Dismantling White Supremacy in the Humanitarian/Development Sector:

A Working Document

This document was drafted by Nadine El-Nabli, an Egyptian-American woman living in Cairo, who has worked at local and global humanitarian organizations, and Anna Myers, a white woman from the US         living in New York who is a consultant in the humanitarian sector.

Intention: As the white-dominated humanitarian sector, embedded in the white-savior-industrial-complex, finally begins to confront its inherent white supremacy and systemic racism, we are hearing questions of what to do among white people (including one of the authors) to really attempt not at reform but at dismantling the existing humanitarian structure. This working document is a collection of small attempts to do so by drawing on so many articles written by BIPOC, particularly those in the ‘Global South’, that are telling us (again and again) what needs to change (see section #1 with articles).  As the sector is rooted in white supremacy and colonialism, it is important to question whether the sector can ever truly be anti-racist and anti-white supremacist or whether it needs to be taken down all together. As we grapple with this fundamental question, we must still work to dismantle what we can and meaningfully shift power. These steps, resources and actions included below are in hopes of doing that.

What is in here: This document includes 1) the collection of articles and resources that informed this working document written by mostly BIPOC from the ‘Global South’ and ‘North’, 2) draft commitments for funders, INGOs and white staff and consultants to take, 3) tracking whether INGOs are standing in solidarity, and if so, how are they operationalizing their posts or statements internally and externally; 4) additional articles, resource collections and materials, with a few focused for white people, to guide this process of unlearning.

Acknowledgements and Recognition: We want to acknowledge the labor of generations of BIPOC activists fighting against racism, white supremacy, heteropatriarchy, capitalism and all other systems of oppression, who have laid the foundation for this work, and produced radical ideas and resources to educate about, and demand justice. This document draws on the work of so many BIPOC humanitarian and development thought leaders who have been speaking up for years, and we reference and give credit to their work throughout this document.

Asks for readers: This document is in draft form in hopes of learning from, collaborating with and supporting the anti-racism work of other humanitarian/development workers. We’d love to hear feedback, input and additions for the commitments and resources/articles, and collaborate with anyone interested in tracking the work INGOs are doing, and be connected and mutually support anyone making commitments in their own work/organizations. If you would like to share feedback or suggestions, or collaborate, please contact us here or leave a comment or suggestion. We are regularly updating the document based on new resources, feedback and suggestions. Thank you!

Table of Contents

1.Compiled articles with demands, proposals and calls to dismantle white supremacy in the sector in recognition that women of color in and from the Global South, and particularly Black women, have been talking about this for a long time. These articles, interviews and panels informed this document.

2. Commitments

Commitments For Funders/INGOs

Commitments for white staff

Commitments for white consultants

Questions for institutional conversations in process of making commitments

3. Tracking Humanitarian/Development Organizations Solidarity Statements and whether they are doing the internal and external work

4. Resources

Networks for People of Color (consider joining if relevant):

Resources for organizational anti-racism efforts

Resources on Transformative Funding (For INGOs and Funders)

Resources on Language Justice

Upcoming Events 

Resource Collections

Decolonizing International Aid Trainings

Further anti-racism resources for white people:

  1. Compiled articles with demands, proposals and calls to dismantle white supremacy in the sector in recognition that women of color in and from the Global South, and particularly Black women, have been talking about this for a long time. These articles, interviews and panels informed this document.

Summaries are inadequate at representing the words of the authors so please read the sources. These are collected in no particular order.

Degan Ali, the executive director of Adeso, calling out the systemic racism of the humanitarian sector and who is calling for a new funding structure for humanitarian aid, the defunding and dissolving of the World Bank, IMF and the overhaul of the UN Security Council.

Degan Ali and Marie-Rose Romain Murphy here call for the defunding and dissolving of the World Bank, IMF and UN, especially the UN Security Council because “Calls to reform institutions that are founded on, and perpetuate, unequal and violent global structures is futile.” Funding needs to go to those organizations movement-building and fighting for social justice in their countries, not INGOs. INGOs need new board management and senior leadership that represents the communities they are serving. “If the goal of aid is about ending aid, then INGOs should have an exit plan and develop new metrics of success for their organizations that are centered around devolving power, money and voice to local communities, organizations and movements. Are they transferring knowledge and connections to these forces? Are they helping them to reinforce their capacity rather than taking funding, credit and human resources away from them? Are they ceding ‘market share’ to others as opposed to increasing it through the establishment of national entities in middle-income countries of the Global South purely as a fundraising strategy?” They write that INGOs and other global actors take credit and overshadow the fact that most work is done by those from the communities. Interactions between communities and INGOs must be of mutual respect. Stop all reinforcement of victims/white saviors through images, and show images that amplify the work communities are doing themselves. Give credit to and due public recognition to community organizations and leaders. There must be individual accountability for perpetuating unjust structures. They call for serious global organizing against the current systems and structures - and against top policy-makers, donors and organizations and for a restructuring of the UN security council.

NEAR Network, a movement of Global South organizations for fair, equitable and dignified  partnership and genuine local participation in humanitarian action.

Feminist Humanitarian Network working against structural inequality.

Hala Al-Karib here and by Maria Al-Abdeh and Champa Patel here have voiced how the donor-driven, INGO-led movements overrule and quiet the work and priorities of local organizations.

Tindyebwa Agaba and an anonymous co-author have written about the casual and ubiquitous nature of racism that underlies that imbalance between safety, housing, pay and positions between expat white aid colleagues and local Black colleagues.

Madhukar Pai on racism within global health research structures including who gets credit versus who does the work.

Mawuna Remarque Koutonin asks why are white people expats when others are immigrants? 

No White Saviors calling out the sector on its white savior complex here

Radi-Aid 

Pasted directly: “Radi-Aid is an annual awareness campaign created by the Norwegian Students' and Academics' Assistance Fund (SAIH). Emerging from the satirical campaign and music video ‘Radi-Aid: Africa for Norway’, the campaign has focused on arranging the Radi-Aid Awards (2013-2017), celebrating the best - and the worst - of development fundraising videos. Along with this, we have produced several satirical, awareness-raising videos. In 2017, we also developed the Social Media Guide for Volunteers and Travelers.”

