CHUYÊN ĐỀ 14 - MẠO TỪ.docx

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 14: MẠO TỪ

A. RULES OF ARTICLES

MẠO TỪ	CÁCH DÙNG
A/AN	■ Dùng trước những danh từ số ít đếm được, khi nó được nhắc tới lần đầu tiên. Trong đó: ☞ a dùng trước những danh từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm. ☞ an dùng trước những danh từ bắt đầu bằng một nguyên âm.
	■ Dùng trước những danh từ khi nó mang ý nghĩa là “một".
	■ Dùng trước những danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp.
	■ Dùng trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng.
	■ Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ trong cách sử dụng a/an: - a uniform (một bộ đồng phục) - a university (một trường đại học) - an hour (một giờ) - an honest man (một người đàn ông thật thà) - a one-eyed man (một người đàn ông mắt chột) - a one-way road (đường một chiều) - a useful way (một cách hữu ích) - an SOS (một tín hiệu cấp cứu) - a union (một liên minh, một đồng minh) - a unit (một đơn vị) - a European (một người châu Âu) - an M.A (một cử nhân) - an honorable man (một người đáng kính)
THE	■ Dùng trước những danh từ khi được nhắc tới từ lần thứ hai trở đi.
	■ Dùng trước những danh từ khi chúng được xác định bằng một mệnh đề/mệnh đề quan hệ ở phía sau.
	■ Dùng trước những danh từ là duy nhất, độc nhất.
	■ Dùng trước số thứ tự.
	■ Dùng trước tính từ để tạo thành danh từ chỉ người ở dạng số nhiều.
	■ Dùng trước tên của các quốc gia tận cùng bằng -s và một số quốc gia số ít.
	■ Dùng trước tên của các loại nhạc cụ, nhưng phải đứng sau động từ “play”.
	■ Dùng trước tên của các địa điểm công cộng.
	■ Dùng trước danh từ chỉ tên riêng ở dạng số nhiều để chỉ cả gia đình nhà họ.
	■ Dùng trước tính từ so sánh hơn nhất và so sánh kép.
	■ Dùng trước tên của sông, suối, biển, đại dương, sa mạc, dãy núi...
	■ Dùng trước những danh từ mà cả người nói và người nghe đều biết rõ về nó.
	■ Dùng trước các buổi trong ngày.
	■ Dùng trước tên của các tờ báo.
	■ Dùng trước tên của các tổ chức.
	■ Dùng trước danh từ số ít tượng trưng cho một nhóm động vật, một loài hoặc đồ vật.
	■ Dùng trước danh từ chỉ phương hướng.
	■ Dùng đứng trước danh từ + of + danh từ.
	■ Dùng trong một số cụm từ cố định.
	■ Dùng trước hospital/church/school/prison khi nó mang ý nghĩa khác.
KHÔNG DÙNG MẠO TỪ	■ Trước tên của các môn học.
	■ Trước tên của các môn thể thao.
	■ Trước danh từ số nhiều không xác định.
	■ Trước danh từ không đếm được.
	■ Trước tên của các phương tiện giao thông, nhưng phải đứng sau giới từ "by".
	■ Trước danh từ chỉ màu sắc.
	■ Sau tính từ sở hữu hoặc sau danh từ ở sở hữu cách.
	■ Trước tên của các bữa ăn.
	■ Trước thứ, ngày, tháng, năm, mùa (nếu không xác định).
	■ Trước tên quốc gia (trừ các quốc gia đã được liệt kê ở mục 2), tên châu lục, tên núi, tên hồ, tên đường.
	■ Trước danh từ trừu tượng.

B. PRACTICE EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: I have bought______new shirt which matches______jacket I bought last week.

A. some/a B. the/a C. a/the D. some/the

Question 2: Could you lend me some more? I’ve spent______money you gave me yesterday.

A. Ø B. the C. a D. an

Question 3: The principle river in Wales is______Severn, which flows from the

slopes of Plynlimon to______English border.

A. Ø / Ø B. the/the C. a/the D. the/a

Question 4: Until recently______economy of______southern United States was based on______cotton.

A. an/the/ Ø B. the/ Ø/Ø C. the/the/the D. the/the/ Ø

Question 5: I still keep wondering if I was doing______right thing when______I asked my father for______permission to leave school.

A. a/ Ø B. the/ Ø C. Ø D. Ø/a

Question 6: We needed______house to live in when we were in London.

