored _________________ that can be easily hydrolyzed to yield glucose. Glucose can then be further broken down to release energy that is used in cellular activity.”
13. Please click on “options.”
14. Please click on the box with the words “STEP-THROUGH.”
15. Please click on “PROTEINS.”
16. You should now be on page 1/6. “Proteins are chains of ___________ ____________ linked by peptide bonds. The ________ different amino acids used to make all proteins differ only in their side chains, and the properties of these side chains account for the great diversity of protein structure and function.”
17. Please draw a simple sketch of two amino acids.
-Amino acid 1 name: ________________________
-Sketch:
-Amino acid 2 name: ________________________
-Sketch:
18. Please click the right arrow and read pages 2-3. You should now be on page 3/6. “________________ is the most abundant mammalian protein. It is the main component of _____________, ______________, and ____________________.”
19. Please click the right arrow and read pages 4-6.
20. Please click on “options.”
21. Please click on the box with the words “STEP-THROUGH.”
22. Please click on “LIPIDS.”
23. You should now be on page 1/7. “A triglyceride is composed of ____________ fatty acid molecules and ___________ glycerol molecule.”
24. Please click the right arrow. You should now be on page 2/7. Please read page 2, and draw a simple sketch of a triglyceride:
25. Please click on the right arrow. Please read pages 3-7. Please write a brief description of two oils.
-Oil 1 name: ________________________
-Description (please include the name of the acid found in the oil):
-Oil 2 name: ________________________
-Description (please include the name of the acid found in the oil):
26. Please click on “options.”
27. Please click on the box with the words “STEP-THROUGH.”
28. Please click on “NUCLEIC ACIDS.”
29. You should now be on page 1/6. “___________ and __________ are nucleic acids (polymers of ________________).
30. Please click on the right arrow. Please read page 2.
-In DNA, the base cytosine (C) pairs with _________________ (G).
-In DNA, the base adenine (A) pairs with __________________ (T).
31. Please click on the right arrow. Please read pages 3-6. Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of the following three parts:
-pentose ______________
-nitrogen-containing _________________(adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine; in RNA thymine is replaced by __________)
-_____________ group
-In DNA, the base cytosine (C) pairs with _________________ (G).
-In DNA, the base adenine (A) pairs with __________________ (T).
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