Charity So White (#CharitySoWhite) calling out racism in the sector through posts of experiences and calling for: candid and honest conversations about racism; publicly acknowledging racism; committing to tackling racism. In April they called for 20% of all funding to go to BAME-led organizations and that at least two members of decision making funding mechanisms have a strong record of racial justice. They were credited for the discussions of racism and diversity at the recent Chartered Institute of Fundraising's (IoF) Convention 2020.

Angela Bruce Raeburn here on the resilience of racism in the aid sector seen by the ability for the Women Deliver CEO to step down but still have a job during the investigation, thanks to her whiteness, and why isn’t there a zero tolerance policy for racism, like there is for sexual misconduct. Angela Bruce Raeburn also wrote here on support for Black colleagues, removing racist photographs and narratives, stopping imposing jargon to misrepresent people’s lives, and stop having all-white leadership teams. She also has previously written on racism in the development and aid sector including here specifically on centering voices of Black and brown women and marginalized groups, ensuring safeguarding mechanisms against SEA, obtaining consent from communities, and supporting leadership and career paths of Global South actors and INGO staff.

Stephanie Kimou of Population Works Africa here on confronting the white gaze, and shifting funding, narrative control and decision-making to the Global South.

Thousand Currents’ recommendations for donors and organizations here on individually doing work to counter white supremacy culture, shifting decision-making power, redefining ‘results’, shifting funding directly to grassroots organizations, and moving past ‘diversity and inclusion’ to justice.

Blessing Omakwu’s questions that every international development organization should ask to make internal policies match external values: the difference of power and empowerment and reflecting on what the board and leadership look like as the custodians of power, recognizing privilege and relinquishing it, pay equity, and decolonizing programs.

Rashida Petersen and Jennifer Lentfer on questioning the need for expats; focusing not just on hiring to improve diversity but on making sure people of color, particularly those from the areas of work, are in leadership positions; moving past diversity to inclusion; and examining how white supremacy functions within the organization here.

Corinne Gray on her experience of racism as a Black woman in the sector, that it is time to accept racism is everywhere, even in us, and the importance of speaking the truth and amplifying the voices of people of color speaking theirs.  

Nof Nasser-Eddin and Nour Abu-Assab, founders of the Centre for Transnational Development and Collaboration discuss Decolonial Approaches to Refugee Migration.

Reem Farah “inverts the gaze from “researching down” refugees to “studying up” the humanitarian structure that governs them” in her article ‘Expat, Local and Refugee: “Studying up” the Global Division of Labor and Mobility in the Humanitarian Industry in Jordan

Charity Kamau and Arunn Jegan (MSF) write about what’s not okay, and what needs to happen for the humanitarian sector to actually stand in solidarity.

Lydia Namubiru writes on the privileging of white staff and the day to day racism against national staff and culture of white supremacy in aid organizations in Of Course Development Aid has a Big Black People Problem 

Cynthia Keza Birikundavyi on the emotional toll, as a Black woman, when reflecting on and speaking about experiences of racism and being a part of these conversations for institutional change in the humanitarian sector.

Webinars and Podcasts

Decolonising aid Part 1: Humanitarian Neutrality and White Supremacy. Hosted by Adeso and Intersectional Feminist Foreign Policy, the webinar was facilitated by Shaista Aziz with Stephanie Kimou, Degan Ali, Hugo Slim, Jo Davies and Rob Grace. The discussion included whether humanitarian neutrality is and perpetuates white supremacy; the need to decolonize the study of humanitarian neutrality and humanitarianism, not just the sector; Degan Ali spoke of the whole system and structures are formed as part of a neocolonial exercise and needs to be addressed, that Global South leaders should create their own ecosystem and be more radical in their approach through South-South solidarity and lead rather than wait ; Stephanie Kimou argued aid should be considered reparations, that locally-rooted expertise needs to be honored and elevated, and space needs to be made for indigenous leadership, and quoted Dr Rosales Meza “decolonization is an act of love”. They both argued that neutrality is enabled because of white supremacy and perpetuates white supremacy to only being granted to INGOs, in exchange for something, and it removes the humanity of the people where it functions.

Season 2: Episode 13 of the Rethinking Development Podcast: Structural Racism and Speaking Truth to Power. Interview with Angela Bruce-Raeburn. Angela Bruce-Raeburn shares her experience growing up and her career as a Black woman from Trinidad and Tobago and the US, with three masters degrees and fluent in French and yet these weren’t enough because of systemic racism. When she speaks about applying for jobs in the development sector, she references her article, But Wait Until They See Your Black Face. She speaks to the failed response in Haiti, the joke of development (International development is all about big organizations going into poor countries telling poor people what to do, not understanding the context”) where all decisions are made in DC, NY and London “And the people who are most impacted, the people whose lives will turn on whether or not these plans are implemented, they’re not at the discussion table.” She offers “the only way development gets reimagined is with people like Degan Ali, the woman in Kenya, that’s the only way it gets changed because people like her have voices that are in stark contrast to the UN voices, talking about how much they have changed, how much they’ve helped. If we don’t change that narrative, we don’t make a dent at all.” When asked whether this moment might be a watershed moment, Angela Bruce-Raeburn speaks to the Women Deliver situation. “This is to me about structural racism, that this white woman will have the benefit of the doubt that black women know they will not have, know we cannot have. Because even in this instance, the same Women Deliver organization puts out a statement that they stand in solidarity with everybody, but even in the organization, being accused of these kinds of things, and she still has her job now.” She speaks of the lack of Black and brown people in leadership positions in development organizations and “the answer is unequivocally, don’t even waste your time in development.” Speaking to where real change will happen, “And I don’t have that kind of confidence in that systemic racism, structural racism is a reality that I don’t think that we understand the depths of it, and how much of it is entrenched and ingrained and socialized into who we are.”

When the West Falls into Crisis

Rethinking Humanitarianism in the midst of #Black Lives Matter and COVID-19. Organized by the New Humanitarian and facilitated by Heba Aly, with Candace Rondeaux, Uzodinma Iweala, Angela Bruce-Raeburn, Abby Maxman, Patrick Gathara, Degan Ali and Aarathi Krishnan.

