Scientific Method (Step by Step)

1.       Choose the PROBLEM

a.       Choose something that interests you, and something you can work with.

b.      Is it written in the form of a question?

c.       Is the problem clearly identified?

**Remember, the words “Problem” and “Question” mean the same thing.

2.       RESEARCH

a.       Look in books, periodicals, or the internet for information on your topic.

b.      Does your information pertain to each part of your problem?

3.       HYPOTHESIS (If…then…because…)

a.       Use words like “if” and “then” (ex. If I pull out my hair, then I will be bald.)

b.      Avoid using words like “me” and “I”.

c.       Make sure your hypothesis is clear so that it can be tested.

d.      Make sure your hypothesis is based on some findings in your research and that it pertains to your problem specifically.

4.       MATERIALS

a.       Make sure they are written in list form.

b.      Be as specific as possible with the quantities needed (ex. 10 mL water, 8 oz. of soil, etc.

5.       PROCEDURES

a.       List each step you will perform, number each of those steps in order, and write down everything you will do.

b.      Be sure you are testing your hypothesis.

c.       Control your variable. Remember to test only one variable at a time.

d.      Identify the control group and the variable group.

e.      Remember that your procedures need to be written so that your experiment can be repeated.

6.       EXPERIMENT

a.       Be sure to be extremely accurate in your observations. Try to measure as specifically as possible.

b.      Keep a “journal” or take notes of all observations.

7.       RESULTS

a.       Write a summary of what happened. This is not an explanation, but just a paragraph about what happened.

b.      Make tables, graphs, and/or charts to illustrate your point. Be sure to label each one.

c.       Photographs are always a plus if possible.

8.       CONCLUSION

a.       Use this section to explain why something may have happened or what might have gone wrong with your project. You may include why your results may not have agreed with your hypothesis.

b.      This is a great place to discuss how your project may be improved in the future.

c.       Use your results and numbers to explain your conclusion.