A. a B. the C. any D. Ø

Question 7: You are______only person whose opinion is of any value to me in______present regrettable circumstances.

A. the/Ø B. the/the C. the/a D. Ø/the

Question 8: The boy told me he hated______doctors.

A. the B. some C. Ø D. a

Question 9: He had______laughing eyes and______most charming mouth.

A. the/the B. a/a C. Ø/a D. Ø/the

Question 10: My brother hopes to travel around the world______next summer.

A. a B. an C. the D. Ø (no article)

Question 11: Richard Byrd was______first person in history to fly over______ North Pole.

A. the - a B. the - Ø C. the - the D. Ø - Ø

Question 12: ______university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees.

A. A B. An C. The D. Some

Question 13: In most______developed countries, up to 50 % of______population enters higher education at some time in their lives.

A. the / Ø B. Ø / Ø C. the / the D. Ø / the

Question 14: Reports are coming in of a major oil spill in______Mediterranean.

A. an B. Ø C. the D. a

Question 15: ______ non-verbal language is ______ important aspect of interpersonal communication.

A. The - a B. Ø - an C. A - the D. The - Ø

Question 16: Is it acceptable to touch______person on______shoulder in a conversation?

A. a - the B. the - a C. the - the D. a - a

Question 17: The excursion is______unique opportunity to discover______wild in its natural beauty.

A. an - Ø B. a - the C. the - the D. an - the

Question 18:______colleges and universities are the main institutions that provide______tertiary education.

A. Ø - Ø B. The - Ø C. The - the D. Ø - the

Question 19: I have left my book in______kitchen and I would like you to get it for me.

A. the B. a C. Ø D. an

Question 20: Of all the world’s major oceans,______Arctic Ocean is the shallowest.

A. an B. the C. a D. Ø

Question 21: My uncle’s company made a very good profit in______1990s.

A. the B. Ø C. a D. an

Question 22: Park Hang-seo, who is the head coach of______Vietnam national football team, is a new idol of many people.

A. Ø B. a C. the D. an

Question 23: Africa has always had a large migratory population because of war and______famine.

A. a B. an C. the D. Ø

Question 24: My neighbor is______photographer. Let’s ask him for______advice about color film.

A. a - the B. the - an C. a - Ø D. the - the

Question 25: The man grew up in______orphanage in______United Kingdom.

A. the/ an B. an/ the C. an/ an D. the/ Ø

Question 26: Housewives find it easier to do domestic chores thanks to______invention of labour-saving devices.

A. an B. some C. the D. a

Question 27: Apparently,______science, mathematics, and technology are defined as much by what they do and how they do it as they are by______results they achieve.

A. the / the B. Ø / the C. Ø / Ø D. the / Ø

Question 28: More and more investors are pouring______money into food and beverage start-ups.

A. the B. a C. an D. Ø

Question 29: ______ man suffering from ______ shock should not be given anything to drink.

A. A/the B. The/ a C. Ø/ a D. A/ Ø

Question 30: I won’t be home for______dinner this evening. I’m meeting some friends after______work and we’re going to______cinema.

A. Ø/the/Ø B. The/Ø/Ø C. Ø/Ø/the D. Ø/the/the

Question 31: “Did you have______nice holiday?” - “Yes, it was______best holiday I have ever had.”

A. a - the B. the - the C. the - a D. a - a

Question 32: A worrying conclusion in the study called “Heat and Learning” is that______global warming may affect the future income of______students around the world.

A. the/ the B. Ø/ the C. a/ many D. Ø/ Ø

Question 33: The escaping prisoner camped in______woods but he didn’t light______fire because______smoke rising from the wood might attract______attention.

A. the/a/ Ø /Ø B. a/the/the/Ø C. the/a/ Ø/the D. a/a/ Ø/Ø

Question 34: My brother has been playing______piano since he was a small child.

A. the B. a C. no article D. an

Question 35: Donald Trump is______president of______United States.

A. the/the B. a/Ø C. the/an D. the/Ø

Question 36: Our planned visit to______United Kingdom fell through because we were unable to get the visas.

A. a B. an C. the D. no article

Question 37: According to______National Weather Service,______cyclones are ______areas of circulating winds that rotate counterclockwise in ______Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in______Southern Hemisphere

A. Ø/Ø/the/the/the B. the/Ø/Ø /the/the C. the/Ø/the/Ø/Ø D. the/Ø/Ø/an/the

Question 38: Bodies of______dead in the tragic accident yesterday were taken away.