Please listen to this as there was so much said in two hours and it’s impossible to summarize adequately. The current system was and is structured to keep the Global South without power and impoverished - from the UN Security Council, to IMF/WB loans, to the extraction of resources, to the humanitarian action is a business for INGOs, to how the media and journalists portray crises in the Global South compared to the Global North, to the views of white humanitarians that they are there to save Black and brown people. Eradicate false borders that humanitarian crises are only in the Global South; make sure to be privileging the voices of BIPOC and Global South in this re-thinking of humanitarianism; ‘localization’ is pejorative (Degan Ali); stop considering this work charity and ground it in justice, stop the ‘pipeline of leadership’ in this sector that fosters all white, Global North leadership and start hiring BIPOC staff and staff from the Global South- they are applying and they’re being ignored; support civil society to be for themselves and not required to cater to INGOs demands and priorities; “begin with the premise that this is no longer acceptable” (Patrick Gathara). TNH summary here.

How to be Anti-Racist in Aid: Watch video here

This panel organized by Arbie Baguios, founder of Aid Re-Imagined, included speakers Marie-Rose Romain Murphy, Naomi Tulay-Solanke and Stephanie Kimou. Original summary was four pages so please watch the video. Marie-Rose Romain Murphy talks about the narratives of the Global South (Haiti in particular) that need to be deconstructed because they are white washed and uphold white supremacy. She calls out white/donors/INGOs for only wanting people who will agree with them and how people won’t seek structural change “will embrace the anti-local, anti-Black initiatives so they can promote their own interests”. For white listeners, cultivate that humility and empathy to overcome a sense of superiority. She shared the racism she’s experienced in applying for jobs and leading her organization. Change the narrative and representation that perpetuates racist stereotypes, ex focuses on the rich history culture and spirit of Haiti. She calls listeners to check the narrative and perspective that perpetuates this. And she calls out those who speak politically correct, and then turn around and don’t fund her or trust her. “Just do the damn right thing”. And for funding “let’s talk numbers”. Down to 1% goes to local organizations. “The truth is in numbers – I want people walking their talk. Stop hiding behind excuses. Naomi Tulay-Solanke calls out donors for only supporting local organizations to support their ideas that they have decided at the international level, not the local organizations’. She calls for recognizing and funding local-led initiatives, recognize local leaders and support them; and the leadership of local leaders, community and national organizations, and empower local expertise so they can build the community back far past international involvement. That funding for INGOs should only be given if they’re in equal partnership with local NGOs in a partnership of mutual respect and accountability to the people whose needs they are working towards (and don’t raise money through racist photos). That the perception that one-size-fits-all must stop and donors and INGOs deciding what the community “needs” without speaking to them or working with community leaders and experts, must stop, stop making racist assumptions of leaders and the community needs. “I don’t know how to explain to someone the humanness of someone…And if you don’t understand the way I talk, I’m not responsible.” She raised, and Stephanie echoed this, to stop flying Black leaders around to white-led conferences when you don’t even give them sufficient funding to their organization. Stephanie Kimou defined white supremacy as “White supremacy culture (WSC) is the specific ideology stating that white people and their ideas, thoughts, beliefs and actions are superior to those of people of color.” And that WSC is 1) why we have to have this conversation – for white people 2) that you don’t have to be a white supremacies to support white supremacist culture. Listing how white people support WSC: 1) all white leadership in major INGOs and foundations that work in Asia, Africa and the Caribbean; 2) Inequitable pay scales between those from the Global North compared to those from the Global South, even when they’re doing more work; 3) Not speaking out against poverty porn and tokenizing photos of Black people within the office and in communications; 4) still working at racist organizations like Women Deliver and Oxfam; 5) Talking about getting “buy-in” from Black people and “localization”; 6) doing gender mainstreaming without intersectionality and including race/racism. Stephanie recommends: 1) accept racism exists, and take steps to dismantle WSC; 2) have an individual exit strategy; 3) elevate local expertise – it’s the least you can do; 4) follow Black leaders, speakers, thinkers and don’t ask Black friends for recommendations. That the humanitarian sector was built on colonialism. “It’s not a glass ceiling. It’s a concrete ceiling.” In responding to how/if the sector can become anti-racist, Stephanie argued “if anyone can figure it out it’s Black women. Stop silencing them and move out of the way.” For racist language, white people should figure out how to change the words as they’ve come up with them (like beneficiaries). And for white women, there are free resources you can google to build anti-racist capacity written by Black women – do that work.

 

After watching, donate to the panelists and organizers’ organizations as a thank you for having to speak to predominantly white people on how white supremacist the structure is. Thank you Stephanie, for urging this in the webinar.

Consent in Development: Stephanie Kimou and Angela Bruce-Raeburn on CGD Podcast.

Discussing the inherent racist structure of the sector, and its roots in colonialism and white supremacy. The problematic approaches - lifestyles, wielding of power, assumption of expertise, privileging the education systems and languages of the Global North, creation of a parallel economy, imposing what communities ‘need’ on communities, and white people “living their best lives in spite of the devastation and because of the devastation” (- Angela Bruce-Raeburn with Stephanie Kimou agreeing and adding the second half). Recommendations that white humanitarian workers need a better education to be a part of this sector, that the sector needs Black women-led leadership, to de-center the white gaze, foster transparent partnerships, elevate African expertise above all else, that white women can dismantle their privilege, and for countries to take more control over their own space and fill the gaps if INGOs left.

Shifting the Power: Decolonizing Aid and Development

This interview with Arbie Baguios discussing shifting the power and decolonizing aid. The tools currently being used and how they can be changed to center the needs of the Global South colleagues, for example project management and log frames originate from the US military in the 1970’s to ensure projects aligned with US objects. In addition how the humanitarian sector is donor driven and bureaucratic leaving their priorities mismatched with that of the ‘affected communities’, how language perpetuates power dynamics. Ethics  - “is this the right thing to do” - should be a part of program quality and accountability. Consider whether this is shifting the power in this work. Areas of reform - effectiveness and evidence-based work; localization and talking about power dynamics and shifting power to Global South communities; adaptive management systems thinking. Aid Reimagined is advocating to think about justice and effectiveness, and the model is in a working paper stage. Recommendations: to increase diversity at decision-making level, work with Global North governments to lobby for visa policies to not prohibit mobility of colleagues from the Global South.  

Challenging the white gaze of development

Robtel Neajai Pailey is interviewed about how the representation of Covid globally and how the response centers the white gaze, in that the perceived ‘need’ is emphasized and not the work actually being done by communities and countries themselves for themselves.

