Organic Chemistry

Side Branches and Halogens: How to Name and Draw

Organic Chemistry

Side Branches and Halogens: How to Name and Draw

Learning Target 2.2.2: I can compare and contrast hydrocarbon structure with alkyl branches and or halide branches.

Goal 2.2.2.a: I can name hydrocarbons with alkyl branches

Goal 2.2.2.b: I can draw hydrocarbons with alkyl branches

An alkyl group also called a side branch can be a set amount of carbons branching off the the longest chain.

^[1] A branched chain hydrocarbon molecule, 2 methyl butane

Carbon atoms can branch off of any long chain organic molecule, either alkanes, alkenes or alkynes as well as functional groups which you will learn about next.

View the table below.

Common Alkyl Groups

Goal 2.2.2.c: I can name hydrocarbons with halide branches

Goal 2.2.2.d: I can draw hydrocarbons with halide

Halogen substitution

Branches can also contain halogens instead of a carbon branch off the main chain. These molecules are called halogenated hydrocarbons or halides because they contain the halogens (fluorene,chlorine, bromine,or iodine).

^[2] a molecule of 1,1 dichloro 1 fluoroethane. Notice that the hydrogens that would be placed on the 1st carbon are replaced by the halogens fluorine and chlorine.

A common halogenated hydrocarbon is PTFE(polytetrafluorethane) known as Teflon.

^[3] PTFE (polytetrafluoroethane) is a fluorinated hydrocarbon known as Teflon.

 ^[4]a nonstick pan is often coated with PTFE

View the Video Alkyl Branch and Halogens -Part 1

View the Video Alkyl Branch and Halogens - Part 2. Be sure to do the practice problems at the end of the video.

Draw and name 2 individual organic compounds with an Alkyl Branch. If you are in a classroom, turn to your neighbor compare your drawings and discuss your naming of the compound.

Practice by doing the Side Branches and Halogens Worksheet.