A. the B. a C. an D. Ø

Question 39: ______ Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a country with a great patriotism through its history.

A. The B. A C. An D. Ø

Question 40: My parents hope to travel around______world next summer.

A. a B. an C. the D. Ø

Question 41: A recent survey has shown that______increasing number of men are willing to share the housework with their wives.

A. a B. an C. the D. some

Question 42: First our team should identify______specific need in the community and then carry out a project to address that need.

A. an B. Ø C. a D. the

Question 43: Domestic appliances like washing machines and dishwashers have made ______life much easier.

A. the B. a C. Ø D. An

Question 44: We moved to the countryside because we wanted to be close to______nature.

A. a B. the C. an D. Ø

Question 45: She was drinking______glass of orange juice.

A. a B. the C. Ø D. an

Question 46: Mrs Florida felt that her marriage had become______prison.

A. a B. the C. Ø D. an

Question 47: Laura is______most intelligent girl I’ve ever known

A. an B. Ø C. a D. the

Question 48:______residents of the village are living a happy life although they lack______modem facilities.

A. Ø/ Ø B. Ø/the C. the/the D. the/Ø

Question 49: Tom sat down on______edge of a log and looked at______glassy surface of the lake.

A. a/a B. the/the C. Ø/the D. the/ Ø

Question 50:______deposit of 5 pounds is payable by anyone who wishes to become______reader of the library.

A. A/a B. The/the C. The/Ø D. The/a

Exercise 2.1: Fill in the blanks with a(n), the. Put on X where none is required.

Question 1: The scientists are working on______drug capable of arresting the spread of cancerous cells.

Question 2: In that mood I was unsuitable for attending______parents’ meeting at the school.

Question 3: It’s time he acted like______responsible adult and stopped blaming others for his wrongdoings.

Question 4: I liked reading in______garden, which was several steps below the level of the yard.

Question 5: Jason’s father bought him______bike that he wanted for his birthday.

Question 6:______Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from______France to______United states.

Question 7: Rita is studying______English and______Math this semester.

Question 8: Do you know______man who is waiting for the bus over there?

Question 9: Please give me______cup of______coffee with ______ cream and______sugar.

Question 10:______big books which are on______table are for my history class.

Question 11: My______car is four years old, but it still runs well.

Question 12: There are only______few seats for______tonight’s musical.

Question 13:______chair that you are sitting in is broken.

Question 14:______Civil War was fought in______United States between 1861 and 1865.

Question 15: We went by______train to the west of England.

Question 16:______people who live in______Scotland are called the Scots.

Question 17: This house is very nice. Has it got______garden?

Question 18: There isn’t______airport near where I live.______nearest airport is 70 miles away.

Question 19: Did you have______nice holiday? Yes, it was______best holiday I’ve ever had.

Question 20: Mai always plays______piano whenever she has free time.

Question 21: My daughter was bom on______fifth of January.

Question 22: Yesterday I went to______school by______bus because my bike had been broken down.

Question 23: It takes me______hour to finish my work.

Question 24: She used to have______cat and______dog but______dog died.

Question 25: English is spoken all over______world.

Question 26:______deaf are unable to hear anything.

Question 27: I like studying______math best.

Question 28: People all over the world like______football.

Question 29:______tea is produced in Thai Nguyen.

Question 30: I wish today were on______Sunday.

Question 31: I often have______breakfast at 6:00pm and______lunch at 11:00 pm.

Question 32: She gave me______apple and gave Lan 2______apples.

Question 33:______Smiths are going to Ha Long bay next summer.

Question 34: If I won the lottery, first I would buy______piece of land in the country.

Question 35: This morning I bought a newspaper and ______ magazine.______newspaper is in my bag but I don’t know where I put______magazine.

Question 36: I saw ______accident this morning. ______car crashed into______tree.______driver of ______ car wasn’t hurt but______car was badly damaged.

Question 37: Maria comes from______United States. She is______American girl.

Question 38: The boy said: “______moon is bigger than______earth.”

Question 39: I bought______car last week.______car is over there.

Question 40: I need______few apples but______lot of sugar.

Question 41: Where is______nearest shop? There is one at______end of this street.

Question 42: My friends live in______old house in______small village. There is______beautiful garden behind______house. I would like to have______garden like that.

Question 43: The office walls and furniture are______uniform grey.