Related to the white gaze article above:

Secret aid worker anonymous piece written by a Communications staff from “a small country in Asia

[Academic] Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourse -1984

Chandra Talpade Mohanty examines the ways western Feminist discourse maintains neocolonialist sentiments when examining ‘third world’ women. She identifies three analytical principles for how to determine ethnocentric universalism in western writing regarding the global south. The first principle brings to light the categorization of womanhood, and brings to question how it's defined, and who defines it. The second principle Mohanty identifies is the lack of analysis in methodologies used to garner evidence that is used globally.  Lastly, Mohanty describes how the third principle identifies the unexamined power relations between ‘third world’ women and western feminists. 

What will it take to decolonize global health? By Amruta Byatnal and Naomi Mihara.

US resources for organizations

Equity in the Center:  Do Black Lives Matter in Your Organization? Living into the Values of Your Public #BLM Statement. This webinar goes through moving organizations from awake to woke to work, when addressing systemic racism and particularly anti-Black racism, including the ‘buckets’ of organizational components that need to be addressed: community, leadership, management, board, data, learning environment, and organizational culture. Their guidance is here.

For employers to do better for their Black staff

Calling in Black: a dynamic model of racially traumatic events, resourcing, and safety

Dear Companies your BLM posts are cute but we want to see policy change

In Defense of Black Staff in the Political Sector

How to Manage When Things are Not Okay (And Haven’t Been for Centuries)

10 ways orgs can show up for Black Lives without exploiting ‘Black Lives Matter’

Why People of Color Need Spaces Without White People

Black Lives Matter: Why forming 'diversity'​ committees with Black staff, who have no expertise in D&I or Anti-Racism, is tokenising, by Nova Reid.

On white leadership + board specific articles

How White People Conquered the Nonprofit Industry

How to think differently about diversity in nonprofit leadership: get comfortable with discomfort

Diversifying Boards means ceding control- Are white non-profit leaders ready?

7 Things you can do to improve the sad pathetic state of board diversity

The default nonprofit board model is archaic and toxic; let’s try some new models

Work Culture/HR:

The Bias of Professionalism Standards by Aysa Gray

An Integrated Anti-Oppression Framework for Reviewing and Developing Policy, Springtide Resources

Our hiring practices are inequitable and need to change,from Nonprofit AF

Why I’ve changed my equity, diversity and inclusion philosophy by Advancing Arts Forward

White Supremacy Culture by Tema Okun

Continuum on Becoming an Anti-Racist Multicultural Organization by Crossroads Ministry

Moving from Allyship to Solidarity Actions look like by Heidi Schillinger

  1. Commitments

To share the demands and calls for change by so many Black women, and women and men of color, and white people working in solidarity, the following draft commitments are based, and expand on, the articles and webinars outlined in Section 1. Please let us know if you have any additions or thoughts.

Commitments For Funders/INGOs

Commitments should be linked to a timeline and include who is responsible. They can be adapted.

For organizations endeavoring to become anti-racist, please see questions to ask and  list of BIPOC/-led organizations and consultants to work with on page 22 (and please send us any recommendations or suggestions as we’re eager to expand this list beyond the US).

Commit to:

 

Overall

  1. This work cannot be done by teams of white people. This has to be led by multi-racial groups that prioritize the leadership and ideas of BIPOC, particularly from the Global South. White people should carry the burden of implementing these changes as BIPOC should not have to, but white people cannot be leading this and identifying changes themselves.
  2. Move away from ‘diversity and inclusion’ and work on anti-racism, anti-oppression and decolonization.
  3. Develop and monitor exit strategies for each organization’s projects and office locations
  4. Internally and publicly disclose how white supremacy - the privileging of white people, culture, languages, systems, systems of education - and white supremacist organizational culture is showing up and describe the efforts to dismantle it.
  5. Stop claiming that this sector is ‘apolitical’, and instead commit to clear political stances relating to shifting power and challenging systems of oppression.
  6. Understand and plan knowing that dismantling white supremacy and racism and decolonizing humanitarian action within organizations and the sector will involve long-term discussions and spaces for justice and healing (not only one-off trainings, or the adoption of a policy or the conclusion of an investigation, or the dismissal/resignation of a single individual). For organizations that are going to stick with annual D&I trainings or a few anti-racism trainings, but will not do the long-term, individual, organizational and sector-wide work, they need to be held accountable, lose funding and fail. Don’t seek out consultants if you’re not looking to do the change work.
  7. Ensure all credit, representation, and fair compensation will be given to those who actually do the work - in research, in programming, on panels.

 

Solidarity statements

  1. Ask for and compensate any review made by Black staff of public statements made by the organization in solidarity with Black lives
  2. Center the leadership, voices and needs of Black staff and staff of color when taking any actions in solidarity and with coming up with solutions
  3. Detail and publicize how statements of solidarity are being operationalized both internally and externally and how the organization will be accountable
  4.  Seek out and hire BIPOC consultants and BIPOC-led partners with experience and expertise to lead organizational change work on anti-racism; hire to address both internal/domestic racism within the global organizations as well as through the external partnerships/programming. (See list on p19).

 

Leadership

  1. Replace all-white leadership in all organizations’ offices working in communities of color.
  2. Ensure leadership represents the communities that are served; prioritize shifting to BIPOC women leadership.

 

Boards

  1. Replace boards that are dominated by white people from the Global North with BIPOC from Global North and South, with significant representation of the communities that are being ‘served’ and people who were formerly displaced and/or refugees.

 

Staff

  1. Give BIPOC staff the support they need and want.
  2. Disclose what is in place for Black staff and non-Black POC to feel safe and supported in the organization; for non-Black POC and white staff to work on anti-Black racism; and for white staff to work on their white supremacy and racism.
  3. Ensure white staff undertake anti-racism trainings and develop the skills and capacities needed to organizationally engage in meaningful anti-racism work.
  4. Review the roles and value of white/Global North staff in both Global North offices and Global South offices.
  5. Ensure any white/Global North staff visiting or moving to a different country is well educated in the history and culture of that country, including in the history, shaped by colonization and post-colonial power relations. Reconsider the value of their visit given the time, resources that will be required and availability of local expertise. Consider what can be done remotely.
  6. Cease to prioritize the safety of white staff over staff of color, particularly Black staff and especially ‘national’ staff.

 

HR practices: hiring, retention, promotions, complaint mechanisms

  1. Hire staff who reflect the communities that are being served.
  2. End inequitable pay scales between Global North (white) colleagues and Global South/ern colleagues.
  3.  Understand that while demographic representation is an essential part of dismantling white supremacy, this is only meaningful if the voices, perspectives and ideas of BIPOC/Global South staff are leading organizational decision-making
  4. End all unpaid internships or volunteer opportunities that privileges Global North/white people.
  5. Hold staff accountable for perpetuating racism and unsafe work environments; have transparent and safe complaint mechanisms with clear systems of accountability and staff removal as part of a zero-tolerance policy. Report these publicly when requested.
  6. Disclose how hiring practices, pay scales and promotion policies are anti-racist and will decolonize the current system. First steps:
  7. Post salaries and benefits in every job listing
  1. Have salary bands and criteria available and transparent internally
  2. Implement blind hiring with more time allocated to reach out to wider and more networks.
  3. Move away from only valuing and requiring formal education (depending on the nature of the role), and instead move these to ‘preferred qualifications’
  4. Expand focus on, and valuing of, skills, passion, and lived experience, and allow room for training and teaching new hires who have the passion and transferable experiences/skills
  5. Simplify the application and recruitment process (shorten application forms, reduce number of interviews, etc.)
  6. Make the interviewing process collaborative, inclusive of organizational staff at different levels, of different backgrounds and identities
  7. Include commitment to and actions towards anti-racism and fostering a safe work environment as an essential part of performance evaluations and promotion criteria
  8. Outline how the INGO invests in the career development of national staff and monitor and be accountable to this
  9. Prioritize the promotions of ‘national’/’local’ staff, and staff of/from the communities the organization works with/for
  10. Prohibit differences in compensation packages and benefits for national/local staff and white/international staff
  11. Invest time and resources to overcome racist visa restrictions and ensure this is not considered a barrier in hiring

  1. End ‘volunteer’ posts available to ‘community members’ - pay everyone for their work.
  2. End all trends of hiring white, Global North staff for ‘international/global’ positions and seek out people from the Global South.
  3. Always first seek consultants who are from the location(s) or at least the region.
  4. When sharing widely, ensure consultant TORs are shared across numerous networks to cease hiring through networks that privilege white people from similar education and cultural backgrounds. Share TORs with Black Women in Development Network, Women of Color in Emergencies Network, Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation and identified relevant consultants in Take Two Non-profit Consultants of Color.

Photos, Narratives and Communications

  1. End poverty porn or the taking and use of photos that perpetuate the white savior complex and dehumanization of BlPOC in the Global South – including photos used for communications materials, hung on the organization’s offices or posted on the website.
  2. Photograph (to showcase) the incredible work being done by national and community partners and leaders and credit them by name, location, activity, etc.
  3. End the tokenizing of BIPOC in organizations, on websites, on panels, on webinars, in photos
  4. Stop using language that is embedded in white supremacy (e.g. beneficiaries, capacity building, etc.) and develop new terms and reflect these changes in organizational documents and as white people started this, they need to come up with new terms.
  5. Redefine what ‘global’ means in ‘global organizations’; question why global always means Black and brown people from the ‘Global South’ and not other ‘Global North’ contexts, including your own backyard, where global humanitarian crises - such as where systemic racism and white supremacy - are rife.
  6. Redefine what humanitarian crises and emergencies are so they are not only considered in the Global South or Black and brown communities but include the crises in Global North.

Panels Webinars and Convenings and external engagement

  1. End all white panels/webinars or those that include only 1 BIPOC or ‘representative’ from the Global South
  2. End the tokenizing of BIPOC in organizations, on websites, on panels, on webinars, in photos
  3. Move away from holding conferences and meetings primarily in English
  4. Stop holding virtual conferences or webinars that cater to the time zones of the East Coast of the US or parts of Europe.
  5. Stop paying and requesting Black and brown women from the Global South to leave their jobs and fly long distances to speak or attend a conference and then not fund their local organization enough.
  6. Ensure convenings are represented by the countries where the work is taking place:
  7. Committees organizing committees must be multi-racial and of both Global North and South colleagues (if not more Global South)
  8. Languages must represent all that are needed
  9. Participation as presenters and panelists must not require application and abstract processes that privilege English, particular education systems/ Global North applicants.
  10. If a conference is led and dominated by white, Global North participants, it is perpetuating colonialism and has failed at moving the sector forward.
  11. Stop holding convenings that adhere and reinforce the cultural norms and practices of the Global North.

Monitoring and Evaluation

  1. Undertake racial justice mainstreaming, as organizations have been for gender.
  2. Undertake an audit of how white supremacy is maintained in the organization with a BIPOC/-led organization or consultant and commit to long term change.
  3. Undertake a survey with staff on how white supremacy shows up and how to dismantle it in all offices and adapt for the context of systems of oppression.
  4. Revise all materials used, such as logframes and monitoring indicators in close collaboration with partners, to make them anti-racist and dismantle white supremacy, such as identifying priorities by implementing partners and report findings as they are not falling into donor desires.
  5. Monitor, and make available demographics of staff within the organizational hierarchy (including the board), and turnover disaggregated by race/ethnicity, for the purposes of recognizing and reducing white dominance within organizations.
  6. Using qualitative, collaborative, participatory and other non-quantitative methods, assess the role white supremacy has in shaping the organization internally and externally (for ex mission, values, culture, funding, systems, project design, M&E, etc.) and identify alternative ways of measuring change and use both qualitative and quantitative methods to measure it.

Language

  1. Stop all use of racist terms such as capacity building, beneficiaries, etc. and check the narratives used to describe countries in the Global South.
  2. Do not assume that any language-speaker is equipped or ready to translate for the organization, including not assuming that any translator is specialized in inclusive translation
  3. Value, and invest resources in, language diversity and justice
  4. Hire staff who speak the languages of and/or are from the communities you aim to represent and work for/with
  5. Center the leadership of impacted communities and relevant advocates/activists in deciding on language/translations for the issues they advocate for (particularly as they pertain to sensitive and political language around identities and issues such as gender, sexuality, disability, etc.)