Question 44: John and Mary went to______school yesterday and then studied in______library before returning home.

Question 45: On our trip to______Spain, we crossed______Atlantic Ocean.

Question 46: Rita plays______violin and her sister plays______guitar.

Question 47: David played______basketball and______baseball at______Boy’s club this year.

Question 48: The political science class is taking______trip to______France in______Spring.

Question 49: Last night there was______bird singing outside my house.

Question 50: He is______honest person.

Exercise 2.2: Fill in the blanks with a(n), the. Put on X where none is required.

Question 1:______photographs show him wearing______T-shirt and ripped jeans that were ______ student's uniform of______time.

Question 2: He is______one-eyed man.

Question 3: There is______useful method of learning English.

Question 4: I've got______uncle.

Question 5: Your shoes are under______bed.

Question 6: There is a strike at______hospital.

Question 7: There is______onion left in the fridge.

Question 8: There is a splendid view of______Lake Geneva from his hotel.

Question 9: She is______nurse, so her work is to take care of______sick.

Question 10:______summer is______warmest season but______summer of 1971 was unusually cool.

Question 11: He began to hum______song. It was______old popular song.

Question 12:______deaf are______people who can’t hear anything.

Question 13: My hometown is on the bank of______Red river.

Question 14: Tung's father bought him______bicycle that he had wanted for his birthday.

Question 15: My mother goes to church in______morning.

Question 16: I eat______banana every day.

Question 17: Harry is a sailor. He spends most of his life at______sea.

Question 18: ______young man listened to______conservation with______ amused smile.

Question 19: He tried to park his car but______space wasn’t big enough.

Question 20: We had______dinner in a restaurant.

Question 21: We had______meal in a restaurant.

Question 22:______rose is my favorite color.

Question 23: He heard______popular song played by______dance band on______radio.

Question 24:______fact that he would have independent means made her feel relieved.

Question 25: Mary loves______flowers.

Question 26: Jill went to______hospital to see her friend.

Question 27: Mrs Lan went to______school to meet her son’s daughter.

Question 28: Carol went to______prison to meet her brother.

Question 29:______questions Ann asked always seemed to be______questioned to which Paul knew the answers.

Question 30: She works six days______week.

Question 31:______sun is a star.

Question 32: What did you have for______breakfast this morning.

Question 33: London is______capital of England.

Question 34: When was______telephone invented?

Question 35: What he said reminded me of______film I had seen.

Question 36: We haven’t been to______cinema for years.

Question 37: Do you need______umbrella?

Question 38:______injured man was taken to______hospital.

Question 39: She went out without______money.

Question 40: Tosi speaks______Japanese at home.

Question 41: A man and a woman were standing outside my house.______Man looked English but I think ______ woman was a foreigner.

Question 42: The Soviet Union was______first country to send a man into______space.

Question 43: Did you watch “Titanic” on______television or at______cinema?

Question 44: After______lunch, we went for a walk by______sea.

Question 45: Peru is______country in South America.______capital is Lima.

Question 46: It was a beautiful day.______sun shone brightly in______sky.

Question 47: It is said that Robin Hood robbed______rich and gave the money to______poor.

Question 48: Life is not so easy for______unemployed.

Question 49: On our trip to Spain, we crossed______Atlantic Ocean.

Question 50: Mel’s mother is in______hospital, so we went to visit her last night.

Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 1: Once tested for viruses, the software can be installed in the school

A B C

computer system for the use.

Question 2: It was only birthday he had celebrated since he was a child.

A B C D

Question 3: Nowadays, everybody knows Apples and almost everybody knows that a
A B C

company was founded by Steve Jobs, an American inventor and entrepreneur.

Question 4: The teacher entered the room while the students were discussing their plan
A B C

for an excursion.

Question 5: Of all papers I read this morning, none interested me as much as this one.

A B C D

Question 6: Steve Jobs died in 2011 after battling with the pancreatic cancer for nearly
A B C D

a decade.

Question 7: He left on the 10 o'clock train yesterday to see his father who was taken

A B

to the hospital last week when he broke his right leg.

C D

Question 8: Every week, his mother goes to university to visit him while my mother

A B

has never come to visit me since I went to university.

C D

Question 9: I have visited Portugal but I have never been to Netherlands, so I intend
A B C

to visit it next summer.

Question 10: Last month, while my friend was traveling round England by the car, he

A B

crashed the car into a tree.

C D