External/partnerships

  1. Review all partnerships with external partners to identify strategies to dismantle white supremacy and decolonize the partnership and shared work, with timelines and accountability mechanisms and with the ultimate goal of the INGO shifting their work, resources, etc to the partner as part of their exit strategy.
  1. Identify how to strengthen INGO/funding support to the national/community-based partner, in their country.
  2. Follow national and community-based organizations’ priorities and leadership.
  3. Adapt existing mechanisms to fit their needs and priorities.
  4. Recognize the current status quo is forcing partners to ‘become’ like the donor/INGOs - reverse this at every stage.
  5. Develop an exit strategy for the INGO to hand over to the partner in resources, connections/network, funding channels, knowledge/skills, etc
  1. Stop deciding what a community needs without significant partnering with local leaders, stop approaches that are formed as one-size-fits-all, stop making assumptions.
  2. Invest in local civil society and local leadership and businesses.
  3. Shift decision-making power to national and community-based organizations
  4. Ensure priorities are decided by national and community-based organizations and push back against donors who are heavy-handed with power hoarding.
  5. Seek out, listen to and amplify local expertise.
  6. Give credit and showcase the work of national and community-based organizations and leaders. Stop taking credit or overlooking/underrepresenting the work that is done by local activists, movements, organizations and leaders.
  7. Give due credit, appropriate pay, security and resources to partners conducting research or programs in partnership with INGOs.
  8. Consider your relationship with communities of mutual respect; be accountable, respectful and responsive to the feedback, expertise, and priorities of the community.
  9. Understand ‘localization’ is a racist and pejorative term that reflects how the humanitarian sector views leadership in the Global South and racism is a huge reason for the sector’s limited success at ‘implementation’ of ‘localization’.
  10. Recognize the valuing of Global North ‘expertise’ and systems is rooted in colonialism and perpetuates white supremacy.

Budgeting and Funding

  1. Allocate a portion of annual budgets and work plans to organizationally address and challenge white supremacy, patriarchy, and other systems of oppression internally and externally
  2. Invest sufficient time and financial resources in ensuring the accurate, sensitive translations and interpretation
  3. Write proposals that are in actual, meaningful partnerships with national and community-based organizations; work with funders to shift their perpetuation of white supremacy/colonialism through existing funding structures, to allow for enough time and care for proposals that are driven by national and community-based organizations, where local organizations decide the role of the INGO.
  4. Drastically alter how and who is funded:
  1. Prioritize national and community-based organizations
  2. Shorten and simplify proposals and accept them in different languages
  3. Lengthen program timelines
  4. Include indicators identified with partners that are for justice and power shifting that are meaningfully assessed and that drastically alter the current process to be collaborative and equal
  5. Hold INGOs accountable to the communities they serve.
  6. Funders specifically: Reallocate money from INGOs to national or community-based organizations. Only fund INGOs when they are in equal partnership with local organizations, with mutual respect and accountability to the communities they are serving.
  7. Funders specifically: Consider your role to be that of redistribution of resources and not ‘aid’ recognizing the colonial history and systemic exploitation of the Global South that led to Global North accumulation of wealth. Be accountable to dismantling the white supremacist funding mechanisms that structure everything on white-led/Global North donor deliverables.
  8. Funders specifically: Make it possible for grant proposals to be written in different languages
  9. Funders specifically: Consider your role to be that of redistribution of resources and not ‘aid’ recognizing the colonial history and systemic exploitation of the Global South that led to Global North accumulation of wealth. Be accountable to dismantling the white supremacist funding mechanisms that structure everything on white-led/Global North donor deliverables.

Commitments for white staff

Commit to:

  1. Cease hiring through your network and instead hire through a process that is transparent and anti-racist (like blind hiring), that do not privilege white people from similar backgrounds (see HR policies above), and ensure TORs are shared in local networks first and then as well as Take Two Non-profit Consultants of Color , Black Women in Development Network, Women of Color in Emergencies Network, Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation.
  2. Refuse to represent projects you did not do most of the labor on and instead actively work to ensure that the right colleagues are representing their body of work and offer whatever support they need and want.
  3. Acknowledge we are all racist and part of a racist system and that we work in a white supremacist culture that we uphold unless we are actively calling it out or working against it. We can then work on our own individual racism, as well as the organizational, sector-wide and systemic racism through which we privilege (in culture, language, education, norms, etc).
  4. Without burdening colleagues of color, work with other white colleagues to advance anti-racism work in the organization; call out racism (do not remain silent), including systemic racism, and how white supremacy shows up in your organization, and with white colleagues, hold each other accountable.
  5. Initiate and move these conversations forward within your organizations but without centering your needs and while separating your own individual process to become more anti-racist from this one.
  6. Don’t encourage white people from the Global North to go volunteer in the Global South.
  7. Don’t agree to staff packages without asking about how much and what benefits your Global South colleagues are receiving, particularly your “counterpart”; you will not agree to staff packages at all - ideally it is agreed that your ‘expertise’ is not necessary
  8. Do not agree to speak on or organize all-white, all-male panels or webinars or those that have  only 1 BIPOC or ‘representative’ from the Global South
  9. Do not attend a convening, even an annual meeting, and explain why, when it does not typically bring more people from the Global South, than those from the Global North, as they are actually doing the work
  10. Do not contribute to (social) media work that perpetuates colonial-esque/white savior pictures of countries or people in the Global South and confront colleagues who do.
  11. Develop your own exit strategy from your work.

Commitments for white consultants

Commit to:

  1. Ask potential clients/employers how they are operationalizing their solidarity statements, tweets or posts
  2. Refuse to work with them if they are not working on addressing internal and external white supremacy and explain this
  3. Refuse consultancies for which you are not qualified and encourage employers to also reach out to the Black Women in Development Network and the Women of Color in Emergencies Network, the network of Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation, and the Take Two Non-profit Consultants of Color  and consultants who are from that country and working there.
  4. Refuse to participate or organize on all-white panels or webinars or with only 1 POC or person from the Global South.
  5. Refuse work with all-white leadership or all-white teams
  6. Refuse to accept consultancies through your network, and instead request to apply for them.

*If interested in a very informal network of white consultants making commitments and holding each other accountable, please reach out.

Questions for institutional conversations in process of making commitments

When undertaking institutional conversations for Humanitarians INGOs/Foundations

on its perpetuation of systemic racism and white supremacy, consider the following questions:

 

Foundations/INGOs:

Internally:

  1. Has your organization asked Black staff members about how they would like to be supported and how the organization should act in solidarity?
  2. Does your organization have a solidarity statement? If so, how has your organization operationalized the solidarity statement internally?
  3. How is your organization centering the leadership, voices and needs of Black staff and staff of color in coming up with solutions?
  4. How are you making the organization a safe place to work for colleagues of color, especially Black colleagues?
  5. What is the racial and national make-up of the leadership and Board? How does the leadership, including the Board, represent the diversity of the communities where you work?
  6. What hiring practices are employed to improve diversity within the organization? What HR policies are employed to ensure safe complaint mechanisms and what other steps have been taken related to HR to ensure the safety of staff of color?
  7. How is your organization showing up for its Black staff members and other staff members of color?
  8. How is your organization creating space for non-Black staff to explore their role in confronting white supremacy and anti-Black racism individually and in their work? How is your organization creating space for white colleagues to explore their role in white supremacy and racism?
  9. How is white supremacy culture at the individual and organizational levels being addressed?
  10. How are hiring practices, leadership structures, feedback and complaint mechanisms being anti-racist and in support of staff of color?
  11. Foundations-specific: What is the racial and national make up of your board and staff?
  12. Foundations-specific: What proportion of your funding is going directly to local or national organizations? Why not more?
  13. Foundations-specific: What program or grant application processes, partnership terms and indicators will you change to shift decision making and power to Global South organizations?
  14. Foundations-specific: What strategies do you use that would actually enable equitable partnerships?
  15. Foundations-specific: How do you identify your priorities? How can these be changed to reflect the different priorities of your grantees?
  16. Foundations-specific: How do the foundations’ priority topic areas for funding, duration of grants, degree of reporting, indicators and deliverables required, communication demands, and relationship center the foundation and perpetuate white supremacy and systemic racism? How can these be changed to shift power and be driven by the priorities, needs and reality of national and community-based organizations?

Externally in partnership with colleagues in the ‘Global South’

  1. How is your organization centering the leadership, voices and needs of local partners and organizations?
  2. How is white supremacy culture within the partnerships being addressed?
  3. How are decision making processes, communication mechanisms, leadership structures, feedback and complaint mechanisms being anti-racist and in support colleagues in the Global South?
  4. What steps is the organization taking to confront white supremacy and racism in your partnerships with local actors?
  5. How is the organization shifting resources and decision-making to the Global South?

3. Tracking Humanitarian/Development Organizations

Solidarity Statements and whether they are doing the internal and external work

This tracking section, compiled by Boram Lee, is a starting point to track which INGOs and Foundations are making statements, and whether they are operationalizing these statements internally. If anyone is interested in tracking with us, please reach out. Please also feel free to send updates.

Other related tracking/monitoring/surveys: recent survey of global humanitarian organizations requesting them to report formal complaints of racism against staff (nearly a third refused to report), as well as a forthcoming equity index for the UK-based development sector.

Organization

Press releases/Statements

Social Media Tweets/Posts

Former and current Staff led responses  (or comments)

CARE

https://www.care.org/equity-and-inclusion

 

 

Humanity and Inclusion

https://www.hi-us.org/anti_racism_statement_from_the_staff_of_humanity_inclusion 

 

 

IDA

http://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/ida-statement-anti-racism?fbclid=IwAR1SGhobGecCaQOtEHGWvR9ELBt-OxV_HP8ADBirzlJMsYXlwM-fv0gwGh0 

 

 

International Women’s Health Coalition

https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/jul/20/womens-health-organisation-under-fire-for-institutional-racism-and-bullying-iwhc?fbclid=IwAR1lO5hHNCeOGZhbvC1ZQM3pTUlqlRMQm_53PPaailIRBEb2YGJHdDcqpzM

IRC

https://www.rescue.org/press-release/irc-statement 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CA6MEP1nR3-/

 

MSF

https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/story/standing-solidarity-our-black-colleagues-and-black-community-united?fbclid=IwAR10kLrNVKpNENQfVuWnQmzalF3-mugvenmOqsicdizKQYrgMDvx4Lr4s5o

 

 

MSF former and current staff letter calling for leadership to address institutional racism https://docs.google.com/forms/d/16TF7CTAP3S8BoV4MUOrZxYcIUk_-qT_MUYxSQKhThDU/viewform?edit_requested=true

OCHA

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CA-KM5wDXke/ 

 

Oxfam America

https://oxfamapps.org/blog/tools-to-begin-your-journey-towards-anti-racism/?fbclid=IwAR3qqUQWGxt3mvlqiOpDNAnZmDxc_5LPTS5M-mEA7PHk7vXY_B1nDO1dIuA

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CBBHeIVhyof/ 

Retracted first statement, now has Tools to begin your journey towards anti-racism

Save the Children

https://www.savethechildren.org.uk/blogs/2020/blm-solidarity-statement-charity-leadership-team?fbclid=IwAR0eRl9poV2sHYbxQOeUVftUfFa-XgaumoDiJQWWu7koMxuyQUcwTmfmP0c

https://www.savethechildrenactionnetwork.org/articles/save-the-children-action-network-statement-on-racial-injustice/?sl_tc=twitter 

 

Actions: they’ve held a town hall, are looking at hiring practices, conducting anti-racism training

UN

 

 

Statement by twenty senior leaders in the UN, who report directly to Secretary-General António Guterres, and who are African or of African descent https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1066242

 

It's time the UN faced up to its treatment of black people like me by Rosebell Kagumire

UN Women

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CBFTrtfntIB/ 

 

UNDP

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CBBpy-rHEuz/ 

 

UNHCR America

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CA_I3olgQCn/ 

 

Women Deliver

https://womendeliver.org/2020/women-deliver-stands-in-solidarity-with-the-movement-for-racial-justice/ 

 

Published benchmarks; then the incredible @BritanyTatum and @chelsea_wd and others called out WD with their experience of racism as former employees, the CEO has taken a leave of absence, made another statement that there is an investigation going on).

WRC

 

https://www.instagram.com/p/CA8ZxBHFGPD/

 

4. Resources

Networks for People of Color (consider joining if relevant):

Take Two Non-profit Consultants of Color

#blackwomenindev - Black Women in Development: A Global Network

Women of Color in Emergencies Network

Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation

BAMEiD: UK Network for Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic practitioners in International Development

The Rooted Collaborative: A Global Community for BIWOC Fundraisers

Resources for organizational anti-racism efforts

We are looking for non-US-based BIPOC/-led organizations and consultants to include here. Please share if you have recommendations or contact information. If you only have their personal email accounts, please don’t share until you’ve confirmed with them.

For organizations seeking REDI/DEI consultants, see below for BIPOC-led organizations and consultants working on this. For more advice on what to consider when seeking a consultant, see Michelle Kim from Awaken here and Kerrien Suarez with support from Ericka Hines from Equity in the Center here.

 

US: Race Forward, the Center for Urban and Racial Equity, AORTA, Dismantling Racism Works, Transforming Culture and Naming Racism, Population Works Africa Decolonizing our work workshop, Sisu Consulting Center for Equity and Inclusion, Change Elemental, The Raben Group, Justice Collective, the Melanin Collective, Itzbeth Menjivar of BridgePeople, Awaken, Antionette D. Carroll, The Angry Africans: Be Better Do Better.

Awaken: List of Black-owned DEI companies and consultants

Take Two Non-profit Consultants of Color (includes consultants working on DEI/REDI

South Africa: Desiree Paulsen  

Uganda: No White Saviors/education

UK/Middle East: Centre for Transnational Development and Collaboration

Others for organizational change:

Resources on Transformative Funding (For INGOs and Funders)

While some of these resources are focused on feminist funding, they employ intersectional feminist lenses, and center around wider points of power dynamics and shifts in the sector:

Toward a Feminist Funding Ecosystem, by AWID

No Straight Lines, by Frida

Reparations as Philanthropy: Rethinking “Giving” in Africa, by Uzodinma Iweala

Participatory Grantmaking Collective

Resources on Language Justice

So many voices are excluded due to the privileging of English at decision-making fora, the lack of prioritization of language accessibility, and the lack of resources and time allocated to inclusive translation and interpretation. Here are just some initial resources for working towards achieving language justice:

Just Communities' Language Justice Network:  

How to build language justice, by Antena

Language Justice Curriculum, by the Center for Participatory Change

Resource Collections

Resources and Tools on Racism, White Privilege and Anti-Black Discrimination

Sara Bonyadi created this compilation of resources that includes articles, tools, books, films, podcasts, and tedtalks from 20 different countries in a number of languages on racism, white privilege, and discrimination on individual and organizational levels. Sections also include being an ally, race and feminism, race and LGBTQIA+, race and children, and confronting anti-Black racism for non-Black persons of colour.

Resources compiled to stand in solidarity with Black liberation movements: Black women-led orgs to support, templates for starting anti-racism org conversations, books to read, e-course to join, form to volunteer your time, and initiating moving money to Black-led orgs.

Stephanie Kimou, Population Works Africa

Racism in the aid industry and international development-a curated collection

Tobias Denskus compiles and quotes a series of recent articles from Devex and the New Humanitarian on racism in the aid and development sector.

Resource pack: Educate yourself on racism and #Black Lives Matter

50 Shades of Aid, June 2020

Decolonizing Global Health

Duke University

Gender and Development: Reimagining International Development

A series of articles reimagining international development from an intersectional feminist lens.

Healing Solidarity Conference interviews with actors from all over the world, especially the Global South, speaking on reimagining international aid.

Decolonizing International Aid Trainings

Population Works Africa offers workshops, lectures, townhall discussions and an e-learning course on decolonizing international aid, a webinar on the same topic and is starting an anti-racism course.

Further anti-racism resources for white people:

How Matters - Ways to be in Action Against Anti-black Racism (Jennifer Lentfer, aka @intldogooder) and many others can be found on her website

Other anti-racism trainings and resources:

People’s Institute for Survival and Beyond, Race Forward, Leslie Mac’s Allies in Action Bootcamp

Anti-Racism Resources

Document compiled by Sarah Sophie Flicker, Alyssa Klein in May 2020.

Healing Solidarity “Getting Ourselves Together” pop up group for white people working on anti-racism individually and in the humanitarian and development sectors.

Contradictions for white people in racial justice work

Ericka Hart on why white people should not be paid for doing anti-racism work

Six signs your call-out is about ego and not accountability by Maisha Z. Johnson

How good white people silence people of color by Donyae Coles

Anti-racism requires so much more than 'checking your privilege' by Momtaza Mehri.

Unpacking the privilege of the white “expat” backpack: Everyday ways of experiencing, upholding or leveraging white supremacy

Drafted by the authors, open to additions, and inspired by Peggy McIntosh’s White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack

  1. I will often share many overlapping identities with the heads of the NGO I work for (ex language, educational background, nationality, culture, skin color)
  2. I can walk into fancy hotels and feel comfortable, whether or not I stay there or purchase something
  3. I know the donor community will always trust my opinions, even over those from the countries of which I speak.
  4. I can go to a conference with little expertise in the area without worrying others will wonder how I was accepted or invited to attend
  5. I often do not have to worry about obtaining visas before arriving, nor going through a lengthy or intrusive visa process
  6. I do not have to worry that job rejections are due to my nationality or passport mobility
  7. I will not often be expected to speak a word of the local language in order to find a job
  8. I can expect for colleagues to take extra precautions for my safety and wellbeing while traveling for work
  9. I can expect to be treated as an ‘expert’ in a topic I know little about in a country I have barely lived in compared to my colleagues from there
  10. I can expect that in restaurants that ask locals to pay in advance, I will not be asked to pay until the end
  11. I can expect the police will give more attention to my problems than local colleagues or neighbors
  12. I can expect anyone seeing me will assume I have enough money to take care of my needs, even if I say I don’t (although I do, because I’ve flown to a foreign country and am working or visiting).
  13. I see my nationality as an or asset or even benign, not something to ‘overcome’
  14. I am likely able to walk into a government ministry and meet with someone without an appointment
  15. I am assumed to be more powerful and knowledgeable than I am
  16. I enjoy living in countries in a socioeconomic status I do not have in my own country
  17. I enjoy living above the laws and norms of the country, knowing my country will protect me and I won’t be held accountable
  18. I attend conferences and notice that most people are white and that most of them I know or have heard about.
  19. I have previously been hired through my network and can rely on my network when seeking new opportunities.